Serotonin activates the hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal axis via serotonin 2C receptor stimulation
Open accessAbstract
The dynamic interplay between serotonin [5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)] neurotransmission and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis has been extensively studied over the past 30 years, but the underlying mechanism of this interaction has not been defined. A possibility receiving little attention is that 5-HT regulates upstream corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) signaling systems via activation of serotonin 2C receptors (5-HT(2C)Rs) in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVH). Through complementary approaches in wild-type rodents and 5-HT(2C)R-deficient mice, we determined that 5-HT(2C)Rs are necessary for 5-HT-induced HPA axis activation. We used laser-capture PVH microdissection followed by microarray analysis to compare the expression of 13 5-HTRs. Only 5-HT(2C)R and 5-HT(1D)R transcripts were consistently identified as present in the PVH, and of these, the 5-HT(2C)R was expressed at a substantially higher level. The abundant expression of 5-HT(2C)Rs in the PVH was confirmed with in situ hybridization histochemistry. Dual-neurohistochemical labeling revealed that approximately one-half of PVH CRH-containing neurons coexpressed 5-HT(2C)R mRNA. We observed that PVH CRH neurons consistently depolarized in the presence of a high-affinity 5-HT(2C)R agonist, an effect blocked by a 5-HT(2C)R antagonist. Supporting the importance of 5-HT(2C)Rs in CRH neuronal activity, genetic inactivation of 5-HT(2C)Rs produced a downregulation of CRH mRNA and blunted CRH and corticosterone release after 5-HT compound administration. These findings thus provide a mechanistic explanation for the longstanding observation of HPA axis stimulation in response to 5-HT and thereby give insight into the neural circuitry mediating the complex neuroendocrine responses to stress.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Serotonin regulates upstream CRH signaling via activation of serotonin 2C receptors of the hypothalamic PVN.
“Serotonin regulates upstream CRH signaling systems via the activation of serotonin 2C receptors of the hypothalamic PVN (217).”
From Signalling cognition: The gut microbiota and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (2023) · cites this paper as [217]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
The Mouse Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates
Paxinos, G. (2001) · Cited by 12,859 · see citing works
Cowley, M. A., Smith, R. G., Diano, S., Tschöp, M., Pronchuk, N., Grove, K. L., Strasburger, C. J., Bidlingmaier, M., Esterman, M., Heiman, M. L., et al. (2003) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(03)00063-1 · Cited by 1,679 · see citing works
Self-citationA role for melanin-concentrating hormone in the central regulation of feeding behaviour
Qu, D., Ludwig, D. S., Gammeltoft, S., Piper, M., Pelleymounter, M. A., Cullen, M. J., Mathes, W. F., Przypek, J., Kanarek, R. B., & Maratos–Flier, E. (1996) · Nature · doi:10.1038/380243a0 · Cited by 1,320 · see citing works
Eating disorder and epilepsy in mice lacking 5-HT2C serotonin receptors
Tecott, L. H., Sun, L. M., Akana, S. F., Strack, A. M., Lowenstein, D. H., Dallman, M. F., & Julius, D. J. (1995) · Nature · doi:10.1038/374542a0 · Cited by 1,275 · see citing works
Self-citationThe spectrum of behaviors influenced by serotonin
Lucki, I. (1998) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(98)00139-5 · Cited by 1,154 · see citing works
Leptin Activates Hypothalamic CART Neurons Projecting to the Spinal Cord
Elias, C. F., Lee, C., Kelly, J., Aschkenasi, C. J., Ahima, R. S., Couceyro, P. R., Kuhar, M. J., Saper, C. B., & Elmquist, J. K. (1998) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(00)80656-x · Cited by 809 · see citing works
Self-citationProopiomelanocortin Neurons Are Direct Targets for Leptin in the Hypothalamus
Cheung, C. C., Clifton, D. K., & Steiner, R. A. (1997) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo.138.10.5570 · Cited by 769 · cited 6× · see citing works
“ISHH was performed using an antisense 35S-labeled CRH (Liu et al., 2003), 35S-labeled 5-HT2CR (Molineaux et al., 1989), 35S-labeled cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) (Couceyro et al., 1997), 35Slabeled pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) (Cheung et al., 1997), or 35Slabeled melanin-concentrating hormone (MC…”
InfluentialElevated anxiety and antidepressant-like responses in serotonin 5-HT 1A receptor mutant mice
Heisler, L. K., Chu, H.-M., Brennan, T. J., Danao, J. A., Bajwa, P., Parsons, L. H., & Tecott, L. H. (1998) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.95.25.15049 · Cited by 704 · see citing works
Self-citationIntegration of NPY, AGRP, and Melanocortin Signals in the Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus
Cowley, M. A., Pronchuk, N., Fan, W., Dinulescu, D. M., Colmers, W. F., & Cone, R. D. (1999) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(00)80829-6 · Cited by 616 · see citing works
Self-citationSB 242084, a Selective and Brain Penetrant 5-HT 2C Receptor Antagonist
Kennett, G. A., Wood, M. D., BRIGHT, F., Trail, B. K., Riley, G. J., Holland, V. A., Avenell, K. Y., Stean, T. O., Upton, N., Bromidge, S. M., et al. (1997) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/s0028-3908(97)00038-5 · Cited by 526 · see citing works
Activation of Central Melanocortin Pathways by Fenfluramine
Heisler, L. K., Cowley, M. A., Tecott, L. H., Fan, W., Low, M. J., Smart, J. L., Rubinstein, M., Tatro, J. B., Marcus, J., Holstege, H. H., et al. (2002) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1072327 · Cited by 491 · see citing works
Self-citationNonogaki, K., Strack, A. M., Dallman, M. F., & Tecott, L. H. (1998) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/2647 · Cited by 467 · see citing works
Self-citationSerotonin Reciprocally Regulates Melanocortin Neurons to Modulate Food Intake
Heisler, L. K., Jobst, E. E., Sutton, G. M., Zhou, L., Borók, E., Thornton-Jones, Z. D., Liu, H. Y., Zigman, J. M., Balthasar, N., Kishi, T., et al. (2006) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2006.06.004 · Cited by 428 · see citing works
Self-citationCortical 5-HT 2A Receptor Signaling Modulates Anxiety-Like Behaviors in Mice
Weisstaub, N., Zhou, M., Lira, A., Lambe, E. K., González‐Maeso, J., Hornung, J., Sibille, E. L., Underwood, M. D., Itohara, S., Dauer, W. T., et al. (2006) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1123432 · Cited by 425 · see citing works
Primary structure of corticotropin-releasing factor from ovine hypothalamus
Spiess, J., Rivier, J., Rivier, C., & Vale, W. (1981) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.78.10.6517 · Cited by 424 · see citing works
Sawchenko, P. E., Swanson, L. W., Steinbusch, H. W. M., & Verhofstad, A. A. J. (1983) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(83)90945-9 · Cited by 380 · see citing works
Liu, H., Kishi, T., Roseberry, A. G., Cai, X., Lee, C. E., Montez, J. M., Friedman, J. M., & Elmquist, J. K. (2003) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.23-18-07143.2003 · Cited by 375 · see citing works
Self-citationHUMORAL HYPOTHALAMIC CONTROL OF ANTERIOR PITUITARY: A STUDY WITH COMBINED TISSUECULTURES
Guillemin, R., & Rosenberg, B. (1955) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-57-5-599 · Cited by 368 · see citing works
Porter, R. H. P., Benwell, K. R., Lamb, H., Malcolm, C., Allen, N. H., Revell, D. F., Adams, D. R., & Sheardown, M. J. (1999) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0702751 · Cited by 359 · see citing works
Brady, L. S., Whitfield, H. J., Fox, R. J., Gold, P. W., & Herkenham, M. A. (1991) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci115086 · Cited by 338 · see citing works
Elmquist, J. K., Scammell, T. E., Jacobson, C. D., & Saper, C. B. (1996) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(19960715)371:1 · Cited by 335 · see citing works
Self-citationSingewald, N., Salchner, P., & Sharp, T. (2003) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(02)01574-3 · Cited by 321 · see citing works
Linkowski, P., Mendlewicz, J., Kerkhofs, M., Leclercq, R., GOLSTEIN, J., Brasseur, M., Copinschi, G., & Cauter, E. V. (1987) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-65-1-141 · Cited by 318 · see citing works
Yamamoto, H., Kishi, T., Lee, C. E., Choi, B. J., Fang, H., Hollenberg, A. N., Drucker, D. J., & Elmquist, J. K. (2003) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.23-07-02939.2003 · Cited by 294 · see citing works
Self-citation5-HT1c receptor is a prominent serotonin receptor subtype in the central nervous system.
Molineaux, S. M., Jessell, T. M., Axel, R., & Julius, D. J. (1989) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.86.17.6793 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Further studies on the anatomical distribution of CART by in situ hybridization
Couceyro, P. R., Koylu, E. O., & Kuhar, M. J. (1997) · Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy · doi:10.1016/s0891-0618(97)00212-3 · Cited by 260 · see citing works
Liposits, Z., Phelix, C. F., & Paull, W. K. (1987) · Histochemistry and Cell Biology · doi:10.1007/bf00489545 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
Calogero, A. E., Bernardini, R., Margioris, A. N., Bagdy, G., Gallucci, W. T., Munson, P. J., Tamarkin, L., Tomai, T. P., Brady, L., Gold, P. W., et al. (1989) · Peptides · doi:10.1016/0196-9781(89)90096-x · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Gibbs, D. M., & Vale, W. (1983) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(83)91189-7 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Central Serotonin and Melanocortin Pathways Regulating Energy Homeostasis
Heisler, L. K., Cowley, M. A., Kishi, T., Tecott, L. H., Fan, W., Low, M. J., SMART, J. L., Rubinstein, M., Tatro, J. B., Zigman, J. M., et al. (2003) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb03177.x · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Self-citationCorticosteroid–serotonin interactions in depression: a review of the human evidence
Porter, R. J., Gallagher, P., Watson, S., & Young, A. H. (2004) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-004-1774-1 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Activation of the 5-HT1A receptor subtype increases rat plasma ACTH concentration
Gilbert, F., Brazell, C., Tricklebank, M. D., & Stahl, S. M. (1988) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/0014-2999(88)90178-1 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Inactivation of 5-HT2C Receptors Potentiates Consequences of Serotonin Reuptake Blockade
Cremers, T. I. F. H., Giorgetti, M., Bosker, F. J., Hogg, S., Arnt, J., Mørk, A., Honig, G., Bøgesø, K.-P., Westerink, B. H. C., den Boer, H., et al. (2004) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.npp.1300474 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Self-citationRaber, J., Koob, G. F., & Bloom, F. E. (1995) · Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/s0022-3565(25)24494-9 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Self-citationGold, P. W., & Chrousos, G. P. (1985) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/0306-4530(85)90080-0 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Biochemical and behavioral studies of the 5‐HT1B receptor agonist, CP‐94,253
Koe, B. K., Nielsen, J. A., Macor, J. E., et al. (1992) · Drug Development Research · doi:10.1002/ddr.430260305 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Bhatnagar, S., Sun, L. M., Raber, J., Maren, S., Julius, D. J., & Dallman, M. F. (2004) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2004.01.018 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Self-citationRaber, J., & Bloom, F. E. (1994) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.14-10-06187.1994 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Self-citationFuller, R. W., & Snoddy, H. D. (2008) · Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1159/000125586 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Effect of Serotonin-Releasing Drugs on Serum Corticosterone Concentration in Rats
Fuller, R. W., & Snoddy, H. D. (2008) · Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1159/000123057 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Pan, L., & Gilbert, F. (2008) · Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1159/000126332 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Desensitization of 5-HT1A Receptors by 5-HT2A Receptors in Neuroendocrine Neurons in Vivo
Zhang, Y., Gray, T. S., D’Souza, D. N., Carrasco, G. A., Damjanoska, K. J., Dudás, B., García, F., Zainelli, G. M., Sullivan, N. R., Battaglia, G., et al. (2004) · Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · doi:10.1124/jpet.103.062224 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Dexfenfluramine induces fos-like immunoreactivity in discrete brain regions in rats
Li, B.-H., & Rowland, N. E. (1993) · Brain Research Bulletin · doi:10.1016/0361-9230(93)90009-z · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Serotonergic Stimulation of Corticotropin‐Releasing Hormone and Pro‐Opiomelanocortin Gene Expression
Jørgensen, H., Knigge, U., Kjær, A., Møller, M., & Warberg, J. (2002) · Journal of Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2826.2002.00839.x · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Broocks, A., Bandelow, B., George, A., Jestrabeck, C., Opitz, M., Bartmann, U., Gleiter, C. H., Meineke, I., Roed, I. S., Rüther, E., et al. (2000) · International Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1097/00004850-200015030-00004 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Cushing's Syndrome, Tryptophan and Depression
Kelly, W. F., Checkley, S. A., & Bender, D. A. (1980) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.136.2.125 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Bagdy, G., Calogero, A. E., Aulakh, C. S., Szemeredi, K., & Murphy, D. L. (2008) · Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1159/000125248 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Serotonin 2C receptor knockout mice: Autoradiographic analysis of multiple serotonin receptors
López‐Giménez, J. F., Tecott, L. H., PALACIOS, J. M., et al. (2001) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.10072 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Self-citationHerman, J. P., Wiegand, S. J., & Watson, S. J. (1990) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-127-5-2408 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Pronchuk, N., Beck‐Sickinger, A. G., & Colmers, W. F. (2002) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo.143.2.8655 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Self-citationA negative feedback system between brain serotonin systems and plasma active ghrelin levels in mice
Nonogaki, K., Nozue, K., & Oka, Y. (2006) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.01.021 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Self-citationCalogero, A. E., Bagdy, G., Moncada, M. L., & D’Agata, R. (1993) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1677/joe.0.1360381 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Javed, A., Kamradt, M., de Kar, L. D. V., et al. (1999) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/s0306-4522(98)00523-5 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
The 5-hydroxytryptamine agonist fenfluramine increases fos-like immunoreactivity in the brain
Richard, D., Rivest, S., & RIVIER, C. L. (1992) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(92)91037-f · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Silverstone, P. H., Rue, J., Franklin, M., et al. (1994) · International Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1097/00004850-199409000-00005 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
A role for melanin-concentrating hormone in the central regulation of feeding behaviour
Qu, D., Ludwig, D. S., Gammeltoft, S., et al. (1996) · Regulatory Peptides · doi:10.1016/0167-0115(96)88033-5 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Laflamme, N., Bovetto, S., Richard, D., & Rivest, S. (1996) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1996.tb16692.x · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Sevy, S. M., Brown, S., Wetzler, S. E., Kotler, M., Molcho, A., Plutchik, R., & van Praag, H. M. (1994) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/0165-1781(94)90051-5 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Lee, M. D., Somerville, E. M., Kennett, G. A., et al. (2004) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.0953-816x.2004.03406.x · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Vielhaber, K., Riemann, D. W., Feige, B., Kuelz, A., Kirschbaum, C., & Voderholzer, U. (2005) · Pharmacopsychiatry · doi:10.1055/s-2005-837808 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Cowley, M. A., Chen, C., & Clarke, I. J. (1999) · Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1159/000054426 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Hu, S.-B., Lightman, S. L., & Tannahill, L. A. (1992) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(92)90826-u · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Hypersensitivity of the Corticotropic Axis to the Serotoninergic Agent Clomipramine in Obese Women
Laferrère, B., Lahlou, N., Saltiel, H., Roger, M., Basdevant, A., Oppert, J., & Guy-grand, B. (1994) · Obesity Research · doi:10.1002/j.1550-8528.1994.tb00072.x · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Hoyer D (1989) 5-Hydroxytryptamine receptors and effector coupling mechanisms in peripheral tissues. In: Peripheral actions of 5-HT (Fozard J, ed), pp 72-99. Oxford: Oxford UP.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Rodgers, A. B., Morgan, C. P., Bronson, S. L., Revello, S., & Bale, T. L. (2013) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0914-13.2013 · Cited by 814 · see citing works
Sheng, J. A., Bales, N. J., Myers, S. A., Bautista, A. I., Roueinfar, M., Hale, T. M., & Handa, R. J. (2021) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2020.601939 · Cited by 418 · see citing works
Gonadal steroid hormones and the hypothalamo–pituitary–adrenal axis
Handa, R. J., & Weiser, M. J. (2014) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2013.11.001 · Cited by 408 · see citing works
Signalling cognition: The gut microbiota and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis
Rusch, J. A., Layden, B. T., & Dugas, L. R. (2023) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2023.1130689 · Cited by 415 · see citing works
The human hypothalamus in mood disorders: The HPA axis in the center
Bao, A.-M., & Swaab, D. F. (2019) · IBRO Reports · doi:10.1016/j.ibror.2018.11.008 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
The molecular physiology of CRH neurons
Aguilera, G., & Liu, Y. (2012) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2011.08.002 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Armbruster, D., Mueller, A., Strobel, A., Lesch, K.-P., Brocke, B., & Kirschbaum, C. (2012) · The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1017/s1461145711001763 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Gestational Factors throughout Fetal Neurodevelopment: The Serotonin Link
Hanswijk, S. I., Spoelder, M., Shan, L., Verheij, M. M. M., Muilwijk, O. G., Li, W., Liu, C., Kolk, S. M., & Homberg, J. R. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21165850 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Gut-brain axis serotonergic responses to acute stress exposure are microbiome-dependent
Lyte, J. M., Gheorghe, C. E., Goodson, M. S., Kelley‐Loughnane, N., Dinan, T. G., Cryan, J. F., & Clarke, G. (2020) · Neurogastroenterology & Motility · doi:10.1111/nmo.13881 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Singh, L., Kaur, A., Bhatti, M. S., & Bhatti, R. (2019) · Neurochemical Research · doi:10.1007/s11064-019-02805-5 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Zannas, A. S., McQuoid, D. R., Payne, M. E., Steffens, D. C., MacFall, J. R., Ashley-Koch, A., & Taylor, W. D. (2013) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2013.02.008 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Brummett, B. H., Kuhn, C. M., Boyle, S. H., Babyak, M. A., Siegler, I. C., & Williams, R. B. (2012) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2011.09.013 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Central nervous system-acting drugs influencing hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function
Locatelli, V., Bresciani, E., Tamiazzo, L., & Torsello, A. (2010) · Endocrine development · doi:10.1159/000262533 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Paes, L. A., Torre, O. H. D., Henriques, T. B., de Mello, M. P., Celeri, E. H. R. V., Dalgalarrondo, P., Guerra Júnior, G., & dos Santos Júnior, A. (2018) · Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research · doi:10.1590/1414-431x20187252 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
- Authors
- Heisler, L. K., Pronchuk, N., Nonogaki, K., Zhou, L., Raber, J., Tung, L., Yeo, G. S. H., O'Rahilly, S., Colmers, W. F., Elmquist, J. K., & Tecott, L. H.
- Affiliations
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- University of Alberta (CA)
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Oregon National Primate Research Center (US)
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Elmquist, J. K.
- Venue
- Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 2007-06-27
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 26
- Pages
- 6956-6964
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC6672238
- OpenAlex
- W2080867987
- Cited by
- 292
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 26 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 6.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Ellison Medical Foundation (AG-NS-0201)
- Giannini Foundation of Agricultural Economics
- National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression
- Wellcome Trust
- National Institutes of Health (AG-NS-0201)
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (MT10520)
- Medical Research Council
- National Institute on Aging (R01 AG 20904, R01AG020904)
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01 MH61624, R01MH061583, R01MH061624)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P01DK056116, R01DK065171, R01DK65171)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Keywords
- serotonin, 5-HT2C receptor, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, corticotropin-releasing factor, paraventricular nucleus, CRH neurons, 5-HT1D receptor, corticosterone release
- MeSH terms
- Adrenal Cortex Hormones, Animals, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Neurosecretory Systems, Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus, Pituitary-Adrenal System, RNA, Messenger, Serotonin, Stress, Physiological, Down-Regulation, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Mice, Knockout, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1D, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2C, Mice, Rats, Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Agonists
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
