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Glucagon-Like Peptide-1-Responsive Catecholamine Neurons in the Area Postrema Link Peripheral Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 with Central Autonomic Control Sites
Open accessAbstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) released from the gut is an incretin that stimulates insulin secretion. GLP-1 is also a brain neuropeptide that has diverse central actions, including inhibition of food and water intake, gastric emptying, and stimulation of neuroendocrine responses characteristic of visceral illness. Both intravenous and intracerebroventricular administration of GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists increase blood pressure and heart rate and induce Fos-like immunoreactivity (Fos-IR) in autonomic regulatory sites in the rat brain. The area postrema (AP) is a circumventricular organ and has been implicated in processing visceral sensory information. GLP-1Rs are densely expressed in the AP, and peripheral GLP-1R agonists induce Fos-IR in AP neurons to a greater degree than intracerebroventricular administration. Because the AP lacks a blood–brain barrier, we hypothesized that the AP is a key site for peripheral GLP-1 to activate central autonomic regulatory sites. In this study, we found that many tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-containing neurons in the AP expressed GLP-1Rs and Fos-IR after intravenous GLP-1R agonists. Furthermore, intravenous but not intracerebroventricular GLP-1R agonists induced TH transcription in the AP in vivo. In addition, GLP-1R agonists directly activated TH transcription in an in vitro cell system. Finally, we found that GLP-1-responsive TH neurons in the AP innervate autonomic control sites, including the parabrachial nucleus, nucleus of solitary tract, and ventrolateral medulla. These findings suggest that catecholamine neurons in the AP link peripheral GLP-1 and central autonomic control sites that mediate the diverse neuroendocrine and autonomic actions of peripheral GLP-1.
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There is evidence that GLP-1 increases sympathetic activity in rats.
“In addition to regulating glycemia, there is evidence that the neuropeptide GLP-1, administered peripherally or centrally, inhibits vagal activity in animals and humans (19, 50, 51) and increases sympathetic activity in rats (52, 53).”
From Effects of glucagon-like peptide-1, yohimbine, and nitrergic modulation on sympathetic and parasympathetic activity in humans (2008) · cites this paper as [52]
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Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Yamamoto, H., Kishi, T., Lee, C. E., Choi, B. J., Fang, H., Hollenberg, A. N., Drucker, D. J., & Elmquist, J. K.
- Affiliations
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (US)
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 2003-04-01
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 2939-2946
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC6742071
- OpenAlex
- W2152880048
- Cited by
- 294
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 5.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01dk059751-02)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P01DK056116, DK56116, DK 59751)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Keywords
- glucagon-like peptide-1, GLP-1 receptor, area postrema, catecholaminergic neurons, tyrosine hydroxylase, Fos expression, autonomic regulation, parabrachial nucleus, solitary tract nucleus, ventrolateral medulla, neuroendocrine response, incretins, blood pressure
- MeSH terms
- Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor, Exenatide, Animals, Catecholamines, Cell Line, Central Nervous System, Glucagon, Immunohistochemistry, Male, Neurons, Peptide Fragments, Peptides, Protein Precursors, RNA, Messenger, Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase, Venoms, Transcriptional Activation, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, In Situ Hybridization, Solitary Nucleus, Autonomic Pathways, Receptors, Glucagon, Area Postrema, Rats, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
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