Metformin induces weight loss associated with gut microbiota alteration in non-diabetic obese women: a randomized double-blind clinical trial
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: The increasing prevalence of obesity over the past few decades constitutes a global health challenge. Pharmacological therapy is recommended to accompany life-style modification for obesity management. Here, we perform a clinical trial to investigate the effects of metformin on anthropometric indices and gut microbiota composition in non-diabetic, treatment-naive obese women with a low-calorie diet (LCD). DESIGN: Randomized double-blind parallel-group clinical trial. METHODS: Forty-six obese women were randomly assigned to the metformin (500 mg/tab) or placebo groups using computer-generated random numbers. Subjects in both groups took two tablets per day for 2 months. Anthropometric measurements and collection of blood and fecal samples were done at the baseline and at the end of the trial. Gut microbiota composition was assessed using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. RESULTS: Twenty-four and twenty-two subjects were included in the metformin + LCD and placebo + LCD groups, respectively; at the end of trial, 20 and 16 subjects were analyzed. The metformin + LCD and placebo + LCD caused a 4.5 and 2.6% decrease in BMI from the baseline values, respectively (P < 0.01). Insulin concentration decreased in the metformin + LCD group (P = 0.046). The overall fecal microbiota composition and diversity were unaffected in the metformin + LCD group. However, a significant specific increase in Escherichia/Shigella abundance was observed after metformin + LCD intervention (P = 0.026). Fecal acetate concentration, but not producers, was significantly higher in the placebo + LCD group, adjusted for baseline values and BMI (P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Despite the weight reduction after metformin intake, the overall fecal microbiota composition remained largely unchanged in obese women, with exception of changes in specific proteobacterial groups.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Metformin decreases body weight in both diabetic and non-diabetic individuals.
“In contrast to other antidiabetic drugs including insulin, metformin can lead independently to glycemic control and weight loss by decreasing food intake in both diabetic and non-diabetic individuals (18–20).”
From GDF-15 as a Weight Watcher for Diabetic and Non-Diabetic People Treated With Metformin (2020) · cites this paper as [20]
Metformin induced significant weight loss compared with placebo in non-diabetic obese women, and this effect was associated with gut microbiota alteration.
“Ejtahed et al. (20) demonstrated in a RCT that metformin induced significant weight loss compared with placebo, and this effect was associated with gut microbiota alteration in non-diabetic obese women.”
From GDF-15 as a Weight Watcher for Diabetic and Non-Diabetic People Treated With Metformin (2020) · cites this paper as [20]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
1 retracted
Million, M., Angelakis, E., Maraninchi, M., Henry, M., Giorgi, R., Valero, R., Vialettes, B., & Raoult, D. (2013) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/ijo.2013.20 · Cited by 362 · see citing works
RetractedControlling the False Discovery Rate: A Practical and Powerful Approach to Multiple Testing
Benjamini, Y., & Hochberg, Y. (1995) · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B: Statistical Methodology · doi:10.1111/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x · Cited by 109,482 · see citing works
DADA2: High–resolution sample inference from Illumina amplicon data
Callahan, B. J., McMurdie, P. J., Rosen, M. J., Han, A. W., Johnson, A. J. A., & Holmes, S. P. (2016) · Nature Methods · doi:10.1038/nmeth.3869 · Cited by 35,698 · see citing works
Naive Bayesian Classifier for Rapid Assignment of rRNA Sequences into the New Bacterial Taxonomy
Wang, Q., Garrity, G. M., Tiedje, J. M., & Cole, J. R. (2007) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.00062-07 · Cited by 19,770 · see citing works
Human gut microbiome viewed across age and geography
Yatsunenko, T., Rey, F. E., Manary, M. J., Trehan, I., Dominguez-Bello, M. G., Contreras, M., Magris, M., Hidalgo, G., Baldassano, R. N., Anokhin, A. P., et al. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature11053 · Cited by 7,815 · see citing works
Gut metagenome in European women with normal, impaired and diabetic glucose control
Karlsson, F. H., Tremaroli, V., Nookaew, I., Bergström, G., Behre, C. J., Fagerberg, B., Nielsen, J., & Bäckhed, F. (2013) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature12198 · Cited by 3,115 · see citing works
Environment dominates over host genetics in shaping human gut microbiota
Rothschild, D., Weissbrod, O., Barkan, E., Kurilshikov, A., Korem, T., Zeevi, D., Costea, P. I., Godneva, A., Kalka, I. N., Bar, N., et al. (2018) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature25973 · Cited by 2,859 · see citing works
Population-level analysis of gut microbiome variation
Falony, G., Joossens, M., Vieira-Silva, S., Wang, J., Darzi, Y., Faust, K., Kurilshikov, A., Bonder, M. J., Valles-Colomer, M., Vandeputte, D., et al. (2016) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aad3503 · Cited by 2,400 · see citing works
Self-citationDisentangling type 2 diabetes and metformin treatment signatures in the human gut microbiota
MetaHIT consortium, Forslund, K., Hildebrand, F., Nielsen, T., Falony, G., Le Chatelier, E., Sunagawa, S., Prifti, E., Vieira-Silva, S., Gudmundsdottir, V., et al. (2015) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature15766 · Cited by 2,116 · see citing works
Self-citationDao, M. C., Everard, A., Aron-Wisnewsky, J., Sokolovska, N., Prifti, E., Verger, E. O., Kayser, B. D., Levenez, F., Chilloux, J., Hoyles, L., et al. (2016) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2014-308778 · Cited by 1,931 · see citing works
Population-based metagenomics analysis reveals markers for gut microbiome composition and diversity
Zhernakova, A., Kurilshikov, A., Bonder, M. J., Tigchelaar, E. F., Schirmer, M., Vatanen, T., Mujagic, Z., Vila, A. V., Falony, G., Vieira-Silva, S., et al. (2016) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aad3369 · Cited by 1,914 · see citing works
Self-citationWu, H., Esteve, E., Tremaroli, V., Khan, M. T., Caesar, R., Mannerås-Holm, L., Ståhlman, M., Olsson, L. M., Serino, M., Planas-Fèlix, M., et al. (2017) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.4345 · Cited by 1,632 · see citing works
Obesity and Severe Obesity Forecasts Through 2030
Finkelstein, E. A., Khavjou, O., Thompson, H. F., Trogdon, J. G., Pan, L., Sherry, B., & Dietz, W. H. (2012) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2011.10.026 · Cited by 1,418 · see citing works
Reliability and relative validity of an FFQ for nutrients in the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study
Mirmiran, P., Hosseini Esfahani, F., Mehrabi, Y., Hedayati, M., & Azizi, F. (2010) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s1368980009991698 · Cited by 1,292 · see citing works
Host-Derived Nitrate Boosts Growth of <i>E. coli</i> in the Inflamed Gut
Winter, S. E., Winter, M. G., Xavier, M. N., Thiennimitr, P., Poon, V., Keestra, A. M., Laughlin, R. C., Gomez, G., Wu, J., Lawhon, S. D., et al. (2013) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1232467 · Cited by 1,019 · see citing works
Hosseini Esfahani, F., Asghari, G., Mirmiran, P., & Azizi, F. (2010) · Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.2188/jea.je20090083 · Cited by 880 · see citing works
Dirichlet Multinomial Mixtures: Generative Models for Microbial Metagenomics
Holmes, I. H., Harris, K. J., & Quince, C. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0030126 · Cited by 834 · see citing works
Roseburia Spp.: A Marker of Health?
Tamanai‐Shacoori, Z., Smida, I., Bousarghin, L., Loréal, O., Meuric, V., Fong, S. B., Bonnaure‐Mallet, M., & Jolivet‐Gougeon, A. (2017) · Future Microbiology · doi:10.2217/fmb-2016-0130 · Cited by 751 · see citing works
de la Cuesta-Zuluaga, J., Mueller, N. T., Corrales-Agudelo, V., Velásquez-Mejía, E. P., Carmona, J. A., Abad, J. M., & Escobar, J. S. (2017) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc16-1324 · Cited by 704 · see citing works
Zhang, X., Zhao, Y., Xu, J., Xue, Z., Zhang, M., Pang, X., Zhang, X., & Zhao, L. (2015) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep14405 · Cited by 630 · see citing works
Individual diet has sex-dependent effects on vertebrate gut microbiota
Bolnick, D. I., Snowberg, L. K., Hirsch, P. E., Lauber, C. L., Org, E., Parks, B. W., Lusis, A. J., Knight, R. D., Caporaso, J. G., & Svanbäck, R. (2014) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms5500 · Cited by 598 · see citing works
Piché, M.-E., Poirier, P., Lemieux, I., & Després, J.-P. (2018) · Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2018.06.004 · Cited by 558 · see citing works
Sex, body mass index, and dietary fiber intake influence the human gut microbiome
Dominianni, C., Sinha, R., Goedert, J. J., Pei, Z., Yang, L., Hayes, R. B., & Ahn, J. (2015) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0124599 · Cited by 468 · see citing works
Tong, X., Xu, J. Y., Lian, F., Yu, X., Zhao, Y., Xu, L., Zhang, M. H., Zhao, X., Shen, J., Wu, S., et al. (2018) · mBio · doi:10.1128/mbio.02392-17 · Cited by 376 · see citing works
Breton, J., Tennoune, N., Lucas, N., Francois, M., Legrand, R., Jacquemot, J., Goichon, A., Guérin, C., Peltier, J., Pestel-Caron, M., et al. (2016) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2015.10.017 · Cited by 321 · see citing works
A taxonomic signature of obesity in a large study of American adults
Peters, B. A., Shapiro, J. A., Church, T. R., Miller, G., Trinh‐Shevrin, C., Yuen, E., Friedlander, C., Hayes, R. B., & Ahn, J. (2018) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-28126-1 · Cited by 315 · see citing works
LotuS: an efficient and user-friendly OTU processing pipeline
Hildebrand, F., Tadeo, R., Voigt, A. Y., Peer Bork, B., & Raes, J. (2014) · Microbiome · doi:10.1186/2049-2618-2-30 · Cited by 307 · see citing works
Self-citationTseng, C.-H., & Wu, C. (2018) · Journal of the Formosan Medical Association · doi:10.1016/j.jfma.2018.07.009 · Cited by 278 · see citing works
Brief Report: Dialister as a Microbial Marker of Disease Activity in Spondyloarthritis
Tito, R. Y., Cypers, H., Joossens, M., Varkas, G., Praet, L. V., Glorieus, E., den Bosch, F. E. V., Vos, M. D., Raes, J., & Elewaut, D. S. (2016) · Arthritis & Rheumatology · doi:10.1002/art.39802 · Cited by 277 · see citing works
Self-citationHjorth, M. F., Blædel, T., Bendtsen, L. Q., Lorenzen, J. K., Holm, J. B., Kiilerich, P., Roager, H. M., Kristiansen, K., Larsen, L. H., & Astrup, A. V. (2018) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/s41366-018-0093-2 · Cited by 262 · see citing works
Effectiveness of Metformin on Weight Loss in Non-Diabetic Individuals with Obesity
Seifarth, C., Schehler, B., & Schneider, H. (2012) · Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes · doi:10.1055/s-0032-1327734 · Cited by 258 · see citing works
Heritable components of the human fecal microbiome are associated with visceral fat
Beaumont, M., Goodrich, J. K., Jackson, M. A., Yet, İ., Davenport, E., Vieira‐Silva, S., Debelius, J. W., Pallister, T., Mangino, M., Raes, J., et al. (2016) · Genome biology · doi:10.1186/s13059-016-1052-7 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
Self-citationEffects of metformin on weight loss: potential mechanisms
Malin, S. K., & Kashyap, S. R. (2014) · Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes & Obesity · doi:10.1097/med.0000000000000095 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
Roager, H. M., Licht, T. R., Poulsen, S. K., Larsen, T. M., & Bahl, M. I. (2014) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.03549-13 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Prevalence of obesity and overweight in adults and children in Iran; a systematic review
Jafari-Adli, S., Jouyandeh, Z., Qorbani, M., Soroush, A., Larijani, B. A., & Hasani‐Ranjbar, S. (2014) · Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders · doi:10.1186/s40200-014-0121-2 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Self-citationEpidemiology of Obesity and Associated Comorbidities
Andolfi, C., & Fisichella, P. M. (2018) · Journal of Laparoendoscopic & Advanced Surgical Techniques · doi:10.1089/lap.2018.0380 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Haro, C., García‐Carpintero, S., Rangel‐Zúñiga, O. A., Alcalá‐Díaz, J. F., Landa, B. B., Clemente, J. C., Pérez‐Martínez, P., López‐Miranda, J., Pérez‐Jiménez, F., & Camargo, A. (2017) · Molecular Nutrition & Food Research · doi:10.1002/mnfr.201700300 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Effects of Antidiabetic Drugs on Gut Microbiota Composition
Montandon, S., & Jornayvaz, F. (2017) · Genes · doi:10.3390/genes8100250 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Ejtahed, H., Soroush, A. R., Angoorani, P., Larijani, B. A., & Hasani‐Ranjbar, S. (2016) · Hormone and Metabolic Research · doi:10.1055/s-0042-107792 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Self-citationRodriguez, J., Hiel, S., & Delzenne, N. M. (2018) · Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care · doi:10.1097/mco.0000000000000468 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Environment dominates over host genetics in shaping human gut microbiota
Rothschild, D., Weissbrod, O., Barkan, E., Kurilshikov, A., Korem, T., Zeevi, D., Costea, P. I., Godneva, A., Kalka, I. N., & Bar, N. (2018) · Yearbook of pediatric endocrinology · doi:10.1530/ey.15.14.5 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Malin, S. K., Nightingale, J., Choi, S., Chipkin, S. R., & Braun, B. (2013) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.20235 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Rosário, D., Benfeitas, R., Bidkhori, G., Zhang, C., Uhlén, M., Shoaie, S., & Mardinoğlu, A. (2018) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.00775 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Obesity and Severe Obesity Forecasts Through 2030
(2012) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0749-3797(12)00266-8 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Confounding Effects of Metformin on the Human Gut Microbiome in Type 2 Diabetes
Mardinoğlu, A., Borén, J., & Smith, U. (2016) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2015.12.012 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Graff, S. K., Mario, F. M., Ziegelmann, P., & Spritzer, P. M. (2016) · International Journal of Clinical Practice · doi:10.1111/ijcp.12787 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Ma, W., Chen, J., Meng, Y., Yang, J., Cui, Q., & Zhou, Y. (2018) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.01336 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Heritable components of the human fecal microbiome are associated with visceral fat
Roy, C. I. L., Beaumont, M., Jackson, M. A., Steves, C. J., Spector, T. D., & Bell, J. T. (2017) · Gut Microbes · doi:10.1080/19490976.2017.1356556 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Ejtahed, H., Angoorani, P., Hasani‐Ranjbar, S., Siadat, S. D., Ghasemi, N., Larijani, B. A., & Soroush, A. (2018) · Microbial Pathogenesis · doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2017.12.074 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Self-citationSchütt, M., Zimmermann, A., Hood, R., Hummel, M., Seufert, J., Siegel, E. G., Tytko, A., Holl, R. W., & for the DPV initiative and the German BMBF Competence Network Diabetes mellitus (2015) · Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes · doi:10.1055/s-0035-1559608 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Ondansetron and Metformin-Induced Gastrointestinal Side Effects
Hoffmann, I., Roa, M., Torrico, F., & Cubeddu, L. X. (2003) · American Journal of Therapeutics · doi:10.1097/00045391-200311000-00012 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Human Microbiome as an Approach to Personalized Medicine.
Ejtahed, H., Hasani‐Ranjbar, S., & Larijani, B. A. (2017) · PubMed · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citationMetformin exerts anti-obesity effect via gut microbiome modulation in prediabetics: A hypothesis
Maniar, K., Moideen, A., Bhattacharyya, R., & Banerjee, D. (2017) · Medical Hypotheses · doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2017.06.001 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Malin, S. K., Nightingale, J., Choi, S.-E., Chipkin, S. R., & Braun, B. (2012) · Obesity · doi:10.1038/oby.2012.133 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Primary care management of obesity
Hensley, R. D. (2018) · The Nurse Practitioner · doi:10.1097/01.npr.0000534941.27466.0b · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Rodriguez J, Hiel S, Delzenne NM. Metformin: old friend, new ways of action- implication of the gut microbiome? Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2018;21(4):294-301.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Gut microbiota in the pathogenesis and therapeutic approaches of diabetes
Crudele, L., Gadaleta, R. M., Cariello, M., & Moschetta, A. (2023) · eBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104821 · Cited by 251 · see citing works
The influence of the gut microbiota on the bioavailability of oral drugs
Zhang, X., Han, Y., Huang, W., Jin, M., & Gao, Z. (2020) · Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B · doi:10.1016/j.apsb.2020.09.013 · Cited by 246 · see citing works
Effects of Metformin on the Gut Microbiota in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Zhang, Q., & Hu, N. (2020) · Diabetes Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity · doi:10.2147/dmso.s286430 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Considering gut microbiota in treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Adeshirlarijaney, A., & Gewirtz, A. T. (2020) · Gut Microbes · doi:10.1080/19490976.2020.1717719 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Modulating the Microbiota as a Therapeutic Intervention for Type 2 Diabetes
Huda, M. N., Kim, M., & Bennett, B. J. (2021) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2021.632335 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Koutoukidis, D. A., Jebb, S. A., Zimmerman, M., Otunla, A. A., Henry, J. A., Ferrey, A. E., Schofield, E., Kinton, J., Aveyard, P. N., & Marchesi, J. R. (2022) · Gut Microbes · doi:10.1080/19490976.2021.2020068 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Xue, J., Li, X., Liu, P., Li, K., Sha, L., Yang, X., Zhu, L., Wang, Z., Dong, Y., Zhang, L., et al. (2019) · Endocrine Journal · doi:10.1507/endocrj.ej18-0567 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Effects of metformin on the gut microbiota: A systematic review
Petakh, P., Kamyshna, I. I., & Kamyshnyi, O. (2023) · Molecular Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101805 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Ejtahed, H., Tavassol, Z. H., Khatami, S., Zangeneh, M., Behrouzi, A., Badi, S. A., Moshiri, A., Hasani‐Ranjbar, S., Soroush, A., Vaziri, F., et al. (2020) · Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders · doi:10.1007/s40200-020-00502-7 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Self-citationLiu, W., Luo, Z., Zhou, J., & Sun, B. (2022) · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fcimb.2022.853771 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Ziqubu, K., Mazibuko-Mbeje, S. E., Mthembu, S. X. H., Mabhida, S. E., Jack, B. U., Nyambuya, T. M., Nkambule, B. B., Basson, A. K., Tiano, L., & Dludla, P. V. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms24032227 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Direct and Indirect Evidence of Effects of Bacteroides spp. on Obesity and Inflammation
Wu, L., Park, S., & Kim, H. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25010438 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Risk Factors, Clinical Consequences, Prevention, and Treatment of Childhood Obesity
Shaban Mohamed, M. A., AbouKhatwa, M. M., Saifullah, A. A., Hareez Syahmi, M., Mosaad, M., Elrggal, M. E., Dehele, I. S., & Elnaem, M. H. (2022) · Children · doi:10.3390/children9121975 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Huang, X., Hong, X., Wang, J., Sun, T., Yu, T., Yu, Y., Fang, J., & Xiong, H. (2020) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.103037 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Cao, T. T. B., Wu, K., Hsu, J., Chang, C., Chou, C., Lin, C.-Y., Liao, Y.-M., Lin, P.-C., Yang, L., & Lin, H. (2020) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2020.573891 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Mezhibovsky, E., Knowles, K. A., He, Q., Sui, K., Tveter, K. M., Duran, R. M., & Roopchand, D. E. (2021) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2021.675267 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Microbiota-Nourishing Immunity: A Guide to Understanding Our Microbial Self
Litvak, Y., & Bäumler, A. J. (2019) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2019.08.003 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Gut microbiota in adolescent girls with polycystic ovary syndrome: Effects of randomized treatments
García-Beltrán, C., Malpique, R., Carbonetto, B., González‐Torres, P., Henares, D., Brotons, P., Muñoz‐Almagro, C., López‐Bermejo, A., de Zegher, F., & Ibáñez, L. (2020) · Pediatric Obesity · doi:10.1111/ijpo.12734 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Our Little Friends with Big Roles: Alterations of the Gut Microbiota in Thyroid Disorders
Ejtahed, H., Angoorani, P., Soroush, A., Siadat, S. D., Shirzad, N., Hasani‐Ranjbar, S., & Larijani, B. A. (2019) · Endocrine Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets · doi:10.2174/1871530319666190930110605 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citationGDF-15 as a Weight Watcher for Diabetic and Non-Diabetic People Treated With Metformin
Ouyang, J., Isnard, S., Lin, J., Fombuena, B., Peng, X., Chen, Y., & Routy, J.-P. (2020) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2020.581839 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Feng, X., Wang, D., Hu, L., Lu, H., Ling, B., Huang, Y., & Jiang, Q. (2022) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.962775 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Zhang, K., Zhang, Q., Qiu, H., Ma, Y., Hou, N., Zhang, J., Kan, C., Han, F., Sun, X., & Shi, J. (2024) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37609 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Metformin, a biological and synthetic overview
Hernández‐Velázquez, E. D., Betancourt, C. A., Alonso‐Castro, Á. J., Ortíz‐Alvarado, R., López, J. A., Meza‐Carmen, V., & Solorio‐Alvarado, C. R. (2023) · Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters · doi:10.1016/j.bmcl.2023.129241 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Petakh, P., Kamyshna, I. I., Nykyforuk, A., Yao, R., Imbery, J. F., Oksenych, V., Korda, M. M., & Kamyshnyi, O. (2022) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v14030477 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Petakh, P., Kamyshna, I. I., Oksenych, V., Kainov, D. E., & Kamyshnyi, O. (2023) · Pharmaceuticals · doi:10.3390/ph16060904 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Molina‐Vega, M., César, M. J. P., Gutiérrez‐Repiso, C., Fernández‐Valero, A., Lima-Rubio, F., González‐Romero, S., Moreno‐Indias, I., & Tinahones, F. J. (2021) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112465 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Glaros, S. B., Mishra, S. P., Jain, S., Davis, F., Gabel, S. A., Mueller, G. A., Jarmusch, A. K., Mabundo, L. S., Courville, A. B., Walter, M. F., et al. (2025) · Gut Microbes · doi:10.1080/19490976.2025.2558071 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Anwardeen, N. R., Naja, K., & Elrayess, M. A. (2024) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2024.1506767 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Diez‐Echave, P., Vezza, T., Rodríguez‐Nogales, A., Hidalgo‐Garcia, L., Garrido‐Mesa, J., Ruiz‐Malagón, A. J., Molina‐Tijeras, J. A., Romero, M., Robles‐Vera, I., Leyva‐Jiménez, F. J., et al. (2020) · Molecular Nutrition & Food Research · doi:10.1002/mnfr.202000005 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Pastor‐Villaescusa, B., Plaza‐Díaz, J., Egea-Zorrilla, A., Leis, R., Bueno, G., Hoyos, R., Vázquez‐Cobela, R., Latorre-Millán, M., Cañete, M. D., Caballero‐Villarraso, J., et al. (2020) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111117 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Gao, Y., Zhao, T., Lv, N., Liu, S., Yuan, T., Fu, Y., Zhao, W., & Zhu, B. (2024) · Endocrine · doi:10.1007/s12020-024-03828-x · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Metformin ameliorates maternal high-fat diet-induced maternal dysbiosis and fetal liver apoptosis
Huang, S., Ou, Y., Tang, K.-S., Yu, H., Huang, L., Tain, Y., Lin, I.-C., Sheen, J., Hou, C., Tsai, C., et al. (2021) · Lipids in Health and Disease · doi:10.1186/s12944-021-01521-w · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Gut microbiome: New perspectives for type 2 diabetes prevention and treatment
Li, S.-X., & Guo, Y. (2023) · World Journal of Clinical Cases · doi:10.12998/wjcc.v11.i31.7508 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Pharmacomicrobiomics in Western Medicine and Traditional Chinese Medicine in Type 2 Diabetes
Chu, N. H. S., Chan, J. C. N., & Chow, E. (2022) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.857090 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Proffitt, C., Bidkhori, G., Moyes, D. L., & Shoaie, S. (2020) · Microorganisms · doi:10.3390/microorganisms8091381 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
The landscape of microbiota research in Iran; a bibliometric and network analysis
Aazami, H., Dehghanbanadaki, H., Ejtahed, H., Fahimfar, N., Razi, F., Soroush, A., Hasani‐Ranjbar, S., Pasalar, P., Badi, S. A., Siadat, S. D., et al. (2020) · Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders · doi:10.1007/s40200-020-00488-2 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Self-citationLakshmanan, A. P., Kohil, A., Assadi, F. E., Zaidan, S. A., Alabduljabbar, S., Bangarusamy, D. K., Khalaf, F. A., Petrovski, G., & Terranegra, A. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13030836 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Guo, Y., Zhang, N., & Pei, D. (2025) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2025.1645298 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
A diet high in FODMAPs as a novel dietary strategy in diabetes?
Chu, N. H. S., Chan, J. C. N., & Chow, E. (2022) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2022.07.036 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Hernández‐Velázquez, E. D., Herrera, M. D., Betancourt, C. A., Navarro‐Santos, P., Ortíz‐Alvarado, R., & Solorio‐Alvarado, C. R. (2023) · Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry · doi:10.1002/ajoc.202300200 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Hasani‐Ranjbar, S., Tavassol, Z. H., Malmir, H., Ejtahed, H., Ebrahimi, M. T., & Larijani, B. A. (2024) · Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders · doi:10.1007/s40200-024-01400-y · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Self-citationthe ABLE-MET Investigators, Ono, K., Wada, H., Satoh‐Asahara, N., Inoue, H., Uehara, K., Funada, J., Ogo, A., Horie, T., Fujita, M., et al. (2019) · American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs · doi:10.1007/s40256-019-00381-1 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
El‐Khateeb, E., Elberri, E. I., Mosalam, E. M., Nooh, M. Z., Abdelsattar, S., Alghamdi, A. M., Alrubia, S., & Abdallah, M. S. (2023) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2023.1153653 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Zhang, C., Sha, Y., Liu, H., Guo, D., Jiang, Y., Hong, L., Shi, L., & Huang, H. (2020) · Translational Cancer Research · doi:10.21037/tcr.2020.03.36 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Serum Metabolome Mediates the Antiobesity Effect of Celastrol-Induced Gut Microbial Alterations
Xu, S., Lyu, L., Zhu, H., Huang, X., Xu, W., Xu, W., Feng, Y., & Fan, Y. (2021) · Journal of Proteome Research · doi:10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00513 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Ali, A. S., Tahir, K., Kim, B., Lim, Y., & Lee, D. S. (2023) · Fuel · doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2023.130237 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Ray, A. K., Shukla, A., Yadav, A., Kaur, U. S., Singh, A. K., Mago, P., Bhavesh, N. S., Chaturvedi, R., Tandon, R., Shalimar, S., et al. (2024) · Biochemical Genetics · doi:10.1007/s10528-024-10847-w · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Gut microbiome diversity measures for metabolic conditions: a systematic scoping reviewPreprint
Samuthpongtorn, C., Nopsopon, T., & Pongpirul, K. (2021) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2021.06.25.21259549 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Mechanistic Links Between the Gut Microbiome and Longevity Therapeutics
Garzon-Escamilla, N., Medina-Cardena, M., Roy, P., Trent, J., Jamous, J., Somesan, Y., & Denslow, S. (2026) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines14020316 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Microbiota research in Iran; current knowledge and future perspective
Ejtahed, H., Hasani‐Ranjbar, S., Soroush, A., Siadat, S. D., & Larijani, B. A. (2021) · Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders · doi:10.1007/s40200-020-00703-0 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citationBioactive compounds in diabetes care and prevention
Ahmed, M. N., Dable-Tupas, G., Rahmatullah, M., Ratta, K., Michael, M., & Ghosh, R. (2022) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-824412-8.00014-x · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Al-Qudah, S. A., Al-Hamaideh, K. D., Dmour, I. M., & Sbaihi, S. A. (2022) · Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science · doi:10.7324/japs.2022.120818 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Metformin hijacks AMPK-ERK1/2 signaling to trigger a pathogenic “selection trap” and thymic atrophy
Qian, Y., Zhang, J., Liu, S., & Qin, Y. (2025) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2025.116762 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
The Therapeutic Optimization of the Gut Microbiota in Diabetes Management
Davidson, P., Davidson, D., Loesch, J., & Limgrover, A. (2020) · ADCES in Practice · doi:10.1177/2633559x20911730
Impact drugs targeting cardiometabolic risk on the gut microbiota
Balvers, M., van den Born, B. H., Levin, E., & Nieuwdorp, M. (2020) · Current Opinion in Lipidology · doi:10.1097/mol.0000000000000727
Multidimensional perspective of obesity; prevention to treatment
Ejtahed, H., Hasani‐Ranjbar, S., Soroush, A., & Larijani, B. A. (2021) · Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders · doi:10.1007/s40200-020-00705-y
Self-citationExtracellular Vesicles Derived from Gastrointestinal Microbiota: A New Approach to Clinical Studies
Tavassol, Z. H., Marvasti, F. E., Hasani‐Ranjbar, S., Ejtahed, H., Siadat, S. D., & Larijani, B. A. (2021) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)
Self-citationAron, R. A. C., Ţiţ, D. M., Moleriu, R. D., Vesa, C. M., BUNGAU, S., Tarce, A. G., Behl, T., & BUNGAU, S. G. (2021) · Archives of the Balkan Medical Union · doi:10.31688/abmu.2021.56.4.04
How Does Metformin Work in the Treatment of Obesity? A Review
Shalahuddin, M. S., & Rahmawati, R. P. (2022) · doi:10.2991/978-94-6463-048-0_4
The Investigation into Correlation between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and the Gut Microbiota
Liu, S., & Zhu, A. M. (2025) · Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases · doi:10.4236/ojemd.2025.1511022
Microbial Dysbiosis and Metabolic Disorder
Kesavardhini, K., Saranraj, P., Subhalakshmi, U., Gayathri, K., & Lokeshwari, B. (2026) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/979-8-3373-4382-2.ch008
Gao, Y., Liu, C., & He, X. (2026) · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fcimb.2026.1840605
Zhu, G., Huang, Y., Huang, Y., & 杨文龙 (2026) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2026.1962068
- Authors
- Ejtahed, H.-S., Tito, R. Y., Siadat, S.-D., Hasani-Ranjbar, S., Hoseini-Tavassol, Z., Rymenans, L., Verbeke, K., Soroush, A.-R., Raes, J., & Larijani, B.
- Affiliations
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute (IR)
- KU Leuven (BE)
- Pasteur Institute of Iran (IR)
- 1Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- 3Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
- Corresponding author
- Raes, Jeroen
- ORCID
- Venue
- European Journal of Endocrinology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2019-03
- Volume
- 180
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 165-176
- ISSN
- 0804-4643 (ISSN-L)
- 1479-683X
- OpenAlex
- W2903633588
- Cited by
- 63
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 4
- FWCI
- 2.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- lirias.kuleuven.be
- Licence
- other-oa
- Locations
- European Journal of Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lirias (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- National Institute for Medical Research Development
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Pharmacology and Obesity Treatment
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Keywords
- metformin, obesity, weight loss, gut microbiota, hypocaloric diet, Escherichia-Shigella, insulin, body mass index, Proteobacteria
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review