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Cited by 61Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicalsSexual Differentiation and DisordersEstrogen and related hormone effects

Sex-specific Esr2 mRNA expression in the rat hypothalamus and amygdala is altered by neonatal bisphenol A exposure

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Cao, Jinyan, Joyner, Linwood, Mickens, Jillian A, Leyrer, Stephanie M, Patisaul, Heather B·2014·Reproduction
DOI 10.1530/rep-13-0501PMC PMC3947720
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Abstract

Perinatal life is a critical window for sexually dimorphic brain organization, and profoundly influenced by steroid hormones. Exposure to endocrine-disrupting compounds may disrupt this process, resulting in compromised reproductive physiology and behavior. To test the hypothesis that neonatal bisphenol A (BPA) exposure can alter sex-specific postnatal Esr2 (Erβ) expression in brain regions fundamental to sociosexual behavior, we mapped Esr2 mRNA levels in the principal nucleus of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNSTp), paraventricular nucleus (PVN), anterior portion of the medial amygdaloid nucleus (MeA), super optic nucleus, suprachiasmatic nucleus, and lateral habenula across postnatal days (PNDs) 0-19. Next, rat pups of both sexes were subcutaneously injected with 10 μg estradiol benzoate (EB), 50 μg/kg BPA (LBPA), or 50 mg/kg BPA (HBPA) over the first 3 days of life and Esr2 levels were quantified in each region of interest (ROI) on PNDs 4 and 10. EB exposure decreased Esr2 signal in most female ROIs and in the male PVN. In the BNSTp, Esr2 expression decreased in LBPA males and HBPA females on PND 10, thereby reversing the sex difference in expression. In the PVN, Esr2 mRNA levels were elevated in LBPA females, also resulting in a reversal of sexually dimorphic expression. In the MeA, BPA decreased Esr2 expression on PND 4. Collectively, these data demonstrate that region- and sex-specific Esr2 expression is vulnerable to neonatal BPA exposure in regions of the developing brain critical to sociosexual behavior in rat.

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  • Developmental exposure to doses as low as 2.5 μg/kg bw sex specifically alters the mRNA expression of ERα and ERβ in sexually dimorphic hypothalamic and limbic subnuclei in the neonatal and older rat brain.

    “For example, we have repeatedly shown that developmental exposure to doses as low as 2.5 µg/kg bw sex specifically alters the mRNA expression of ERα and ERβ in sexually dimorphic hypothalamic and limbic subnuclei in the neonatal and older rat brain (86–90).”

    From Endocrine Disruption of Vasopressin Systems and Related Behaviors (2017) · cites this paper as [89]

    The Discussion reports that a previous study found reduced ER expression in the neonatal rat hypothalamus and amygdala after maternal oral exposure at 2.5 or 25 µg/kg bw. This paper’s own BPA experiment measured ERβ mRNA in pups on postnatal days 4 and 10 after doses starting at 50 µg/kg. The cited paper therefore supports neonatal, region-specific effects, but does not establish the claimed changes in both ERα and ERβ at 2.5 µg/kg or in the older rat brain. (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Developmental BPA exposure can perturb ERα and ERβ gene expression throughout the rat hypothalamus and components of the mesolimbic dopamine system, including the PVN and BnST, across the lifespan.

    “We have repeatedly shown that developmental BPA exposure can perturb ERα and ERβ gene expression throughout the rat hypothalamus and components of the mesolimbic dopamine system, including the PVN and BnST (86–90), across the lifespan.”

    From Endocrine Disruption of Vasopressin Systems and Related Behaviors (2017) · cites this paper as [89]

    The Discussion reports that neonatal BPA altered ERβ expression in the BNSTp and PVN, supporting those specific regions. The Results (Experiment 2; page unavailable) measured BPA-related changes at postnatal days 4 and 10, not across the lifespan. This paper does not establish BPA-induced ERα changes or changes throughout the hypothalamus and mesolimbic dopamine system; it discusses ERα findings from companion studies. (LLM, conf=0.88)

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Authors
Cao, J., Joyner, L., Mickens, J. A., Leyrer, S. M., & Patisaul, H. B.
Affiliations
North Carolina State University (US)
ORCID
Venue
Reproduction
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2014-04-01
Volume
147
Issue
4
Pages
537-554
ISSN
  • 1470-1626 (ISSN-L)
  • 1741-7899
DOI
10.1530/rep-13-0501
PMC
PMC3947720
OpenAlex
W2103075537
Cited by
61
References
16
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FWCI
4.41
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
academic.oup.com/pages/standard-publication-reuse-rights (vor)
Locations
  • Reproduction (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • North Carolina State University
  • Society for Reproduction and Fertility
  • Miljøministeriet
  • National Institutes of Health (NIH-R01)
  • U.S. Public Health Service (NIH-R01-16001)
  • National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (R01ES016001)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Sexual Differentiation and Disorders
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Estrogen and related hormone effects
Keywords
bisphenol A, endocrine disruptors, estrogen receptor beta, sex differences, hypothalamus, amygdala, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, paraventricular nucleus, medial amygdala, suprachiasmatic nucleus, lateral habenula, neonatal exposure, estradiol benzoate, sociosexual behavior, perinatal development, rats
MeSH terms
Bisphenol A Compounds, Amygdala, Animals, Animals, Newborn, Behavior, Animal, Benzhydryl Compounds, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Estradiol, Female, Hypothalamus, Male, Phenols, Sexual Behavior, Animal, Sex Factors, Social Behavior, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Rats, Long-Evans, Estrogen Receptor beta, Rats

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

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