Cited by 51Alzheimer's disease research and treatmentsDementia and Cognitive Impairment ResearchCholinesterase and Neurodegenerative Diseases

Tau-directed approaches for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease: focus on leuco-methylthioninium

Seripa, Davide, Solfrizzi, Vincenzo, Imbimbo, Bruno P., Daniele, Antonio, Santamato, Andrea, Lozupone, Madia, Zuliani, Giovanni, Greco, Antonio +2 more·2016·Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics

Abstract

Small molecular weight compounds able to inhibit formation of tau oligomers and fibrils have already been tested for Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatment. The most advanced tau aggregation inhibitor (TAI) is methylthioninium (MT), a drug existing in equilibrium between a reduced (leuco-methylthioninium) and oxidized form (MT(+)). MT chloride (also known as methylene blue) was investigated in a 24-week Phase II study in 321 mild-to-moderate AD patients at the doses of 69, 138, and 228 mg/day. This trial failed to show significant positive effects of MT in the overall patient population. The dose of 138 mg/day showed potential benefits on cognitive performance of moderately affected patients and cerebral blood flow in mildly affected patients. A follow-up compound (TRx0237) claimed to be more bioavailable and less toxic than MT, is now being developed. Phase III clinical trials on this novel TAI in AD and in the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia are underway.

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Crossref · 10.1586/14737175.2016.1140039

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Authors
Seripa, D., Solfrizzi, V., Imbimbo, B. P., Daniele, A., Santamato, A., Lozupone, M., Zuliani, G., Greco, A., Logroscino, G., & Panza, F.
Affiliations
  • Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza (IT)
  • University of Bari Aldo Moro (IT)
  • Chiesi (Italy) (IT)
  • Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (IT)
  • University of Foggia (IT)
  • University of Ferrara (IT)
Corresponding author
  • Seripa, Davide
  • Panza, Francesco
Venue
Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics
Published
2016-02-26
Volume
16
Issue
3
Pages
259-277
ISSN
  • 1473-7175 (ISSN-L)
  • 1744-8360
OpenAlex
W2291084186
Cited by
50
References
196
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 2
FWCI
0.82
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • CINECA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Bari Aldo Moro) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Cholinesterase and Neurodegenerative Diseases
Keywords
Alzheimer's disease, tau aggregation inhibitors, methylene blue, tau oligomers, tau fibrils, cognitive performance, cerebral blood flow, behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia
MeSH terms
Alzheimer Disease, Clinical Trials as Topic, Humans, Methylene Blue, tau Proteins

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