Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 472

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 28 of the 28 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Activin A Efficiently Specifies Definitive Endoderm from Human Embryonic Stem Cells Only When Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Signaling Is Suppressed

Open access
McLean, Amanda B., D'Amour, Kevin A., Jones, Karen L., Krishnamoorthy, Malini, Kulik, Michael J., Reynolds, David M., Sheppard, Alan M., Liu, Huiqing, Xu, Ying, Baetge, Emmanuel E., Dalton, Stephen·2007·Stem Cells
DOI 10.1634/stemcells.2006-0219
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Human ESCs (hESCs) respond to signals that determine their pluripotency, proliferation, survival, and differentiation status. In this report, we demonstrate that phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) antagonizes the ability of hESCs to differentiate in response to transforming growth factor β family members such as Activin A and Nodal. Inhibition of PI3K signaling efficiently promotes differentiation of hESCs into mesendoderm and then definitive endoderm (DE) by allowing them to be specified by Activin/Nodal signals present in hESC cultures. Under conditions where hESCs are grown in mouse embryo fibroblast-conditioned medium under feeder-free conditions, ∼70%–80% are converted into DE following 5 days of treatment with inhibitors of the PI3K pathway, such as LY 294002 and AKT1-II. Microarray and quantitative polymerase chain reaction-based gene expression profiling demonstrates that definitive endoderm formation under these conditions closely parallels that following specification with elevated Activin A and low fetal calf serum (FCS)/knockout serum replacement (KSR). Reduced insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling was found to be critical for cell fate commitment into DE. Levels of insulin/IGF present in FCS/KSR, normally used to promote self-renewal of hESCs, antagonized differentiation. In summary, we show that generation of hESC-DE requires two conditions: signaling by Activin/Nodal family members and release from inhibitory signals generated by PI3K through insulin/IGF. These findings have important implications for our understanding of hESC self-renewal and early cell fate decisions.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1634/stemcells.2006-0219

Cites

28 of 28 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Cited by

See all 472

Metadata

Authors
McLean, A. B., D'Amour, K. A., Jones, K. L., Krishnamoorthy, M., Kulik, M. J., Reynolds, D. M., Sheppard, A. M., Liu, H., Xu, Y., Baetge, E. E., & Dalton, S.
Venue
Stem Cells
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2007-01-01
Volume
25
Issue
1
Pages
29-38
ISSN
  • 1066-5099 (ISSN-L)
  • 1549-4918
DOI
10.1634/stemcells.2006-0219
OpenAlex
W2095298909
Cited by
472
References
28
FWCI
12.57
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
bronze

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.