The DOI matches its Crossref record; 64 of the 64 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Effect of Acute Exercise on AMPK Signaling in Skeletal Muscle of Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes
Open accessAbstract
Activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) by exercise induces several cellular processes in muscle. Exercise activation of AMPK is unaffected in lean (BMI approximately 25 kg/m(2)) subjects with type 2 diabetes. However, most type 2 diabetic subjects are obese (BMI >30 kg/m(2)), and exercise stimulation of AMPK is blunted in obese rodents. We examined whether obese type 2 diabetic subjects have impaired exercise stimulation of AMPK, at different signaling levels, spanning from the upstream kinase, LKB1, to the putative AMPK targets, AS160 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor coactivator (PGC)-1alpha, involved in glucose transport regulation and mitochondrial biogenesis, respectively. Twelve type 2 diabetic, eight obese, and eight lean subjects exercised on a cycle ergometer for 40 min. Muscle biopsies were done before, during, and after exercise. Subjects underwent this protocol on two occasions, at low (50% Vo(2max)) and moderate (70% Vo(2max)) intensities, with a 4-6 week interval. Exercise had no effect on LKB1 activity. Exercise had a time- and intensity-dependent effect to increase AMPK activity and AS160 phosphorylation. Obese and type 2 diabetic subjects had attenuated exercise-stimulated AMPK activity and AS160 phosphorylation. Type 2 diabetic subjects had reduced basal PGC-1 gene expression but normal exercise-induced increases in PGC-1 expression. Our findings suggest that obese type 2 diabetic subjects may need to exercise at higher intensity to stimulate the AMPK-AS160 axis to the same level as lean subjects.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“This has led to the concept of “IL-6 resistance,” characterized by reduced AMPK activity in response to chronic IL-6 exposure [48].”
From Exercise-Induced Muscle–Fat Crosstalk: Molecular Mediators and Their Pharmacological Modulation for the Maintenance of Metabolic Flexibility in Aging (2025) · cites this paper as [48]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Analysis of Relative Gene Expression Data Using Real-Time Quantitative PCR and the 2−ΔΔCT Method
Livak, K. J., & Schmittgen, T. D. (2001) · Methods · doi:10.1006/meth.2001.1262 · Cited by 180,860
Matsuda, M., & DeFronzo, R. A. (1999) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.22.9.1462 · Cited by 5,621
Self-citationYamauchi, T., Kamon, J., Minokoshi, Y., Ito, Y., Waki, H., Uchida, S., Yamashita, S., Noda, M., Kita, S., Ueki, K., et al. (2002) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm788 · Cited by 4,238
Mutation of the mouse klotho gene leads to a syndrome resembling ageing
Kuro-o, M., Matsumura, Y., Aizawa, H., Kawaguchi, H., Suga, T., Utsugi, T., Ohyama, Y., Kurabayashi, M., Kaname, T., Kume, E., et al. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/36285 · Cited by 3,837
Puigserver, P., & Spiegelman, B. M. (2003) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2002-0012 · Cited by 2,076
Leptin stimulates fatty-acid oxidation by activating AMP-activated protein kinase
Minokoshi, Y., Kim, Y.-B., Peroni, O. D., Fryer, L. G. D., Müller, C., Carling, D., & Kahn, B. B. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/415339a · Cited by 2,053
LKB1 is a master kinase that activates 13 kinases of the AMPK subfamily, including MARK/PAR‐1
Lizcano, J. M., Göransson, O., Toth, R., Deak, M., Morrice, N. A., Boudeau, J., Hawley, S. A., Udd, L., Mäkelä, T. P., Hardie, D. G., et al. (2004) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7600110 · Cited by 1,381
Exercise, Glucose Transport, and Insulin Sensitivity
Goodyear, L. J., & Kahn, B. B. (1998) · Annual Review of Medicine · doi:10.1146/annurev.med.49.1.235 · Cited by 1,056
AMP-activated protein kinase, a metabolic master switch: possible roles in Type 2 diabetes
Winder, W. W., & Hardie, D. G. (1999) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.1999.277.1.e1 · Cited by 1,000
Tomas, E., Tsao, T.-S., Saha, A. K., Murrey, H. E., Zhang, C. C., Itani, S. I., Lodish, H. F., & Ruderman, N. B. (2002) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.222657499 · Cited by 973
Insulin-stimulated Phosphorylation of a Rab GTPase-activating Protein Regulates GLUT4 Translocation
Sano, H., Kane, S., Sano, E., Mı̂inea, C. P., Asara, J. M., Lane, W. S., Garner, C. W., & Lienhard, G. E. (2003) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.c300063200 · Cited by 964
Mu, J., Brozinick, J. T., Valladares, O., Bucan, M., & Birnbaum, M. J. (2001) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/s1097-2765(01)00251-9 · Cited by 924
Winder, W. W., & Hardie, D. G. (1996) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.1996.270.2.e299 · Cited by 799
Hayashi, T., Hirshman, M. F., Kurth, E. J., Winder, W. W., & Goodyear, L. J. (1998) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.47.8.1369 · Cited by 774
Hayashi, T., Hirshman, M. F., Kurth, E. J., Winder, W. W., & Goodyear, L. J. (1998) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.47.8.1369 · Cited by 774
Chronic activation of AMP kinase results in NRF-1 activation and mitochondrial biogenesis
Bergeron, R., Ren, J. M., Cadman, K. S., Moore, I. K., Perret, P., Pypaert, M., Young, L. H., Semenkovich, C. F., & Shulman, G. I. (2001) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.2001.281.6.e1340 · Cited by 561
Jørgensen, S. B., Viollet, B., Andreelli, F., Frøsig, C., Birk, J. B., Schjerling, P., Vaulont, S., Richter, E. A., & Wojtaszewski, J. F. P. (2004) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m306205200 · Cited by 553
Deficiency of LKB1 in skeletal muscle prevents AMPK activation and glucose uptake during contraction
Sakamoto, K., McCarthy, A., Smith, D. P., Green, K. A., Hardie, D. G., Ashworth, A., & Alessi, D. R. (2005) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7600667 · Cited by 552
Self-citationA Method to Identify Serine Kinase Substrates
Kane, S., Sano, H., Liu, S. C. H., Asara, J. M., Lane, W. S., Garner, C. C., & Lienhard, G. E. (2002) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.c200198200 · Cited by 529
Wojtaszewski, J. F. P., Nielsen, P., Hansen, B. F., Richter, E. A., & Kiens, B. (2000) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7793.2000.t01-1-00221.x · Cited by 435
Lactate content and pH in muscle samples obtained after dynamic exercise
Sahlin, K., Harris, R. C., Nylind, B., & Hultman, E. (1976) · Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1007/bf00585150 · Cited by 418
Kennedy, J. W., Hirshman, M. F., Gervino, E. V., Ocel, J. V., Forse, R. A., Hoenig, S. J., Aronson, D., Goodyear, L. J., & Horton, E. S. (1999) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.48.5.1192 · Cited by 415
Contraction-induced Changes in Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase and 5′-AMP-activated Kinase in Skeletal Muscle
Vavvas, D., Apazidis, A., Saha, A. K., Gamble, J., Patel, A., Kemp, B. E., Witters, L. A., & Ruderman, N. B. (1997) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.272.20.13255 · Cited by 395
Musi, N., Fujii, N., Hirshman, M. F., Ekberg, I., Fröberg, S., Ljungqvist, O., Thorell, A., & Goodyear, L. J. (2001) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.50.5.921 · Cited by 371
Self-citationEffect of Exercise Intensity on Skeletal Muscle AMPK Signaling in Humans
Chen, Z.-P., Stephens, T. J., Murthy, S., Canny, B. J., Hargreaves, M., Witters, L. A., Kemp, B. E., & McConell, G. K. (2003) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.52.9.2205 · Cited by 369
Effects of low-intensity prolonged exercise on PGC-1 mRNA expression in rat epitrochlearis muscle
Terada, S., Goto, M., Kato, M., Kawanaka, K., Shimokawa, T., & Tabata, I. (2002) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/s0006-291x(02)00881-1 · Cited by 354
Fujii, N., Hayashi, T., Hirshman, M. F., Smith, J. T., Habinowski, S. A., Kaijser, L., Mu, J., Ljungqvist, O., Birnbaum, M. J., Witters, L. A., et al. (2000) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1006/bbrc.2000.3073 · Cited by 351
Wojtaszewski, J. F. P., MacDonald, C., Nielsen, J. N., Hellsten, Y., Hardie, D. G., Kemp, B. E., Kiens, B., & Richter, E. A. (2003) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00436.2002 · Cited by 348
Hudson, E. R., Pan, D. A., James, J., Lucocq, J. M., Hawley, S. A., Green, K. A., Baba, O., Terashima, T., & Hardie, D. G. (2003) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/s0960-9822(03)00249-5 · Cited by 332
Kramer, H. F., Witczak, C. A., Fujii, N., Jessen, N., Taylor, E. B., Arnolds, D. E., Sakamoto, K., Hirshman, M. F., & Goodyear, L. J. (2006) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db06-0150 · Cited by 315
Self-citationSakamoto, K., Göransson, O., Hardie, D. G., & Alessi, D. R. (2004) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00074.2004 · Cited by 299
Sellevold, O., Jynge, P., & Aarstad, K. (1986) · Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0022-2828(86)80917-8 · Cited by 290
AMPK activity is diminished in tissues of IL-6 knockout mice: the effect of exercise.
Kelly, M., Keller, C., Avilucea, P. R., Keller, P., Luo, Z., Xiang, X., Giralt, M., Hidalgo, J., Saha, A. K., Pedersen, B. K., et al. (2004) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.05.188 · Cited by 289
Treebak, J. T., Glund, S., Deshmukh, A. S., Klein, D. K., Long, Y. C., Jensen, T. E., Jørgensen, S. B., Viollet, B., Andersson, L., Neumann, D., et al. (2006) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db06-0175 · Cited by 289
Bergeron, R., Previs, S. F., Cline, G. W., Perret, P., Russell, R. R., Young, L. H., & Shulman, G. I. (2001) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.50.5.1076 · Cited by 285
Effects of α‐AMPK knockout on exercise‐induced gene activation in mouse skeletal muscle
Jørgensen, S. B., Wojtaszewski, J. F. P., Viollet, B., Andreelli, F., Birk, J. B., Hellsten, Y., Schjerling, P., Vaulont, S., Neufer, P. D., Richter, E. A., et al. (2005) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.04-3144fje · Cited by 274
Bruss, M. D., Arias, E. B., Lienhard, G. E., & Cartee, G. D. (2005) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.54.1.41 · Cited by 273 · cited 4×
“ACC, acetyl CoA carboxylase; AICAR, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-D-ribofuranoside; AMPK, AMP-activated protein kinase; FFA, free fatty acid; IL, interleukin; NRF, nuclear respiratory factor; OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test; PAS, phospho-Akt substrate; PGC, peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor coactivator.”
BackgroundInfluentialWojtaszewski, J. F. P., Jørgensen, S. B., Hellsten, Y., Hardie, D. G., & Richter, E. A. (2002) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.51.2.284 · Cited by 261
Richardson, D. K., Kashyap, S., Bajaj, M., Cusi, K., Mandarino, S. J., Finlayson, J., DeFronzo, R. A., Jenkinson, C. P., & Mandarino, L. J. (2005) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m408985200 · Cited by 259
Self-citationRoepstorff, C., Thiele, M., Hillig, T., Pilegaard, H., Richter, E. A., Wojtaszewski, J. F. P., & Kiens, B. (2006) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2006.108720 · Cited by 238
Koistinen, H. A., Galuska, D., Chibalin, A., Yang, J., Zierath, J. R., Holman, G. D., & Wallberg‐Henriksson, H. (2003) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.52.5.1066 · Cited by 232
Witters, L. A., & Kemp, B. E. (1992) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(19)50663-9 · Cited by 228
Turning Signals On and Off: GLUT4 Traffic in the Insulin-Signaling Highway
Thong, F. S. L., Dugani, S. B., & Klip, A. (2005) · Physiology · doi:10.1152/physiol.00017.2005 · Cited by 227
Zeigerer, A., McBrayer, M. K., & McGraw, T. E. (2004) · Molecular Biology of the Cell · doi:10.1091/mbc.e04-04-0333 · Cited by 226
Deficiency of LKB1 in heart prevents ischemia-mediated activation of AMPKα2 but not AMPKα1
Sakamoto, K., Zarrinpashneh, E., Budas, G. R., Pouleur, A., Dutta, A., Prescott, A. R., Vanoverschelde, J., Ashworth, A., Jovanović, A., Alessi, D. R., et al. (2005) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00443.2005 · Cited by 224
Self-citationAMP-activated protein kinase activity and glucose uptake in rat skeletal muscle
Musi, N., Hayashi, T., FUJII, N. L., Hirshman, M. F., Witters, L. A., & Goodyear, L. J. (2001) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.2001.280.5.e677 · Cited by 219
Self-citationXing, Y., Musi, N., FUJII, N. L., Zou, L., Luptak, I., Hirshman, M. F., Goodyear, L. J., & Tian, R. (2003) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m303521200 · Cited by 213
Self-citationContraction Regulation of Akt in Rat Skeletal Muscle
Sakamoto, K., Hirshman, M. F., Aschenbach, W. G., & Goodyear, L. J. (2002) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m112410200 · Cited by 197
Self-citationFujii, N., Hirshman, M. F., Kane, E. M., Ho, R. C., Peter, L. E., Seifert, M. M., & Goodyear, L. J. (2005) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m504208200 · Cited by 177
Derave, W., Ai, H., Ihlemann, J., Witters, L. A., Kristiansen, S., Richter, E. A., & Ploug, T. (2000) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.49.8.1281 · Cited by 168
Stephens, T. J., Chen, Z.-P., Canny, B. J., Michell, B. J., Kemp, B. E., & McConell, G. K. (2002) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00101.2001 · Cited by 148
Deshmukh, A. S., Coffey, V. G., Zhong, Z., Chibalin, A., Hawley, J. A., & Zierath, J. R. (2006) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db05-1419 · Cited by 126
Exercise regulates Akt and glycogen synthase kinase-3 activities in human skeletal muscle
Sakamoto, K., Arnolds, D. E., Ekberg, I., Thorell, A., & Goodyear, L. J. (2004) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.05.020 · Cited by 121
Self-citationWadley, G. D., Lee, R. S., Canny, B. J., Wasuntarawat, C., Chen, Z. P., Hargreaves, M., Kemp, B. E., & McConell, G. K. (2005) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00464.2005 · Cited by 111
LKB1-AMPK signaling in muscle from obese insulin-resistant Zucker rats and effects of training
Sriwijitkamol, A., Ivy, J. L., Christ-Roberts, C. Y., DeFronzo, R. A., Mandarino, L. J., & Musi, N. (2005) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00429.2005 · Cited by 106
Self-citationInterleukin-6 release from human skeletal muscle during exercise: relation to AMPK activity
MacDonald, C., Wojtaszewski, J. F. P., Pedersen, B. K., Kiens, B., & Richter, E. A. (2003) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00242.2003 · Cited by 105
Frederich, M., & Balschi, J. A. (2002) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m107128200 · Cited by 105
Højlund, K., Mustard, K. J., Stæhr, P., Hardie, D. G., Beck‐Nielsen, H., Richter, E. A., & Wojtaszewski, J. F. P. (2004) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00326.2003 · Cited by 80
Akerstrom, T. C. A., Birk, J. B., Klein, D. K., Erikstrup, C., Plomgaard, P., Pedersen, B. K., & Wojtaszewski, J. F. P. (2006) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.02.057 · Cited by 75
Barnes, B. R., Ryder, J. W., Steiler, T. L., Fryer, L. G. D., Carling, D., & Zierath, J. R. (2002) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.51.9.2703 · Cited by 56
Raney, M. A., Yee, A. J., Todd, M. K., & Turcotte, L. P. (2004) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00301.2004 · Cited by 50
Carbohydrate ingestion does not alter skeletal muscle AMPK signaling during exercise in humans
Lee-Young, R. S., Palmer, M. J., Linden, K. C., LePlastrier, K., Canny, B. J., Hargreaves, M., Wadley, G. D., Kemp, B. E., & McConell, G. K. (2006) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00023.2006 · Cited by 45
Impairment of muscular metabolism in chronic respiratory failure. A human 31P MRS study
Payen, J., Wuyam, B., Reutenauer, H., Laurent, D., Levy, P. A., Bas, J. F. L., & Benabid, A. (1991) · NMR in Biomedicine · doi:10.1002/nbm.1940040108 · Cited by 19
Christopher, M., Chen, Z.-P., Rantzau, C., Kemp, B. E., & ALFORD, F. P. (2003) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00199.2003 · Cited by 14
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Steinberg, G. R., & Kemp, B. E. (2009) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00011.2008 · Cited by 1,672
Exercise, GLUT4, and skeletal muscle glucose uptake
Richter, E. A., & Hargreaves, M. (2013) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00038.2012 · Cited by 1,407
AMPK and SIRT1: a long-standing partnership?
Ruderman, N. B., Julia Xu, X., Nelson, L., Cacicedo, J. M., Saha, A. K., Lan, F., & Ido, Y. (2010) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00745.2009 · Cited by 903
AMPK, insulin resistance, and the metabolic syndrome
Ruderman, N. B., Carling, D., Prentki, M., & Cacicedo, J. M. (2013) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci67227 · Cited by 886
Mitochondria in oxidative stress, inflammation and aging: from mechanisms to therapeutic advances
Xu, X., Pang, Y., & Fan, X. (2025) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-025-02253-4 · Cited by 1,016
Metadata
- Authors
- Sriwijitkamol, A., Coletta, D. K., Wajcberg, E., Balbontin, G. B., Reyna, S. M., Barrientes, J., Eagan, P. A., Jenkinson, C. P., Cersosimo, E., DeFronzo, R. A., Sakamoto, K., & Musi, N.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas at San Antonio Health Science Center (US)
- Texas Diabetes Institute (US)
- Diabetes Division, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
- University of Dundee (GB)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Diabetes
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 2007-03-01
- Volume
- 56
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 836-848
- ISSN
- 0012-1797 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-327X
- PMC
- PMC2844111
- OpenAlex
- W2114452637
- Cited by
- 304
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 11.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Diabetes (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- ScholarWorks @ UTRGV (The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- American Diabetes Association (DK24092)
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (DK24092)
- Pfizer
- Endocrine Fellows Foundation (DK24092)
- Mahidol University (DK24092)
- National Institutes of Health (DK24092)
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
- Medical Research Council
- Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (F32HL086089)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R56DK024092, DK 067690, DK 24092, R01DK067690, R01DK079195, R01DK024092)
- National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (L60 MD000986)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Keywords
- AMPK, acute exercise, type 2 diabetes, obesity, skeletal muscle, LKB1, AS160 phosphorylation, PGC-1α, exercise intensity, glucose transport, mitochondrial biogenesis, exercise training
- MeSH terms
- AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases, Adult, Amino Acid Oxidoreductases, Blood Glucose, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Glycogen, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Multienzyme Complexes, Nucleotides, Obesity, Phosphorylation, Time Factors, Transcription Factors, Signal Transduction, Exercise, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Muscle, Skeletal, GTPase-Activating Proteins, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt, Nuclear Respiratory Factor 1, AMP-Activated Protein Kinases
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review