The Diabetes Prevention Program: baseline characteristics of the randomized cohort. The Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group.
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) is a 27-center randomized clinical trial designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of interventions that may delay or prevent development of diabetes in people at increased risk for type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Eligibility requirements were age > or = 25 years, BMI > or = 24 kg/m2 (> or = 22 kg/m2 for Asian-Americans), and impaired glucose tolerance plus a fasting plasma glucose of 5.3-6.9 mmol/l (or < or = 6.9 mmol for American Indians). Randomization of participants into the DPP over 2.7 years ended in June 1999. Baseline data for the three treatment groups--intensive lifestyle modification, standard care plus metformin, and standard care plus placebo--are presented for the 3,234 participants who have been randomized. RESULTS: Of all participants, 55% were Caucasian, 20% were African-American, 16% were Hispanic, 5% were American Indian, and 4% were Asian-American. Their average age at entry was 51 +/- 10.7 years (mean +/- SD), and 67.7% were women. Moreover, 16% were < 40 years of age, and 20% were > or = 60 years of age. Of the women, 48% were postmenopausal. Men and women had similar frequencies of history of hypercholesterolemia (37 and 33%, respectively) or hypertension (29 and 26%, respectively). On the basis of fasting lipid determinations, 54% of men and 40% of women fit National Cholesterol Education Program criteria for abnormal lipid profiles. More men than women were current or former cigarette smokers or had a history of coronary heart disease. Furthermore, 66% of men and 71% of women had a first-degree relative with diabetes. Overall, BMI averaged 34.0 +/- 6.7 kg/m2 at baseline with 57% of the men and 73% of women having a BMI > or = 30 kg/m2. Average fasting plasma glucose (6.0 +/- 0.5 mmol/l) and HbA1c (5.9 +/- 0.5%) in men were comparable with values in women (5.9 +/- 0.4 mmol/l and 5.9 +/- 0.5%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The DPP has successfully randomized a large cohort of participants with a wide distribution of age, obesity, and ethnic and racial backgrounds who are at high risk for developing type 2 diabetes. The study will examine the effects of interventions on the development of diabetes.
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Most DM2 patients are overweight or obese.
“Dysglycemia is strongly associated with the development of overweight status or obesity, as most DM2 patients are overweight or obese (44–46).”
From GDF-15 as a Weight Watcher for Diabetic and Non-Diabetic People Treated With Metformin (2020) · cites this paper as [45]
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- Venue
- Diabetes Care
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 2000-11-01
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1619-1629
- ISSN
- 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
- 1935-5548
- PMC
- PMC1360735
- OpenAlex
- W1935237410
- Cited by
- 399
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 22
- FWCI
- 12.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Diabetes Care (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- American Diabetes Association
- Bristol-Myers Squibb
- National Institutes of Health
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- National Institute on Aging
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (U01DK048489)
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Keywords
- type 2 diabetes prevention, impaired glucose tolerance, prediabetes, metformin, lifestyle modification, baseline characteristics, sex differences, racial and ethnic differences, body mass index, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, smoking, coronary artery disease, Diabetes Prevention Program
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Asian, Black or African American, Blood Glucose, Blood Pressure, Cholesterol, Coronary Disease, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Hispanic or Latino, Humans, Hypercholesterolemia, Indians, North American, Lipids, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Education as Topic, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Smoking, Socioeconomic Factors, United States, Cohort Studies, Body Mass Index, Glucose Intolerance, White People, Racial Groups
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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