Prevention of Type II diabetes in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance: the Diabetes Prevention Study (DPS) in Finland
Open accessAbstract
Unlabelled AIMS/HYPOTHESIS; The aim of the Diabetes Prevention Study is to assess the efficacy of an intensive diet-exercise programme in preventing or delaying Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance, to evaluate the effects of the intervention programme on cardiovascular risk factors and to assess the determinants for the progression to diabetes in persons with impaired glucose tolerance.Methods A total of 523 overweight subjects with impaired glucose tolerance ascertained by two oral glucose tolerance tests were randomised to either a control or intervention group. The control subjects received general information at the start of the trial about the lifestyle changes necessary to prevent diabetes and about annual follow-up visits. The intervention subjects had seven sessions with a nutritionist during the first year and a visit every 3 months thereafter aimed at reducing weight, the intake of saturated fat and increasing the intake of dietary fibre. Intervention subjects were also guided individually to increase their physical activity.Results During the first year, weight loss in the first 212 study subjects was 4.7 +/- 5.5 vs 0.9 +/- 4.1 kg in the intervention and control group, respectively (p < 0.001). The plasma glucose concentrations (fasting: 5.9 +/- 0.7 vs 6.4 +/- 0.8 mmol/l, p < 0.001; and 2-h 7.8 +/- 1.8 vs 8.5 +/- 2.3 mmol/l, p < 0.05) were significantly lower in the intervention group after the first year of intervention. Favourable changes were also found in blood pressure, serum lipids and anthropometric indices in the intervention group.Conclusion/interpretation The interim results show the efficacy and feasibility of the lifestyle intervention programme.
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Lifestyle modification in the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study and the U.S. Diabetes Prevention Program reduced incident diabetes by 58% and, in the DPP, had a greater effect than metformin (31%).
“Lifestyle modification in both studies reduced incident diabetes by 58% and, in the DPP, had a greater effect than metformin (31%).”
From Exercise and Type 2 Diabetes (2010) · cites this paper as [74]
The Abstract describes a lifestyle intervention in the Finnish DPS and reports improved weight and glucose measures after one year. The Discussion says whether diabetes onset would be postponed remained to be seen. This interim report therefore does not support the claimed 58% reduction in incident diabetes or the DPP comparison with metformin (31%). (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe changes in lifestyle in our study not only improved glucose tolerance but also reduced the magnitude of several other cardiovascular risk factors.
“The changes in lifestyle in our study not only improved glucose tolerance but also reduced the magnitude of several other cardiovascular risk factors.13”
From Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Changes in Lifestyle among Subjects with Impaired Glucose Tolerance (2001) · cites this paper as [13]
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How effective are lifestyle changes in the prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus?
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- Authors
- Eriksson, J., Lindström, J., Valle, T., Aunola, S., Hämäläinen, H., Ilanne-Parikka, P., Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, S., Laakso, M., Lauhkonen, M., Lehto, P., Lehtonen, A., Louheranta, A., Mannelin, M., Martikkala, V., Rastas, M., Sundvall, J., Turpeinen, A., Viljanen, T., Uusitupa, M., & Tuomilehto, J.
- Affiliations
- Social Insurance Institution (FI)
- University of Oulu (FI)
- University of Turku (FI)
- University of Eastern Finland (FI)
- Oulu Deaconess Institute (FI)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Diabetologia
- Published
- 1999-06-21
- Volume
- 42
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 793-801
- ISSN
- 0012-186X (ISSN-L)
- 1432-0428
- OpenAlex
- W170708439
- Semantic Scholar
- cd0d07295534fd80c9873e91916bca2c05e37c58
- Cited by
- 368
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 8.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Diabetologia (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- STM:n Hallinnonalan avoin julkaisuarkisto (Julkari) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Yrjö Jahnssonin Säätiö
- Academy of Finland
- Novo Nordisk
- Diabetestutkimussäätiö
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Keywords
- type 2 diabetes prevention, impaired glucose tolerance, lifestyle intervention, weight loss, dietary fiber, saturated fat intake, physical activity, cardiovascular risk factors, progression to diabetes, overweight
- MeSH terms
- Blood Glucose, Blood Pressure, Body Weights and Measures, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Finland, Humans, Obesity, Triglycerides, Exercise, Treatment Outcome, Glucose Intolerance
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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