Cited by 170Diabetes Management and EducationMental Health Treatment and AccessAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

Contributors to Depression in Latino and European-American Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

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Fisher, Lawrence, Chesla, Catherine A., Mullan, Joseph T., Skaff, Marilyn M., Kanter, Richard A.·2001·Diabetes Care

Abstract

OBJECTIVE—To determine the independent and cumulative contributions of diabetes and other life stresses on depression and anxiety in Latino and European-American (EA) patients with diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—A total of 75 Latino and 113 EA patients with type 2 diabetes, recruited from managed care settings, were assessed regarding three groups of potential stresses: demographics (age, sex, and education), disease status (functional impact, time since diagnosis, comorbidities, HbA1c, and BMI), and family stress (financial stress, spouse conflict resolution, and family closeness). Dependent variables were depression (Center for Epidemiological Studies–Depression scale [CES-D]) and anxiety (Symptom Checklist [SCL-90]). Multiple regression equations assessed the independent contribution of each predictor on depression and anxiety. RESULTS—For both ethnic groups, education, functional impact, and financial stress significantly and independently predicted depression; poor spouse conflict resolution was a fourth significant predictor for EA patients only. The equations accounted for a high percentage of variance (43– 55%). Excluding education, the same variables predicted anxiety for both ethnic groups. The disease status and family stress variable groups significantly predicted outcomes independently. The relationships among these variables and depression and anxiety generally occurred for all patients, not only for those classified as likely depressed. CONCLUSIONS—The findings suggest the utility of considering many life stresses, not just diabetes alone, that combine to affect depression and anxiety. We suggest that these effects are experienced cumulatively as general psychological distress for all patients with diabetes, not just those classified as likely depressed. Taken together, the findings emphasize a life-centered, patient-focused approach to the treatment of depression, rather than an exclusive disease-related perspective.

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Research works printed but not linked: 4

  1. Talbot F, Nouwen A: A review of the re- lationship between depression and diabe- tes in adults. Diabetes Care 23:1556 -1562, 2000
  2. Everson SA, Maty SC, Lynch JW, Kaplan GA: Impact of socioeconomic status on depression and chronic disease. Paper presented at the Conference on Depres- sion, and Mental Disorders in Patients with Diabetes, Renal Disorders, and Obe- sity/Eating Disorders. Washington, DC, National Institute of Diabetes and Diges- tive and Kidney Diseases, 2001
  3. Marin G, Marin BV: Research With His- panic Populations. Vol. 23. Newbury Park, CA, Sage Publications, 1991
  4. Falicov CJ: Latino Families in Therapy: A Guide to Multicultural Practice. New York, Guilford Press, 1998

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Authors
Fisher, L., Chesla, C. A., Mullan, J. T., Skaff, M. M., & Kanter, R. A.
Affiliations
  • University of California, San Francisco (US)
  • Kaiser Permanente (US)
Venue
Diabetes Care
Published
2001-10-01
Volume
24
Issue
10
Pages
1751-1757
ISSN
  • 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
  • 1935-5548
OpenAlex
W1971742946
Cited by
170
References
54
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 14
Type
paratext
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Diabetes Care (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Kaiser Permanente
  • National Institutes of Health (5r01dk049816-03)
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK49816, DK53203)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords
type 2 diabetes, depression, anxiety, Hispanic patients, European American patients, life events, family stress, financial stress, psychological distress, ethnic differences
MeSH terms
Adult, Central America, Conflict, Psychological, Depression, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Ethnicity, Europe, Family Relations, Female, Glycated Hemoglobin, Hispanic or Latino, Humans, Income, Male, Managed Care Programs, Mexico, Middle Aged, Regression Analysis, Socioeconomic Factors, Stress, Psychological, United States

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