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Cited by 192Psychological Well-being and Life SatisfactionOptimism, Hope, and Well-beingAging and Gerontology Research

Positive affect uniquely predicts lower risk of mortality in people with diabetes.

Moskowitz, Judith Tedlie, Epel, Elissa S., Acree, Michael·2008·Health Psychology
DOI 10.1037/0278-6133.27.1.s73
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether positive affect predicts mortality among people with diabetes and among a comparison group of people with no chronic health conditions. DESIGN: Longitudinal cohort study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Mortality. RESULTS: Positive affect was significantly associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality in people with diabetes (N = 715). Enjoyed life was associated with lower risk of mortality over and above the effects of negative affect or other significant predictors of mortality. In a comparison sample without chronic illness (N = 2,673), positive affect was not associated with mortality. However, when the analysis was restricted to those over the age of 65, specific positive affects, in particular hopeful and enjoyed life were significantly associated with lower risk of mortality, again independent of negative affect. Enjoyed life remained significantly predictive of lower risk of mortality in the older sample when other predictors of mortality were statistically controlled. Positive affect was particularly protective among those over the age of 65 who reported higher levels of stress. CONCLUSION: These findings are discussed in light of possible stress-buffering functions of positive affect.

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Crossref · 10.1037/0278-6133.27.1.s73

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  • Enjoyment of life reduces the risk of mortality in people with diabetes mellitus.

    “sub-analyses from this study indicated that enjoyment of life (a component of positive affect) reduced the risk of mortality in people with diabetes mellitus.”

    From Type 2 diabetes mellitus and psychological stress — a modifiable risk factor (2017) · cites this paper as [134]

  • In the NHEFS cohort (n=3,388; n=715 with diabetes mellitus; 10-year follow-up), positive affect reduced risk of mortality HR 0.87 (95% CI 0.76-0.99), not robust to adjustment for covariates; sub-analysis of the positive affect scale only enjoyment of life was significant.

    “NHEFS cohort n = 3,388 ( n = 715 with diabetes mellitus); 10 year follow-up | Positive affect sub-scale of the CES-D (assessed by four components: self- esteem; hopeful; happy; and life enjoyment) | ‡ Positive affect reduced risk of mortality HR 0.87 (95% CI 0.76- 0.99). Not robust to adjustment for covariates.”

    From Type 2 diabetes mellitus and psychological stress — a modifiable risk factor (2017) · cites this paper as Moskowitz (2008) 128

  • Positive emotion is uniquely associated with a lower risk of morbidity and mortality in healthy and chronically ill samples, independent of the effects of negative emotion.

    “This work is built upon the importance of positive emotion in the maintenance of psychological and physical well-being [11] and evidence that positive emotion is uniquely associated with a lower risk of morbidity and mortality in healthy and chronically ill samples, independent of the effects of negative emotion [12-15].”

    From Use of the Chatbot “Vivibot” to Deliver Positive Psychology Skills and Promote Well-Being Among Young People After Cancer Treatment: Randomized Controlled Feasibility Trial (2019) · cites this paper as [14]

  • In type 2 diabetes, positive psychological states are prospectively associated with lower HbA1c, fewer diabetes complications, and lower rates of cardiac events/mortality.

    “In T2D, positive psychological states (e.g., positive affect, well-being) are prospectively associated with lower HbA1c, fewer diabetes complications, and lower rates of cardiac events/mortality [26–28]”

    From Positive Psychological Interventions for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Rationale, Theoretical Model, and Intervention Development (2015) · cites this paper as [26]

  • PP specifically targets behaviors (e.g., leveraging past success) and positive attributes (e.g., positive affect and optimism) that have been associated with increased participation in health behaviors and superior medical outcomes.

    “Finally, as opposed to a focus on mindfulness, PP specifically targets behaviors (e.g., leveraging past success) and positive attributes (e.g., positive affect and optimism) that have been associated with increased participation in health behaviors and superior medical outcomes [26, 28, 29].”

    From Positive Psychological Interventions for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Rationale, Theoretical Model, and Intervention Development (2015) · cites this paper as [26]

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Authors
Moskowitz, J. T., Epel, E. S., & Acree, M.
Affiliations
University of California, San Francisco (US)
ORCID
Venue
Health Psychology
Publisher
American Psychological Association (APA)
Published
2008-01
Volume
27
Issue
1, Suppl
Pages
S73-S82
ISSN
  • 0278-6133 (ISSN-L)
  • 1930-7810
DOI
10.1037/0278-6133.27.1.s73
OpenAlex
W2050445010
Cited by
191
References
83
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 16
FWCI
12.90
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Health Psychology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Optimism, Hope, and Well-being
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
Keywords
positive affect, negative affect, diabetes mellitus, mortality, all-cause mortality, hope, stress buffering, older adults, chronic disease, emotional well-being
MeSH terms
Adult, Aged, Attitude, Diabetes Mellitus, Emotions, Humans, Interviews as Topic, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Surveys and Questionnaires, United States, Health Behavior, Case-Control Studies

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