Postprandial Blood Glucose
Open accessAbstract
Individuals with diabetes are at increased risk of developing microvascular complications (retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy) and cardiovascular disease (CVD).The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) (1) and U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) (2) showed that treatment programs resulting in improved glycemic control, as measured by HbA 1c , reduced the microvascular complications of diabetes.The effect of these treatment programs on reducing CVD was less clear.However, some epidemiological studies suggest that there may be a relationship between glycemic levels and CVD.In the management of diabetes, health care providers usually assess glycemic control with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and premeal glucose measurements, as well as by measuring HbA 1c .Therapeutic goals for HbA 1c and preprandial glucose levels have been established based on the results of controlled clinical trials.Unfortunately, the majority of patients with diabetes fail to achieve their glycemic goals.Elevated postprandial glucose (PPG) concentrations may contribute to suboptimal glycemic control.Postprandial hyperglycemia is also one of the earliest abnormalities of glucose homeostasis associated with type 2 diabetes and is markedly exaggerated in diabetic patients with fasting hyperglycemia.Several therapies targeted toward lowering PPG excursions are now available and have been shown to improve glycemic control as measured by HbA 1c .However, many questions remain unanswered regarding the definition of PPG and, perhaps most importantly, whether postprandial hyperglycemia has a unique role in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications and should be a specific target of therapy.To address these issues and to provide guidance to health care providers, the American Diabetes Association (ADA) convened a consensus development conference on 24 -26 January 2001 in Atlanta, Georgia.A seven-member panel of experts in diabetes, endocrinology, and metabolism heard selected abstracts and presentations from invited speakers.The panel was then asked to develop a consensus position on the following questions:
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The ADA consensus is that post-prandial glucose need not be systematically monitored and post-prandial peaks need not be targeted and corrected, though if monitored the goal is <10.0 mmol/l.
“the current consensus of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) is that post-prandial glucose should not necessarily be systematically monitored, and that post-prandial glucose peaks should not necessarily be targeted and corrected [10], although, if monitored, the recommended goal for post-prandial glucose is <10.0 mmol/l (180 mg/dl) [11].”
From Prevalence and correlates of post-prandial hyperglycaemia in a large sample of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (2006) · cites this paper as [10]
Intervention trials have not shown postprandial glucose to be a cardiovascular risk factor independent of A1C.
“Elevated postchallenge (2-h oral glucose tolerance test) glucose values have been associated with increased cardiovascular risk independent of fasting plasma glucose in some epidemiologic studies, whereas intervention trials have not shown postprandial glucose to be a cardiovascular risk factor independent of A1C.”
From 6. Glycemic Targets: <i>Standards of Care in Diabetes—2023</i> (2023) · cites this paper as [72]
Elevated postchallenge (2-h oral glucose tolerance test) glucose values have been associated with increased cardiovascular risk independent of fasting plasma glucose in some epidemiologic studies.
“Elevated postchallenge (2-h oral glucose tolerance test) glucose values have been associated with increased cardiovascular risk independent of fasting plasma glucose in some epidemiologic studies, whereas intervention trials have not shown postprandial glucose to be a cardiovascular risk factor independent of A1C.”
From 6. Glycemic Targets: <i>Standards of Care in Diabetes—2023</i> (2023) · cites this paper as [72]
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Sugars and starch in the nutritional management of diabetes mellitus
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Targeting postprandial hyperglycemia
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Association of 1,5-Anhydroglucitol With Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality
Selvin, E., Rawlings, A. M., Lutsey, P. L., Maruthur, N. M., Pankow, J. S., Steffes, M. W., & Coresh, J. (2015) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db15-0607 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
- Authors
- Association, A. D.
- Corresponding author
- Association, American Diabetes
- Venue
- Diabetes Care
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 2001-04-01
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 775-778
- ISSN
- 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
- 1935-5548
- OpenAlex
- W4213149640
- Cited by
- 464
- References
- 7
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 20.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Diabetes Care (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Eli Lilly and Company
- Pfizer
- Novo Nordisk
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Keywords
- postprandial blood glucose, postprandial hyperglycemia, glycemic control, type 2 diabetes, HbA1c, glycemic targets, diabetes complications, cardiovascular disease, glucose homeostasis, fasting hyperglycemia, diabetes management
- MeSH terms
- Blood Glucose, Diabetes Mellitus, Fasting, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Hyperglycemia, Postprandial Period
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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