Effect of a low-glycemic-index diet during pregnancy on obstetric outcomes

Moses, Robert G; Luebcke, Megan; Davis, Warren S; Coleman, Keith J; Tapsell, Linda C; Petocz, Peter; Brand-Miller, Jennie C

doi:10.1093/ajcn/84.4.807

Cited by 219Gestational Diabetes Research and ManagementBirth, Development, and HealthNutritional Studies and Diet

Effect of a low-glycemic-index diet during pregnancy on obstetric outcomes

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Moses, Robert G, Luebcke, Megan, Davis, Warren S, Coleman, Keith J, Tapsell, Linda C, Petocz, Peter, Brand-Miller, Jennie C·2006·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

DOI 10.1093/ajcn/84.4.807

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Abstract

Background Pregnancy is a condition in which the glycemic index (GI) may be of particular relevance because maternal glucose is the main energy substrate for intrauterine growth. Objective The aim was to compare the effects of low-GI and conventional dietary strategies on pregnancy outcomes in healthy women. Compliance and acceptability were also investigated. Design The subjects were assigned alternately to receive dietary counseling that encouraged either low-GI (LGI) carbohydrate foods or high-fiber, moderate-to-high GI (HGI) foods and were studied 5 times between <16 wk gestation and delivery. Of the 70 women who met the inclusion criteria, 62 completed the study (32 in the LGI and 30 in the HGI groups). Primary outcomes were measures of fetal size. Results The mean diet GI fell significantly in the LGI group but not in the HGI group. Compared with the LGI group, women in the HGI group gave birth to infants who were heavier (3408 +/- 78 compared with 3644 +/- 90 g; P = 0.051) and had a higher birth centile (48 +/- 5 compared with 69 +/- 5; P = 0.005), a higher ponderal index (2.62 +/- 0.04 compared with 2.74 +/- 0.04; P = 0.03), and a higher prevalence of large-for-gestational age (3.1% compared with 33.3%; P = 0.01). Women in the LGI group found the diet easier to follow. Conclusion Because birth weight and ponderal index may predict chronic disease in later life, a low-GI diet may favorably influence long-term outcomes.

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An LGI diet may reduce insulin resistance during pregnancy, support normal infant birth weight, and help prevent excessive maternal weight gain.
“Conversely, an LGI diet may reduce insulin resistance during pregnancy, support normal infant birth weight, and help prevent excessive maternal weight gain [82,83,84].”
From Medical Nutrition Therapy for Women with Gestational Diabetes: Current Practice and Future Perspectives (2025) · cites this paper as [84]

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A Randomized Controlled Trial Investigating the Effects of a Low–Glycemic Index Diet on Pregnancy Outcomes in Gestational
Louie, J. C. Y., Louie, Y., Markovic, T. P., Perera, N., Foote, D., Dipnutrdiet, B., Phd, P. P., Ross, G. P., & -Miller, J. C. B. (2016)

Authors: Moses, R. G., Luebcke, M., Davis, W. S., Coleman, K. J., Tapsell, L. C., Petocz, P., & Brand-Miller, J. C.
Affiliations: The University of Sydney (AU)
Corresponding author: Moses, Robert G
ORCID: Moses, Robert G
Tapsell, Linda C
Brand-Miller, Jennie C
Venue: The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2006-10
Volume: 84
Issue: 4
Pages: 807-812
ISSN: 0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/84.4.807
OpenAlex: W2136620978
Cited by: 219
References: 28
Citations by year: 2026: 6 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 25
FWCI: 10.54
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 5994 d)
Locations: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
UCLA - Biblioteca de Ciencias de la Salud (submittedVersion)
Research Online (University of Wollongong) (submittedVersion)
Figshare (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
Keywords: low glycemic index diet, pregnancy, nutrition counseling, fetal growth, birth weight, large for gestational age, ponderal index, dietary adherence, maternal blood glucose, high-fiber diet
MeSH terms: Adult, Birth Weight, Feeding Behavior, Female, Humans, Mothers, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Outcome, Pregnancy Trimester, First, Pregnancy Trimester, Second, Weight Gain, Glycemic Index

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Effect of a low-glycemic-index diet during pregnancy on obstetric outcomes

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