Cited by 263Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and LipoproteinsFood composition and propertiesDiabetes Treatment and Management

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Improved Plasma Glucose Control, Whole-Body Glucose Utilization, and Lipid Profile on a Low-Glycemic Index Diet in Type 2 Diabetic Men

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Rizkalla, Salwa W., Taghrid, Laika, Laromiguiere, Muriel, Huet, Dorothée, Boillot, Josette, Rigoir, Aude, Elgrably, Fabienne, Slama, Gerard·2004·Diabetes Care

DOI 10.2337/diacare.27.8.1866

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE—To determine whether a chronic low-glycemic index (LGI) diet, compared with a high-glycemic index (HGI) diet, has beneficial effects on plasma glucose control, lipid metabolism, total fat mass, and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Twelve type 2 diabetic men were randomly allocated to two periods of 4 weeks of an LGI or HGI carbohydrate diet separated by a 4-week washout interval, in a crossover design. RESULTS—The LGI diet induced lower postprandial plasma glucose and insulin profiles and areas under the curve than after the HGI diet. At the end of the two dietary periods, the 7-day dietary records demonstrated equal daily total energy and macronutrient intake. Body weight and total fat mass were comparable. Four-week LGI versus HGI diet induced improvement of fasting plasma glucose (P < 0.01, Δ changes during LGI vs. HGI), HbA1c (P < 0.01), and whole-body glucose utilization measured by the euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp (P < 0.05). LGI diet induced a decrease in fasting plasma total and LDL cholesterol (Δ changes LGI vs. HGI, P < 0.01), free fatty acids (P < 0.01), apolipoprotein B, and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 activity. CONCLUSIONS—Only 4 weeks of an LGI diet was able to improve glycemic control, glucose utilization, some lipid profiles, and the capacity for fibrinolysis in type 2 diabetes. Even if changes in glycemic control were modest during the 4-week period, the use of an LGI diet in a longer-term manner might play an important role in the treatment and prevention of diabetes and related disorders.

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Background
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Authors: Rizkalla, S. W., Taghrid, L., Laromiguiere, M., Huet, D., Boillot, J., Rigoir, A., Elgrably, F., & Slama, G.
Affiliations: Inserm (FR)
Hôtel-Dieu de Paris (FR)
Laboratory of Biochemistry, Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, Paris, France
Department of Diabetes, Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, Paris, France
ORCID: Rizkalla, Salwa W.
Venue: Diabetes Care
Publisher: American Diabetes Association
Published: 2004-08-01
Volume: 27
Issue: 8
Pages: 1866-1872
ISSN: 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
1935-5548
DOI: 10.2337/diacare.27.8.1866
OpenAlex: W2059885017
Cited by: 263
References: 42
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 18
FWCI: 9.54
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Diabetes Care (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale
Université Pierre et Marie Curie
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Food composition and properties
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
Keywords: low glycemic index diet, high glycemic index diet, type 2 diabetes, glycemic control, postprandial blood glucose, insulin resistance, lipid profile, LDL cholesterol, free fatty acids, apolipoprotein B, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, fibrinolysis, dietary carbohydrates
MeSH terms: Blood Glucose, Cholesterol, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Dietary Carbohydrates, Fibrinolysis, Glucose, Humans, Lipids, Male, Middle Aged, Triglycerides, Glycemic Index

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Improved Plasma Glucose Control, Whole-Body Glucose Utilization, and Lipid Profile on a Low-Glycemic Index Diet in Type 2 Diabetic Men

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