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The carbonate-silicate geochemical cycle and its effect on atmospheric carbon dioxide over the past 100 million years
Open accessAbstract
A computer model has been constructed that considers the effects on the CO/sub 2/ level of the atmosphere, and the Ca, Mg, and HCO/sub 3/ levels of the ocean, of the following processes: weathering on the continents of calcite, dolomite, and calcium-and-magnesium-containing silicates; biogenic precipitation and removal of CaCO/sub 3/ from the ocean; removal of Mg from the ocean via volcanic-seawater reaction; and the metamorphic-magmatic decarbonation of calcite and dolomite (and resulting CO/sub 2/ degassing) as a consequence of plate subduction. Assuming steady state, values for fluxes to and from the atmosphere and oceans are first derived for the modern ocean-atmosphere system. Then the consequences of perturbing steady state are examined by deriving rate expressions for all transfer reactions. These rate expressions are constructed so as to reflect changes over the past 100 my. Results indicate that the CO/sub 2/ content of the atmosphere is highly sensitive to changes in seafloor spreading rate and continental land area, and, to a much lesser extent, to changes in the relative masses of calcite and dolomite. Consideration of a number of alternative seafloor spreading rate formulations shows that in all cases a several-fold higher CO/sub 2/ level for the Cretaceous atmosphere (65-100 mymore » BP) is obtained via the model. Assuming that CO/sub 2/ level and surface air temperature are positively correlated via an atmospheric greenhouse model, they authors predict Cretaceous paleotemperatures which are in rough general agreement with independent published data. Consequently, their results point to plate tectonics, as it affects both metamorphic-magmatic decarbonation and changes in continental land area, as a major control of world climate.« less
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“The precipitation of carbonate minerals as a consequence of silicate weathering contributes to the stabilization of atmospheric CO 2 over geological time periods 4,7 and also contributes to the formation of pedogenic carbonates in both natural 8 and artificial soils 9 over much shorter time scales.”
From Rapid Removal of Atmospheric CO2 by Urban Soils (2015) · cites this paper as [4]
In the citing paper
“If the Ca or Mg in the carbonate is derived from silicate weathering, and weathering products, this process provides a means of effectively capturing and fixing atmospheric CO 2 .[4][5][6]”
From Rapid Removal of Atmospheric CO2 by Urban Soils (2015) · cites this paper as [4]
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Research works printed but not linked: 12
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Late Turonian (Cretaceous) climate cooling in Europe: faunal response and possible causes
Wiese, F., & Voigt, S. (2002) · Geobios · doi:10.1016/s0016-6995(02)00010-4 · Cited by 49
Geologic history of seawater: A MAGic approach to carbon chemistry and ocean ventilation
Arvidson, R. S., Mackenzie, F. T., & Guidry, M. (2013) · Chemical Geology · doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2013.10.012 · Cited by 49
“…the subducted slab of the seafloor or in deep sedimentary basins to form calcium silicate (CaSiO3) and release CO2 to the atmosphere via volcanism or seepage from the deep sedimentary basins (Mackenzie and Pigott, 1981; Berner et al., 1983; Berner and Kothavala, 2001; Berner, 2004; Milliken, 2004).”
BackgroundInfluentialTop-Ranked Priority Research Questions for Soil Science in the 21stCentury
Adewopo, J. B., VanZomeren, C. M., Bhomia, R. K., Almaraz, M., Bacon, A. R., Eggleston, E., Judy, J. D., Lewis, R. W., Lusk, M. G., Miller, B. A., et al. (2014) · Soil Science Society of America Journal · doi:10.2136/sssaj2013.07.0291 · Cited by 49
“Beyond regulating the existence and properties of soil, pedogenic processes also exert significant influence on Earth’s atmosphere (Berner et al., 1983; Raymo and Ruddiman, 1992), biosphere (Turner et al., 2012; Wardle et al., 2004), hydrosphere (Raymond et al., 2008), and lithosphere (Bazilevskaya…”
Li, L., Peters, C. A., & Celia, M. A. (2007) · American Journal of Science · doi:10.2475/10.2007.02 · Cited by 49
Jiang, K., Qi, H., & Hu, R. (2018) · Journal of Asian Earth Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2018.02.008 · Cited by 50
The 405 kyr and 2.4 Myr eccentricity components in Cenozoic carbon isotope records
Kocken, I., Cramwinckel, M. J., Zeebe, R. E., et al. (2019) · Climate of the past · doi:10.5194/cp-15-91-2019 · Cited by 49
“…timescales > 10 years, the δ 13 C of the global exo-genic carbon pool is largely controlled by carbon burial on the continental margins, where the isotopic composition of the buried carbon is mainly determined by the ratio between inorganic carbon and organic carbon (C org ) (Berner et al., 1983 .”
Sensitivity of equilibrium surface temperature of CCM3 to systematic changes in atmospheric CO2
Kothavala, Z., Oglesby, R. J., & Saltzman, B. (1999) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/1998gl900275 · Cited by 49
de Oliveira Garcia, W., Amann, T., Hartmann, J., Karstens, K., Popp, A., Boysen, L. R., Smith, P., & Goll, D. (2019) · doi:10.5194/bg-2019-386 · Cited by 48
Bufe, A., Cook, K., Galy, Α., Wittmann, H., & Hovius, N. (2022) · Earth Surface Dynamics · doi:10.5194/esurf-10-513-2022 · Cited by 50
Miller, K. G., Schmelz, W. J., Browning, J. V., Rosenthal, Y., Hess, A. V., Kopp, R. E., & Wright, J. D. (2024) · Earth Science Systems and Society · doi:10.3389/esss.2023.10091 · Cited by 52
Cracking the myth: Bivalve farming is not a CO 2 sink
Pernet, F., Dupont, S. T., Gattuso, J., Métian, M., & Gazeau, F. (2024) · Reviews in Aquaculture · doi:10.1111/raq.12954 · Cited by 54
Frings, P. J., Rocha, C. L. D. L., Struyf, E., Pelt, D. V., Schoelynck, J., Murray‐Hudson, M., Gondwe, M. J. S., Wolski, P., Mosimane, K., Gray, W. R., et al. (2014) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.gca.2014.07.007 · Cited by 49
Is the marine osmium isotope record a probe for CO2 release from sedimentary rocks?
Georg, R. B., West, A. J., Vance, D., Newman, K., & Halliday, A. N. (2013) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2013.02.018 · Cited by 48
Ragnheiðardóttir, E. V., Sigurðardóttir, H., Kristjánsdóttir, H., & Harvey, W. (2010) · International journal of greenhouse gas control · doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2010.11.010 · Cited by 55
“Carbon mineralization is a key process of the global carbon cycle in which atmospheric CO2 is stored (Berner et al., 1983).”
BackgroundTurner, R. J. W. (1992) · Chemical Geology · doi:10.1016/0009-2541(92)90037-6 · Cited by 48
Ruddiman, W. F. (2010) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1188292 · Cited by 48
Impact of global change on karst groundwater mineralization in the Jura Mountains
Jeannin, P., Hessenauer, M., Malard, A., et al. (2015) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.10.008 · Cited by 48
Saldi, G. D., Voltolini, M., & Knauss, K. G. (2017) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.gca.2017.02.007 · Cited by 49
Lybrand, R. A., & Rasmussen, C. (2017) · Geoderma · doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.10.042 · Cited by 48
“…role in the critical zone by transforming bedrock to a mantle of weathered rock and soil that delivers nutrients to ecosystems; stores and partitions water; and shapes climate change feedbacks with the global carbon cycle (Berner et al., 1983; White and Brantley, 1995; Dixon et al., 2009).”
BackgroundFundamental aspects of quantitative models for geochemical cycles
Lasaga, A. C., & Berner, R. A. (1998) · Chemical Geology · doi:10.1016/s0009-2541(97)00142-3 · Cited by 48
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Berner, R. A., Lasaga, A. C., & Garrels, R. M.
- Venue
- American Journal of Science
- Publisher
- American Journal of Science (AJS)
- Published
- 1983-09-01
- Volume
- 283
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 641-683
- ISSN
- 0002-9599 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2084849445
- Cited by
- 2,428
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 90 · 2025: 134 · 2024: 147 · 2023: 118 · 2022: 110 · 2021: 126 · 2020: 89 · 2019: 96 · 2018: 101 · 2017: 86 · 2016: 80 · 2015: 74 · 2014: 60 · 2013: 83 · 2012: 71
- FWCI
- 30.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- American Journal of Science (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geochemistry and Petrology › Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Keywords
- carbonate-silicate cycle, atmospheric CO2, air-sea CO2 flux, continental weathering, plate subduction, seafloor spreading rates, greenhouse effect, paleoclimate
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