Cited by 2,428Paleontology and Stratigraphy of FossilsGeology and Paleoclimatology ResearchGeological and Geochemical Analysis

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The carbonate-silicate geochemical cycle and its effect on atmospheric carbon dioxide over the past 100 million years

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Berner, R. A., Lasaga, A. C., Garrels, R. M.·1983·American Journal of Science

DOI 10.2475/ajs.283.7.641

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Abstract

A computer model has been constructed that considers the effects on the CO/sub 2/ level of the atmosphere, and the Ca, Mg, and HCO/sub 3/ levels of the ocean, of the following processes: weathering on the continents of calcite, dolomite, and calcium-and-magnesium-containing silicates; biogenic precipitation and removal of CaCO/sub 3/ from the ocean; removal of Mg from the ocean via volcanic-seawater reaction; and the metamorphic-magmatic decarbonation of calcite and dolomite (and resulting CO/sub 2/ degassing) as a consequence of plate subduction. Assuming steady state, values for fluxes to and from the atmosphere and oceans are first derived for the modern ocean-atmosphere system. Then the consequences of perturbing steady state are examined by deriving rate expressions for all transfer reactions. These rate expressions are constructed so as to reflect changes over the past 100 my. Results indicate that the CO/sub 2/ content of the atmosphere is highly sensitive to changes in seafloor spreading rate and continental land area, and, to a much lesser extent, to changes in the relative masses of calcite and dolomite. Consideration of a number of alternative seafloor spreading rate formulations shows that in all cases a several-fold higher CO/sub 2/ level for the Cretaceous atmosphere (65-100 mymore » BP) is obtained via the model. Assuming that CO/sub 2/ level and surface air temperature are positively correlated via an atmospheric greenhouse model, they authors predict Cretaceous paleotemperatures which are in rough general agreement with independent published data. Consequently, their results point to plate tectonics, as it affects both metamorphic-magmatic decarbonation and changes in continental land area, as a major control of world climate.« less

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Research works printed but not linked: 12

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Background
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“…Moras et al., 2022; Nduagu, 2012; Rau, 2008; Renforth and Henderson, 2017; Shaw et al., 2022); and the electrochemical conversion of saltwater into aqueous hydroxides and dispersal via coastal outfalls (de Lannoy et al., 2018; Eisaman et al., 2012, 2018, 2023; Lu et al., 2022; Tyka et al., 2022).”
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“Several models have been proposed to support that silicate weathering regulates global climate change, including “the BLAG model” (Berner et al., 1983), “upliftweathering” model (Chamberlin, 1899; Raymo et al., 1988; Raymo and Ruddiman, 1992; Edmond, 1992), and “seesaw balance” model (Li…”
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“…weathering rates on the basis of (1) empirical relations between temperature and riverine concentrations of dissolved ions liberated by weathering [Berner et al., 1983; Berner, 1991], (2) high-temperature laboratory experiments [Lagache, 1965] extrapolated to low temperatures [Walker et al.,…”
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The Geologic History of Seawater
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“They are apparently absent from the geologic record until their reappearance 1 Ga later in association with the very large Neoproterozoic ice ages (Beukes and Klein, 1992). Three explanations have been advanced for the hiatus in BIF deposition between 1.7 Ga and 0.7 Ga. The first proposes that the deposition of BIF en…”
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Growth-ring analysis of Early Tertiary conifer woods from the Canadian High Arctic and its paleoclimatic interpretation
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Untitled work
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Authors: Berner, R. A., Lasaga, A. C., & Garrels, R. M.
Venue: American Journal of Science
Publisher: American Journal of Science (AJS)
Published: 1983-09-01
Volume: 283
Issue: 7
Pages: 641-683
ISSN: 0002-9599 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.2475/ajs.283.7.641
OpenAlex: W2084849445
Cited by: 2,428
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 90 · 2025: 134 · 2024: 147 · 2023: 118 · 2022: 110 · 2021: 126 · 2020: 89 · 2019: 96 · 2018: 101 · 2017: 86 · 2016: 80 · 2015: 74 · 2014: 60 · 2013: 83 · 2012: 71
FWCI: 30.22
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: American Journal of Science (publishedVersion)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geochemistry and Petrology › Geological and Geochemical Analysis
Keywords: carbonate-silicate cycle, atmospheric CO2, air-sea CO2 flux, continental weathering, plate subduction, seafloor spreading rates, greenhouse effect, paleoclimate

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The carbonate-silicate geochemical cycle and its effect on atmospheric carbon dioxide over the past 100 million years

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