Cited by 2,883Innovations in Medical EducationHealth and Medical EducationCompetency Development and Evaluation

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 52 of the 53 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Competency-based medical education: Theory to practice.

Frank, Jason R., Snell, Linda S., Cate, Olle Ten, Holmboe, Eric S., Carraccio, Carol, Swing, Susan R., Harris, Peter, Glasgow, Nicholas J., Campbell, Craig, Dath, Deepak, Harden, Ronald M., Iobst, William, Long, Donlin M., Mungroo, Rani, Richardson, Denyse L., Sherbino, Jonathan, Silver, Ivan, Taber, Sarah, Talbot, Martin, Harris, Kenneth A.·2010·Medical Teacher

DOI 10.3109/0142159x.2010.501190

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Although competency-based medical education (CBME) has attracted renewed interest in recent years among educators and policy-makers in the health care professions, there is little agreement on many aspects of this paradigm. We convened a unique partnership - the International CBME Collaborators - to examine conceptual issues and current debates in CBME. We engaged in a multi-stage group process and held a consensus conference with the aim of reviewing the scholarly literature of competency-based medical education, identifying controversies in need of clarification, proposing definitions and concepts that could be useful to educators across many jurisdictions, and exploring future directions for this approach to preparing health professionals. In this paper, we describe the evolution of CBME from the outcomes movement in the 20th century to a renewed approach that, focused on accountability and curricular outcomes and organized around competencies, promotes greater learner-centredness and de-emphasizes time-based curricular design. In this paradigm, competence and related terms are redefined to emphasize their multi-dimensional, dynamic, developmental, and contextual nature. CBME therefore has significant implications for the planning of medical curricula and will have an important impact in reshaping the enterprise of medical education. We elaborate on this emerging CBME approach and its related concepts, and invite medical educators everywhere to enter into further dialogue about the promise and the potential perils of competency-based medical curricula for the 21st century.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.3109/0142159x.2010.501190

Cites

52 of 52 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

The Cambridge Handbook of Expertise and Expert Performance
Ericsson, K. A., Charness, N. H., Feltovich, P. J., Hoffman, R. R., Michelene, T. H., Hunt, E., Prietula, M. J., Amirault, R. J., Branson, R. K., Buchanan, B. G., et al. (2006) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511816796 · Cited by 3,160
Defining and Assessing Professional Competence
Epstein, R. M. (2002) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.287.2.226 · Cited by 3,114
Basic Principles of Curriculum and Instruction
Tyler, R. W. (1969) · University of Chicago Press eBooks · doi:10.7208/chicago/9780226820323.001.0001 · Cited by 3,034
Deliberate Practice and the Acquisition and Maintenance of Expert Performance in Medicine and Related Domains
Ericsson, K. A. (2004) · Academic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00001888-200410001-00022 · Cited by 2,988 · cited 1×
“The current view of physician competence is that it involves multiple domains of ability, in keeping with the work of Epstein and Hundert (2002), Gardner’s work on multiple intelligences (2006), and expertise theory (Ericsson 2004; Ericsson et al. 2006).”
Result
Cognitive and Analytical Psychology Howard Gardner .Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences. New York, Basic Books, 1983.
Thompson, K. (1985) · The San Francisco Jung Institute Library Journal · doi:10.1525/jung.1.1985.5.4.40 · Cited by 1,631
The Five-Stage model of adult skill acquisition
Dreyfus, S. E. (2004) · Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society · doi:10.1177/0270467604264992 · Cited by 1,261 · cited 1×
“For each domain of competence, there is a corresponding spectrum of ability from novice to master, as described by Dreyfus (2004; see also Carraccio et al. 2008).”
Background
Entrustability of professional activities and competency‐based training
ten Cate, O. (2005) · Medical Education · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2929.2005.02341.x · Cited by 1,238
Self-citation
Viewpoint: Competency-Based Postgraduate Training: Can We Bridge the Gap between Theory and Clinical Practice?
ten Cate, O., & Scheele, F. (2007) · Academic Medicine · doi:10.1097/acm.0b013e31805559c7 · Cited by 1,162
Self-citation
The CanMEDS initiative: implementing an outcomes-based framework of physician competencies
Frank, J. R., & Danoff, D. S. (2007) · Medical Teacher · doi:10.1080/01421590701746983 · Cited by 1,005
Self-citation
Shifting Paradigms
Carraccio, C. L., Wolfsthal, S. D., Englander, R., Ferentz, K. S., & Martin, C. (2002) · Academic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00001888-200205000-00003 · Cited by 979
Self-citation

Show all 53 references

Research works printed but not linked: 10

Bell HS, 1997, Fam Med, 29, 701
Diwakar V, 2002, BMJ, 235, 693
du Toit R, 2010, Rural Remote Health., 10, 1278
Gardner H, 2006, Multiple intelligences: New horizons in theory and practice
Levine D, 1985, Improving student achievement through mastery learning
Neufeld VR, 1993, CMAJ, 148, 1471
Paulson K, 2001, New Dir Inst Res, 110, 41
Pruitt SD, 2005, BMJ330, 637
Rubin SE, 1984, Educ Leadersh, 41, 37
Voorhees RA, 2001, New Dir Inst Res, 110, 5

Sorted by citations

Items 201–300 of 1,003

Measuring Change in Nurses’ Perceptions About Family Nursing Competency Following a 6-Day Educational Intervention
Broekema, S., Luttik, M. L., Steggerda, G., Paans, W., & Roodbol, P. F. (2018) · Journal of Family Nursing · doi:10.1177/1074840718812145 · Cited by 57
Trusting Graduates to Enter Residency: What Does It Take?
ten Cate, O. (2014) · Journal of Graduate Medical Education · doi:10.4300/jgme-d-13-00436.1 · Cited by 57
Self-citation
Similarities and differences of graduate entry-level competencies of chiropractic councils on education: a systematic review
Innes, S. I., Leboeuf‐Yde, C., & Walker, B. F. (2016) · Chiropractic & Manual Therapies · doi:10.1186/s12998-016-0084-0 · Cited by 57
Bridging the gap: a five stage approach for developing specialty-specific entrustable professional activities
Kwan, J., Crampton, R., Mogensen, L. L., Weaver, R., van der Vleuten, C. P. M., & Hu, W. C. Y. (2016) · BMC Medical Education · doi:10.1186/s12909-016-0637-x · Cited by 56
Aiming Beyond Competent: The Application of the Taxonomy of Significant Learning to Medical Education
Branzetti, J. B., Gisondi, M. A., Hopson, L. R., & Regan, L. A. (2019) · Teaching and Learning in Medicine · doi:10.1080/10401334.2018.1561368 · Cited by 63
Developing and Successfully Implementing a Competency-Based Portfolio Assessment System in a Postgraduate Family Medicine Residency Program
McEwen, L. A., Griffiths, J., & Schultz, K. (2015) · Academic Medicine · doi:10.1097/acm.0000000000000754 · Cited by 56
Development of a Team Performance Scale to Assess Undergraduate Health Professionals
Sigalet, E., Donnon, T., Cheng, A., Cooke, S., Robinson, T., Bissett, W., & Grant, V. J. (2013) · Academic Medicine · doi:10.1097/acm.0b013e318294fd45 · Cited by 55
Essential Facets of Competence That Enable Trust in Graduates: A Delphi Study Among Physician Educators in the Netherlands
Wijnen‐Meijer, M., van der Schaaf, M. F., Nillesen, K., Harendza, S., & ten Cate, O. (2013) · Journal of Graduate Medical Education · doi:10.4300/jgme-d-11-00324.1 · Cited by 54
Self-citation
Do OSCE progress test scores predict performance in a national high‐stakes examination?
Pugh, D., Bhanji, F., Cole, G., Dupré, J., Hatala, R. A., Humphrey-Murto, S. M., Touchie, C., & Wood, T. J. (2016) · Medical Education · doi:10.1111/medu.12942 · Cited by 55
Curriculum reform for residency training: competence, change, and opportunities for leadership
Fraser, A. B., Stodel, E. J., & Chaput, A. J. (2016) · Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d anesthésie · doi:10.1007/s12630-016-0637-7 · Cited by 55
American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine expert panel recommendations on point-of-care ultrasound education and training for regional anesthesiologists and pain physicians—part I: clinical indications
Haskins, S. C., Bronshteyn, Y. S., Perlas, A., El‐Boghdadly, K., Zimmerman, J., da Silva, M. V., Boretsky, K. R., Chan, V. W. S., Kruisselbrink, R., Byrne, M., et al. (2021) · Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine · doi:10.1136/rapm-2021-102560 · Cited by 61
Primary healthcare competencies needed in the management of person-centred integrated care for chronic illness and multimorbidity: Results of a scoping review
Michielsen, L., Bischoff, E. W. M. A., Schermer, T. R., & Laurant, M. G. H. (2022) · BMC Family Practice · doi:10.1186/s12875-023-02050-4 · Cited by 59
Early Feedback on the Use of the Internal Medicine Reporting Milestones in Assessment of Resident Performance
Aagaard, E., Kane, G. C., Conforti, L. N., Hood, S., Caverzagie, K. J., Smith, C. D., Chick, D. A., Holmboe, E. S., & Iobst, W. F. (2013) · Journal of Graduate Medical Education · doi:10.4300/jgme-d-13-00001.1 · Cited by 54
Self-citation
The Development and Validation of Hand Motion Analysis to Evaluate Competency in Central Line Catheterization
Clinkard, D., Holden, M., Ungi, T., Messenger, D. W., Davison, C., Gabor Fichtinger, A., & McGraw, R. C. (2015) · Academic Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1111/acem.12590 · Cited by 54
Neonatal–perinatal medicine fellow procedural experience and competency determination: results of a national survey
Sawyer, T., French, H. M., Ades, A. M., & Johnston, L. (2016) · Journal of Perinatology · doi:10.1038/jp.2016.19 · Cited by 54
Can clinical case discussions foster clinical reasoning skills in undergraduate medical education? A randomised controlled trial
Weidenbusch, M. J., Lenzer, B., Sailer, M., Strobel, C., Kunisch, R., Kiesewetter, J., Fischer, M. R., & Zottmann, J. (2019) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025973 · Cited by 54
How to safeguard competency and training in invasive prenatal diagnosis: ‘the elephant in the room’
Hui, L., Tabor, A., Walker, S. P., & Kilby, M. D. (2015) · Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1002/uog.15806 · Cited by 53
Assumptions About Competency-Based Medical Education and the State of the Underlying Evidence: A Critical Narrative Review
Brydges, R., Boyd, V., Tavares, W., Ginsburg, S., Kuper, A., Anderson, M. A., & Stroud, L. F. (2020) · Academic Medicine · doi:10.1097/acm.0000000000003781 · Cited by 53
Review article: New directions in medical education related to anesthesiology and perioperative medicine
Bould, M. D., Naik, V. N., & Hamstra, S. J. (2011) · Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d anesthésie · doi:10.1007/s12630-011-9633-0 · Cited by 49
Core competencies for pharmaceutical physicians and drug development scientists
Silva, H., Stonier, P., Bühler, F. R., Deslypère, J. P., Criscuolo, D., Nell, G. K. H., Filho, J. M., Geary, S., Schenk, J., Kerpel‐Fronius, S., et al. (2013) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2013.00105 · Cited by 53
Exploring How the New Entrustable Professional Activity Assessment Tools Affect the Quality of Feedback Given to Medical Oncology Residents
Tomiak, A. T., Braund, H., Egan, R. G., Dalgarno, N., Emack, J., Reid, M.-A., & Hammad, N. (2019) · Journal of Cancer Education · doi:10.1007/s13187-018-1456-z · Cited by 53
Scoping review: Diagnostic reasoning as a component of clinical reasoning in the U.S. primary care nurse practitioner education
Smith, S., Benbenek, M. M., Bakker, C., & Bockwoldt, D. (2022) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.15414 · Cited by 54
Competence By Design: a transformational national model of time-variable competency-based postgraduate medical education
Frank, J. R., Karpinski, J., Sherbino, J., Snell, L. S., Atkinson, A. R., Oswald, A., Hall, A. K., Cooke, L., Dojeiji, S., Richardson, D. L., et al. (2024) · Perspectives on Medical Education · doi:10.5334/pme.1096 · Cited by 64
Self-citation
A case for competency-based anaesthesiology training with entrustable professional activities
Jonker, G., Hoff, R. G., & ten Cate, O. (2014) · European Journal of Anaesthesiology · doi:10.1097/eja.0000000000000109 · Cited by 52
Self-citation
American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine expert panel recommendations on point-of-care ultrasound education and training for regional anesthesiologists and pain physicians—part II: recommendations
Haskins, S. C., Bronshteyn, Y. S., Perlas, A., El‐Boghdadly, K., Zimmerman, J., da Silva, M. V., Boretsky, K. R., Chan, V. W. S., Kruisselbrink, R., Byrne, M., et al. (2021) · Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine · doi:10.1136/rapm-2021-102561 · Cited by 52
Cultural Complementarity: Reshaping professional and organizational logics in developing frontline medical leadership
Noordegraaf, M., Schneider, M. M. E., van Rensen, E. L. J., & Boselie, P. (2015) · Public Management Review · doi:10.1080/14719037.2015.1066416 · Cited by 52
Academy of Pediatric Education and Leadership: Preparing Leaders for Educational Innovation
Hobson, W. L., Carey, J. C., & Bale, J. F. (2011) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2011-0662 · Cited by 51
“They Have to Adapt to Learn”: Surgeons’ Perspectives on the Role of Procedural Variation in Surgical Education
Apramian, T., Cristancho, S., Watling, C., Ott, M. C., & Lingard, L. A. (2015) · Journal of surgical education · doi:10.1016/j.jsurg.2015.10.016 · Cited by 51
How do small groups make decisions?: A theoretical framework to inform the implementation and study of clinical competency committees
Chahine, S., Cristancho, S., Padgett, J. J., & Lingard, L. A. (2017) · Perspectives on Medical Education · doi:10.1007/s40037-017-0357-x · Cited by 51
Going against the grain: An exploration of agency in medical learning
Watling, C., Ginsburg, S., LaDonna, K. A., Lingard, L., & Field, E. (2021) · Medical Education · doi:10.1111/medu.14532 · Cited by 51
The Transformational Path Ahead: Competency-Based Medical Education in Family Medicine
Holmboe, E. S. (2021) · Family Medicine · doi:10.22454/fammed.2021.296914 · Cited by 61
Self-citation
Integrating learning assessment and supervision in a competency framework for clinical workplace education
Embo, M. P. C., Driessen, E. W., Valcke, M., & van der Vleuten, C. P. M. (2014) · Nurse Education Today · doi:10.1016/j.nedt.2014.11.022 · Cited by 50
Exploring Residents’ Communication Learning Process in the Workplace: A Five-Phase Model
van den Eertwegh, V., van der Vleuten, C. P. M., Stalmeijer, R. E., van Dalen, J., Scherpbier, A. J. J. A., & van Dulmen, S. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0125958 · Cited by 49
The Internal Medicine Reporting Milestones: Cross-sectional Description of Initial Implementation in U.S. Residency Programs
Hauer, K. E., Clauser, J. C., Lipner, R. S., Holmboe, E. S., Caverzagie, K. J., Hamstra, S. J., Hood, S., Iobst, W. F., Warm, E. J., & McDonald, F. S. (2016) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/m15-2411 · Cited by 51
Self-citation
The Health Impacts of Climate Change: A Continuing Medical Education Needs Assessment Framework
Valois, P., Blouin, P., Ouellet, C., Renaud, J., Bélanger, D., & Gosselin, P. (2016) · Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Professions · doi:10.1097/ceh.0000000000000084 · Cited by 48
Refining Supervisory Practices in the Field of Behavior Analysis: Introduction to the Special Section on Supervision
Leblanc, L. A., & Luiselli, J. K. (2016) · Behavior Analysis in Practice · doi:10.1007/s40617-016-0156-6 · Cited by 50
A systematic review of digital badges in health care education
Noyes, J. A., Welch, P. M., Johnson, J. W., & Carbonneau, K. J. (2020) · Medical Education · doi:10.1111/medu.14060 · Cited by 60
Thresholds of Principle and Preference
Apramian, T., Cristancho, S., Watling, C., Ott, M. C., & Lingard, L. A. (2015) · Academic Medicine · doi:10.1097/acm.0000000000000909 · Cited by 50
Making the Case for Mastery Learning Assessments
Lineberry, M. C., Park, Y. S., Cook, D. A., & Yudkowsky, R. (2015) · Academic Medicine · doi:10.1097/acm.0000000000000860 · Cited by 52
A Survey of Established Veterinary Clinical Skills Laboratories from Europe and North America: Present Practices and Recent Developments
Dilly, M., Read, E. K., & Baillie, S. (2017) · Journal of Veterinary Medical Education · doi:10.3138/jvme.0216-030r1 · Cited by 49
Critical Thoughts About the Core Entrustable Professional Activities in Undergraduate Medical Education
Krupat, E. (2017) · Academic Medicine · doi:10.1097/acm.0000000000001865 · Cited by 48
Expert Intraoperative Judgment and Decision-Making: Defining the Cognitive Competencies for Safe Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Madani, A., Watanabe, Y., Feldman, L. S., Vassiliou, M. C., Barkun, J. S., Fried, G. M., & Aggarwal, R. K. (2015) · Journal of the American College of Surgeons · doi:10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2015.07.450 · Cited by 48
Development and alignment of undergraduate medical curricula in a web-based, dynamic Learning Opportunities, Objectives and Outcome Platform (LOOOP)
Balzer, F., Hautz, W. E., Spies, C., Bietenbeck, A., Dittmar, M., Sugiharto, F., Lehmann, L., Eisenmann, D., Bubser, F., Stieg, M., et al. (2015) · Medical Teacher · doi:10.3109/0142159x.2015.1035054 · Cited by 49
Competency-Based Medical Education: The Wave of the Future
Caccia, N. C., Nakajima, A., & Kent, N. (2015) · Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada · doi:10.1016/s1701-2163(15)30286-3 · Cited by 48
McMaster Modular Assessment Program (McMAP) Through the Years: Residents' Experience With an Evolving Feedback Culture Over a 3‐year Period
Li, S., Sherbino, J., & Chan, T. M. (2016) · AEM Education and Training · doi:10.1002/aet2.10009 · Cited by 42
Self-citation
Medical students’ participation in the Volunteering Program during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study about motivation and the development of new competencies
Siqueira, M. A. M., Torsani, M. B., Gameiro, G. R., Chinelatto, L. A., Mikahil, B. C., Tempski, P. Z., & Martins, M. A. (2022) · BMC Medical Education · doi:10.1186/s12909-022-03147-7 · Cited by 51
Competency-based undergraduate curriculum: A critical view
Kumar, P., Sharma, R. K., & Bakshi, H. (2019) · Indian Journal of Community Medicine · doi:10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_206_19 · Cited by 48
Assessment challenges in competency-based education: A case study in health professions education
Fitzgerald, J. T., Burkhardt, J., Kasten, S. J., Mullan, P. B., Santen, S. A., Sheets, K. J., Tsai, A., Vasquez, J. A., & Gruppen, L. D. (2015) · Medical Teacher · doi:10.3109/0142159x.2015.1047754 · Cited by 47
The effect of reflective activities on instrumental learning in adult work-related education: A critical review of the empirical research
Roessger, K. M. (2014) · Educational Research Review · doi:10.1016/j.edurev.2014.06.002 · Cited by 54
Development of a Competency Framework for Quality Improvement in Family Medicine: A Qualitative Study
Czabanowska, K., Klemenc–Ketiš, Z., Potter, A., Rochfort, A., Tomasik, T., Csiszar, J., & Bussche, P. V. (2012) · Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Professions · doi:10.1002/chp.21142 · Cited by 47
Spatial abilities and technical skills performance in health care: a systematic review
Langlois, J., Bellemare, C. A., Toulouse, J., & Wells, G. A. (2015) · Medical Education · doi:10.1111/medu.12786 · Cited by 48
Variations in assessment and certification in postgraduate anaesthesia training: a European survey
Jonker, G., Manders, L. A., Marty, A., Kalkman, C. J., ten Cate, O., Gessel, E. F. V., & Hoff, R. G. (2017) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1093/bja/aex196 · Cited by 47
Self-citation
Getting Inside the Expert’s Head: An Analysis of Physician Cognitive Processes During Trauma Resuscitations
White, M. R., Braund, H., Howes, D. W., Egan, R. G., Gegenfurtner, A., van Merriënboer, J. J. G., & Szulewski, A. (2018) · Annals of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2018.03.005 · Cited by 48
Developing a video‐based method to compare and adjust examiner effects in fully nested OSCEs
Yeates, P., Cope, N. A., Hawarden, A., Bradshaw, H., McCray, G., & Homer, M. (2018) · Medical Education · doi:10.1111/medu.13783 · Cited by 46
Competency-based resident education—The Canadian perspective
Harris, K. A., Nousiainen, M. T., & Reznick, R. K. (2019) · Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.surg.2019.06.033 · Cited by 47
Self-citation
Developing a dashboard to meet Competence Committee needs: a design-based research project
Thoma, B., Bandi, V., Carey, R. G., Mondal, D., Woods, R. A., Martin, L. J., & Chan, T. M. (2020) · Canadian Medical Education Journal · doi:10.36834/cmej.68903 · Cited by 47
World Workshop on Oral Medicine VI: an international validation study of clinical competencies for advanced training in oral medicine
Steele, J. C., Clark, H., Hong, C., Jurge, S., Muthukrishnan, A., Kerr, A. R., Wray, D., Prescott‐Clements, L., Felix, D. H., & Sollecito, T. P. (2015) · Oral Surgery Oral Medicine Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology · doi:10.1016/j.oooo.2014.12.026 · Cited by 46
Forces driving change in pharmacy education: Opportunities to take academic, social, technological, economic, and political into the future
Rhoney, D. H., Singleton, S. F., Nelson, N. R., Anderson, S. M., & Hubal, R. C. (2021) · JACCP JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CLINICAL PHARMACY · doi:10.1002/jac5.1407 · Cited by 46
The Need for Competency-Based Education
Rhoney, D. H., Chen, A. M. H., Churchwell, M. D., Daugherty, K. K., Jarrett, J. B., Kleppinger, E. L., Nawarskas, J. J., Sibicky, S. L., Stowe, C. D., & Meyer, S. M. (2024) · American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education · doi:10.1016/j.ajpe.2024.100706 · Cited by 59
A Milestone in the Milestones Movement: the JGME Milestones Supplement
Sullivan, G. M., SIMPSON, D. E., Cooney, T. G., & Beresin, E. V. (2013) · Journal of Graduate Medical Education · doi:10.4300/jgme-05-01s1-08 · Cited by 46
A scoping review of competencies for scientific editors of biomedical journals
Galipeau, J., Barbour, V., Baskin, P. K., Bell-Syer, S. E., Cobey, K. D., Cumpston, M., Deeks, J. J., Garner, P., MacLehose, H. G., Shamseer, L., et al. (2016) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12916-016-0561-2 · Cited by 51
Transforming Medical Education: Is Competency-Based Medical Education the Right Approach?
Whitcomb, M. E. (2015) · Academic Medicine · doi:10.1097/acm.0000000000001049 · Cited by 46
Identifying and Promoting Best Practices in Residency Application and Selection in a Complex Academic Health Network
Bandiera, G. W., Abrahams, C., Ruetalo, M., Hanson, M. D., Nickell, L. A., & Spadafora, S. M. (2015) · Academic Medicine · doi:10.1097/acm.0000000000000954 · Cited by 46
A real-world approach to Evidence-Based Medicine in general practice: a competency framework derived from a systematic review and Delphi process
Galbraith, K., Ward, A. M., & Heneghan, C. (2017) · BMC Medical Education · doi:10.1186/s12909-017-0916-1 · Cited by 48
Effects of Transcranial Direct-Current Stimulation on Neurosurgical Skill Acquisition: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Ciechanski, P., Cheng, A., Lopushinsky, S. R., Hecker, K. G., Gan, L. S., Lang, S., Zareinia, K., & Kirton, A. (2017) · World Neurosurgery · doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2017.08.123 · Cited by 46
Development of a Postgraduate Community Pharmacist Specialization Program Using CanMEDS Competencies, and Entrustable Professional Activities
Westein, M. P. D., de Vries, H., Floor‐Schreudering, A., Koster, A. S., & Buurma, H. (2018) · American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education · doi:10.5688/ajpe6863 · Cited by 46
Data, Big and Small: Emerging Challenges to Medical Education Scholarship
Ellaway, R., Topps, D., & Pusic, M. V. (2018) · Academic Medicine · doi:10.1097/acm.0000000000002465 · Cited by 46
Examining the educational impact of the mini-CEX: a randomised controlled study
Martinsen, S. S. S., Espeland, T., Berg, E. A. R., Samstad, E., Lillebo, B., & Slørdahl, T. S. (2021) · BMC Medical Education · doi:10.1186/s12909-021-02670-3 · Cited by 45
The role of virtual reality simulation in surgical training in the light of COVID-19 pandemic
Sommer, G. M., Broschewitz, J., Huppert, S., Sommer, C. G., Jahn, N., Jansen‐Winkeln, B., Gockel, I., & Hau, H. (2021) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000027844 · Cited by 47
The Urgency of Now: Rethinking and Improving Assessment Practices in Medical Education Programs
Holmboe, E. S., Osman, N. Y., Murphy, C. M., & Kogan, J. R. (2023) · Academic Medicine · doi:10.1097/acm.0000000000005251 · Cited by 45
Self-citation
Projecting the Future Pediatric Subspecialty Workforce: Summary and Recommendations
Orr, C. J., McCartha, E. B., Vinci, R. J., Mink, R. B., Leonard, M. B., Bissell, M., Gaona, A. R., & Leslie, L. K. (2024) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2023-063678t · Cited by 45
The Pediatrics Milestones: Initial Evidence for Their Use as Learning Road Maps for Residents
Schumacher, D. J., Lewis, K. O., Burke, A. E., Smith, M. L., Schumacher, J. B., Pitman, M. A., Ludwig, S., Hicks, P. J., Guralnick, S., Englander, R., et al. (2012) · Academic Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.acap.2012.09.003 · Cited by 45
Self-citation
Graduate Medical Education
Aschenbrener, C. A., Ast, C., & Kirch, D. G. (2015) · Academic Medicine · doi:10.1097/acm.0000000000000829 · Cited by 47
The development of a role description and competency map for pharmacists in an interprofessional care setting
Benson, H., Lucas, C., Benrimoj, S. I., & Williams, K. A. (2019) · International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy · doi:10.1007/s11096-019-00808-4 · Cited by 45
Essential facets of competence that enable trust in medical graduates: a ranking study among physician educators in two countries
Wijnen‐Meijer, M., Nillesen, K., ten Cate, O., van der Schaaf, M. F., & Harendza, S. (2013) · Perspectives on Medical Education · doi:10.1007/s40037-013-0090-z · Cited by 45
Self-citation
The desirable qualities of future doctors – A study of medical student perceptions
Hurwitz, S., Kelly, B. J., POWIS, D. A., Smyth, R., & Lewin, T. J. (2013) · Medical Teacher · doi:10.3109/0142159x.2013.770130 · Cited by 45
Improving medical students' knowledge of genetic disease: a review of current and emerging pedagogical practices
Wolyniak, M. J., Bemis, L., & Prunuske, A. J. (2015) · Advances in Medical Education and Practice · doi:10.2147/amep.s73644 · Cited by 51
EFSUMB statement on medical student education in ultrasound [short version]
Cantisani, V., Dietrich, C. F., Badea, R., Dudea, S. M., Prosch, H., Cerezo, E., Nuernberg, D., Serra, A. L., Sidhu, P. S., Radziņa, M., et al. (2016) · Ultraschall in der Medizin - European Journal of Ultrasound · doi:10.1055/s-0035-1566959 · Cited by 46
Entrustment Ratings in Internal Medicine Training: Capturing Meaningful Supervision Decisions or Just Another Rating?
Hatala, R. A., Ginsburg, S., Hauer, K. E., & Gingerich, A. (2019) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11606-019-04878-y · Cited by 44
A call to action: Building evidence for use of simulation in nurse practitioner education
Jeffries, P. R., Bigley, M. B., McNelis, A. M., Cartier, J. M., Pintz, C., Slaven-Lee, P. W., & Zychowicz, M. E. (2019) · Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners · doi:10.1097/jxx.0000000000000335 · Cited by 47
Implementing Competency-Based Medical Education in Family Medicine: A Narrative Review of Current Trends in Assessment
Danilovich, N., Kitto, S. C., Price, D. W., Campbell, C. B., Hodgson, A., & HENDRY, P. J. (2021) · Family Medicine · doi:10.22454/fammed.2021.453158 · Cited by 49
Self-citation
Developing digital creativity through authentic assessment
van Rensburg, C. J., Coetzee, S. A., & Schmulian, A. (2021) · Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/02602938.2021.1968791 · Cited by 60
Teaching Medical Students to Teach: A Narrative Review and Literature-Informed Recommendations for Student-as-Teacher Curricula
Cohen, A., Steinert, Y., & Cea, E. R. (2022) · Academic Medicine · doi:10.1097/acm.0000000000004608 · Cited by 52
An international study on the implementation of programmatic assessment: Understanding challenges and exploring solutions
Torre, D. M., Schuwirth, L., van der Vleuten, C. P. M., & Heeneman, S. (2022) · Medical Teacher · doi:10.1080/0142159x.2022.2083487 · Cited by 44
Designing and Implementing a Competency-Based Training Program for Anesthesiology Residents at the University of Ottawa
Stodel, E. J., Wyand, A., Crooks, S., Moffett, S., Chiu, M., & Hudson, C. C. C. (2015) · Anesthesiology Research and Practice · doi:10.1155/2015/713038 · Cited by 43
The What or the How: a Review of Teaching Tools and Methods in Medical Education
Mourad, A., Jurjus, A. R., & Hussein, I. H. (2016) · Medical Science Educator · doi:10.1007/s40670-016-0323-y · Cited by 43
Competency-Based Training and Simulation: Making a “Valid” Argument
Noureldin, Y. A., Lee, J. Y., McDougall, E. M., & Sweet, R. M. (2018) · Journal of Endourology · doi:10.1089/end.2017.0650 · Cited by 43
The Ultrasound Competency Assessment Tool (UCAT): Development and Evaluation of a Novel Competency‐based Assessment Tool for Point‐of‐care Ultrasound
Bell, C. R., Hall, A. K., Wagner, N., Rang, L. C. F., Newbigging, J., & McKaigney, C. J. (2020) · AEM Education and Training · doi:10.1002/aet2.10520 · Cited by 43
Developing a competency-based medical education curriculum for the core basic medical sciences in an African Medical School
Olapade-Olaopa, O., Adaramoye, O. A., Raji, Y., Fasola, A. O., & Olopade, F. (2016) · Advances in Medical Education and Practice · doi:10.2147/amep.s100660 · Cited by 42
Competency-Based Medical Education: Developing a Framework for Obstetrics and Gynaecology
Caccia, N. C., Nakajima, A., Scheele, F., & Kent, N. (2015) · Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada · doi:10.1016/s1701-2163(16)30076-7 · Cited by 42
Procedural training and assessment of competency utilizing simulation
Sawyer, T., & Gray, M. M. (2016) · Seminars in Perinatology · doi:10.1053/j.semperi.2016.08.004 · Cited by 42
Competency-Based Medical Education and Assessment of Training: Review of Selected National Obstetrics and Gynaecology Curricula
Garofalo, M., & Aggarwal, R. K. (2017) · Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada · doi:10.1016/j.jogc.2017.01.024 · Cited by 42
Surgical Education, Simulation, and Simulators—Updating the Concept of Validity
Goldenberg, M. G., & Lee, J. Y. (2018) · Current Urology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11934-018-0799-7 · Cited by 42
Understanding the Mentoring Environment Through Thematic Analysis of the Learning Environment in Medical Education: a Systematic Review
Hee, J. M., Yap, H. W., Ong, Z. X., Quek, S. Q. M., Toh, Y. P., Mason, S. R., & Krishna, L. K. R. (2019) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11606-019-05000-y · Cited by 45
Providing quality feedback to general internal medicine residents in a competency-based assessment environment
Marcotte, L., Egan, R. G., Soleas, E., Dalgarno, N., Norris, M., & Smith, C. A. (2019) · Canadian Medical Education Journal · doi:10.36834/cmej.57323 · Cited by 42
European Section/Board of Anaesthesiology/European Society of Anaesthesiology consensus statement on competency-based education and training in anaesthesiology
Shorten, G., ROBERTIS, E. D., Goldik, Z., Kietaibl, S. A., Niemi‐Murola, L., & Sabeļņikovs, O. (2020) · European Journal of Anaesthesiology · doi:10.1097/eja.0000000000001201 · Cited by 46
Making sense of competency-based medical education (CBME) literary conversations: A BEME scoping review: BEME Guide No. 78
Hamza, D. M., Hauer, K. E., Oswald, A., van Melle, E., Ladak, Z., Zuna, I., Assefa, M. E., Pelletier, G. N., Sebastianski, M., Keto-Lambert, D., et al. (2023) · Medical Teacher · doi:10.1080/0142159x.2023.2168525 · Cited by 41
Psychiatry training for medical students: A global perspective and implications for India’s competency-based medical education curriculum
Gupta, S., & Menon, V. (2022) · Indian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_187_22 · Cited by 41
Using Natural Language Processing to Evaluate the Quality of Supervisor Narrative Comments in Competency-Based Medical Education
Spadafore, M., Yılmaz, Y., Rally, V., Chan, T. M., Russell, M., Thoma, B., Singh, S., Monteiro, S., Pardhan, A., Martin, L. J., et al. (2024) · Academic Medicine · doi:10.1097/acm.0000000000005634 · Cited by 41
Giving Context to the Physician Competency Reference Set: Adapting to the Needs of Diverse Populations
Eckstrand, K., Potter, J. E., Bayer, C. R., & Englander, R. (2016) · Academic Medicine · doi:10.1097/acm.0000000000001088 · Cited by 44

Authors: Frank, J. R., Snell, L. S., Cate, O. T., Holmboe, E. S., Carraccio, C., Swing, S. R., Harris, P., Glasgow, N. J., Campbell, C., Dath, D., Harden, R. M., Iobst, W., Long, D. M., Mungroo, R., Richardson, D. L., Sherbino, J., Silver, I., Taber, S., Talbot, M., & Harris, K. A.
Affiliations: University of Ottawa (CA)
McGill University (CA)
University Medical Center Utrecht (NL)
American Board of Internal Medicine (US)
University of Maryland, Baltimore (US)
Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (US)
UNSW Sydney (AU)
Australian National University (AU)
Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada (CA)
University of Dundee (GB)
Johns Hopkins University (US)
University of Toronto (CA)
University of London (GB)
Western University (CA)
Corresponding author: Frank, Jason R.
ORCID: Frank, Jason R.
Snell, Linda S.
Cate, Olle Ten
Holmboe, Eric S.
Carraccio, Carol
Harris, Peter
Glasgow, Nicholas J.
Campbell, Craig
Harden, Ronald M.
Mungroo, Rani
Richardson, Denyse L.
Sherbino, Jonathan
Silver, Ivan
Taber, Sarah
Venue: Medical Teacher
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2010-07-27
Volume: 32
Issue: 8
Pages: 638-645
ISSN: 0142-159X (ISSN-L)
1466-187X
DOI: 10.3109/0142159x.2010.501190
OpenAlex: W2157641530
Semantic Scholar: 15d85edcb3f68177a567bcab4c1f05945697f6ea
Cited by: 2,883
References: 53
Citations by year: 2026: 465 · 2025: 270 · 2024: 228 · 2023: 268 · 2022: 221 · 2021: 261 · 2020: 186 · 2019: 166 · 2018: 168 · 2017: 153 · 2016: 133 · 2015: 139 · 2014: 73 · 2013: 73 · 2012: 50
FWCI: 46.59
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Medical Teacher (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
ANU Open Research (Australian National University) (submittedVersion)
University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Education › Innovations in Medical Education
Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health and Medical Education
Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Competency Development and Evaluation
Keywords: competency-based medical education, medical curriculum development, accountability, student-centered learning, competency definition, medical education reform, consensus conference
MeSH terms: Competency-Based Education, Education, Medical, Undergraduate, Humans, Models, Theoretical, History, 20th Century

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Competency-based medical education: Theory to practice.

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks