Does body shaping influence brain shape? Habitual physical activity is linked to brain morphology independent of age.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Physical activity (PA) was found to influence human brain morphology. However, the impact of PA on brain morphology was mainly demonstrated in seniors. We investigated healthy individuals across a broad age range for the relation between habitual PA and brain morphology. METHODS: Ninety-five participants (19-82 years) were assessed for self-reported habitual PA with the "Baecke habitual physical activity questionnaire", and T1-weighted magnetic resonance images were evaluated with whole brain voxel based morphometry for gray and white matter volumes and densities. RESULTS: Regression analyses revealed a positive relation between the extent of physical activity and gray matter volume bilaterally in the anterior hippocampal and parahippocampal gyrus independent of age and gender. Age as well as leisure and locomotion activities were linked to enhanced white matter volumes in the posterior cingulate gyrus and precuneus, suggesting a positive interaction especially in seniors. CONCLUSIONS: Habitual physical activity is associated with regional volumetric gray and white matter alterations. The positive relation of hippocampal volume and physical activity seems not to be restricted to seniors. Thus, habitual physical activity should be generally considered as an influencing factor in studies investigating medial temporal lobe volume and associated cognitive functions (memory), especially in psychiatric research.
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Aerobic exercise may also stimulate cell proliferation and dentate gyrus volume growth in the human brain.
“AE increases the rate of hippocampal neurogenesis, i.e., both the rate of cell proliferation as well as the survival of newborn granule cells (Cotman et al., 2007; Kempermann et al., 2010; Lucassen et al., 2010; Vivar et al., 2013) and despite being difficult to study in humans (Manganas et al., 2007; Ho et al., 2013; Jessberger and Gage, 2014), AE may also stimulate cell proliferation and DG”
From Aerobic Exercise as a Tool to Improve Hippocampal Plasticity and Function in Humans: Practical Implications for Mental Health Treatment (2016) · cites this paper as Demirakca et al., 2014
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- Authors
- Demirakca, T., Brusniak, W., Tunc-Skarka, N., Wolf, I., Meier, S., Matthäus, F., Ende, G., Schulze, T. G., & Diener, C.
- Affiliations
- Heidelberg University (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Diener, Carsten
- Venue
- The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2013-06-26
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 387-396
- ISSN
- 1562-2975 (ISSN-L)
- 1814-1412
- OpenAlex
- W2129126624
- Cited by
- 23
- References
- 65
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 1.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- GRO (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- physical activity behavior, brain structure, gray matter volume, white matter volume, hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, posterior cingulate cortex, precuneus, age differences, healthy adults, medial temporal lobe, memory
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Brain, Female, Humans, Life Style, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Motor Activity, Exercise, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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