Prevalence, Treatment, and Control of Depressive Symptoms in the United States: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2005-2008
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: depression remains a major public health problem that is most often evaluated and treated in primary care settings. The objective of this study was to examine the prevalence, treatment, and control of depressive symptoms in a national data sample using a common primary care screening tool for depression. METHODS: we analyzed a sample of adults (n = 4836) from 2005 to 2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) to determine the overall prevalence, rates of treatment, and antidepressant control of mild, moderate, moderately severe, and severe depressive symptoms. RESULTS: of the sample, 20.1% reported significant depressive symptoms (PHQ-9) score, ≥ 5), the majority of whom had mild depressive symptoms (PHQ-9) score, 5-9). Even among individuals with severe depressive symptoms, a large percentage (36.9%) received no treatment from a mental health professional or with antidepressant medication. Of those taking antidepressants, 26.4% reported mild depressive symptoms and 18.8% had moderate, moderately severe, or severe depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: despite greater awareness and treatment of depression in primary care settings, the prevalence of depressive symptoms remains high, treatment levels remain low, and control of depressive symptoms are suboptimal. Primary care providers need to continue to focus their efforts on diagnosing and effectively treating this important disease.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Most patients with depression report symptoms below the threshold for severe depression.
“This is concerning considering that most patients with depression report symptoms below the threshold for severe depression.12 13”
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
The PHQ-9: Validity of a brief depression severity measure
Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., & Williams, J. B. W. (2001) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x · Cited by 44,910 · see citing works
Kessler, R. C., Berglund, P., Demler, O., Jin, R., Koretz, D., Merikangas, K. R., Rush, A. J., Walters, E. E., & Wang, P. S. (2003) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.289.23.3095 · Cited by 7,988 · see citing works
The World Health Report 2002 - Reducing Risks, Promoting Healthy Life
Available, N. A. N. (2003) · Education for Health · doi:10.1080/1357628031000116808 · Cited by 6,051 · see citing works
Mental Health: A Report of the Surgeon General
United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General (1999) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e636982009-001 · Cited by 3,105 · see citing works
Global burden of depressive disorders in the year 2000
Üstün, T. B., Ayuso-Mateos, J. L., Chatterji, S., Mathers, C., & Murray, C. J. L. (2004) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.184.5.386 · Cited by 1,735 · see citing works
Cost of Lost Productive Work Time Among US Workers With Depression
Stewart, W. F. (2003) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.289.23.3135 · Cited by 1,421 · see citing works
Burt, V. L., Cutler, J. A., HIGGINS, M. W., Horan, M. J., Labarthe, D. R., Whelton, P. K., Brown, C., & Roccella, E. J. (1995) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/01.hyp.26.1.60 · Cited by 1,252 · see citing works
Mental health: A report of the surgeon general
Marrelli, T. M. (2000) · Home Care Provider · doi:10.1067/mhc.2000.108190 · Cited by 1,025 · see citing works
Cutler, J. A., Sorlie, P. D., WOLZ, M. M., Thom, T., Fields, L. E., & Roccella, E. J. (2008) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/hypertensionaha.108.113357 · Cited by 918 · see citing works
Risk factors for suicidality in Europe: Results from the ESEMED study
Bernal, M., Haro, J. M., Bernert, S., Brugha, T., de Graaf, R., Bruffaerts, R., Lépine, J. P., de Girolamo, G., Vilagut, G., Gasquet, I., et al. (2007) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2006.09.018 · Cited by 565 · see citing works
Awareness, diagnosis, and treatment of depression
the Council on Scientific Affairs, A. M. A., Goldman, L. S., Nielsen, N. H., & Champion, H. C. (1999) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1046/j.1525-1497.1999.03478.x · Cited by 466 · see citing works
Depression Care in the United States: Too Little for Too Few
González, H. M., Vega, W. A., Williams, D. R., Tarraf, W., West, B. T., & Neighbors, H. W. (2010) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2009.168 · Cited by 418 · see citing works
Depression in the United States Household Population, 2005-2006
Pratt, L. A., & Brody, D. J. (2008) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e565102009-001 · Cited by 283 · see citing works
Psychiatric disorders in older primary care patients
Lyness, J. M., Caine, E. D., King, D. A., Cox, C., & Yoediono, Z. (1999) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1046/j.1525-1497.1999.00326.x · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Depression, the Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Risk
Vaccarino, V., McClure, C., Johnson, B. D., Sheps, D. S., Bittner, V., Rutledge, T., Shaw, L. J., Sopko, G. S., Olson, M. B., Krantz, D. S., et al. (2007) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0b013e31815c1b85 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Eisenberg, J. M., & Power, E. J. (2000) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.284.16.2100 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Randomized trial of case-finding for depression in elderly primary care patients
Whooley, M. A., Stone, B., & Soghikian, K. (2000) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1046/j.1525-1497.2000.04319.x · Cited by 142 · see citing works
A Three-Component Model for Reengineering Systems for the Treatment of Depression in Primary Care
Oxman, T. E., Dietrich, A. J., Williams, J. W., & Kroenke, K. (2002) · Psychosomatics · doi:10.1176/appi.psy.43.6.441 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Emotional disability days: prevalence and predictors.
Kouzis, A. C., & Eaton, W. W. (1994) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.84.8.1304 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Frequency and Scope of Mental Health Service Delivery to African Americans in Primary Care
Snowden, L. R., & Pingitore, D. P. (2002) · Mental Health Services Research · doi:10.1023/a:1019709728333 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Muntner, P., DeSalvo, K. B., Wildman, R. P., Raggi, P., He, J., & Whelton, P. K. (2006) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwj124 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Grandy, S., Chapman, R. H., Fox, K. M., & for the SHIELD Study Group (2008) · International Journal of Clinical Practice · doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2008.01703.x · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Mauskopf, J., Simon, G. E., Kalsekar, A., Nimsch, C. T., Dunayevich, E., & Cameron, A. E. (2008) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.20505 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Fan, A. Z., Strine, T. W., Jiles, R. B., & Mokdad, A. H. (2008) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2008.02.016 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
The Role of Medical Comorbidity in Outcome of Major Depression in Primary Care: The PROSPECT Study
Bogner, H. R., Cary, M. S., BRUCE, M. L., Reynolds, C. F., Mulsant, B. H., Have, T. T., & Alexopoulos, G. S. (2005) · American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajgp.13.10.861 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Diagnosis and Treatment of Depression
Avant, R. F. (2010) · Psychopathology · doi:10.1159/000284519 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Is there an association between depression and cardiovascular mortality or sudden death?
Alboni, P., Favaron, E., Paparella, N., Sciammarella, M., & Pedaci, M. (2008) · Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.2459/jcm.0b013e3282785240 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 28 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Rebar, A. L., Stanton, R., Geard, D., Short, C., Duncan, M. J., & Vandelanotte, C. (2015) · Health Psychology Review · doi:10.1080/17437199.2015.1022901 · Cited by 1,323 · see citing works
Weinberger, A. H., Gbedemah, M., Martinez, A. M., Nash, D., Galea, S., & Goodwin, R. D. (2018) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291717002781 · Cited by 716 · see citing works
Trends in U.S. Depression Prevalence From 2015 to 2020: The Widening Treatment Gap
Goodwin, R. D., Dierker, L., Wu, M., Galea, S., Hoven, C. W., & Weinberger, A. H. (2022) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2022.05.014 · Cited by 579 · see citing works
Walker, E. R., Cummings, J. R., Hockenberry, J. M., & Druss, B. G. (2015) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/appi.ps.201400248 · Cited by 392 · see citing works
Mental health of people in Australia in the first month of COVID‐19 restrictions: a national survey
Fisher, J. R. W., Tran, T., Hammarberg, K., Sastry, J., Nguyen, H., Rowe, H., Popplestone, S., Stocker, R., Stubber, C., & Kirkman, M. (2020) · Medical Journal of Australia · doi:10.5694/mja2.50831 · Cited by 291 · see citing works
Kujawa, A., Green, H. E., Compas, B. E., Dickey, L., & Pegg, S. L. (2020) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.23109 · Cited by 281 · see citing works
Shin, C., Lee, S., Han, K., Yoon, H.-K., & Han, C. (2019) · Psychiatry Investigation · doi:10.30773/pi.2019.02.01 · Cited by 265 · see citing works
Partridge, J. S. L., Martin, F. C., Harari, D., & Dhesi, J. K. (2012) · International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/gps.3900 · Cited by 209 · see citing works
Halperin, S. J., Henderson, M. N., Prenner, S., & Grauer, J. N. (2021) · Journal of Medical Education and Curricular Development · doi:10.1177/2382120521991150 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
Depression and the Risk of Myocardial Infarction and Coronary Death
Wu, Q. F., & Kling, J. M. (2016) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000002815 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Antidepressant medications and osteoporosis
Rizzoli, R., Cooper, C. C., Reginster, J., Abrahamsen, B., Adachi, J. D., Brandi, M. L., Bruyère, O., Compston, J. E., Ducy, P. F., Ferrari, S., et al. (2012) · Bone · doi:10.1016/j.bone.2012.05.018 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
A longitudinal study of depression and gestational diabetes in pregnancy and the postpartum period
Hinkle, S. N., Buck Louis, G. M., Rawal, S., Zhu, Y., Albert, P. S., & Zhang, C. (2016) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-016-4086-1 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Powell, W. (2012) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2011.300485 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Depressive Symptoms before and after Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Men and Women
Edwards, C., Mukherjee, S., Simpson, L., Palmer, L. J., Almeida, O. P., & Hillman, D. R. (2015) · Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine · doi:10.5664/jcsm.5020 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Cassidy, S. A., Bradley, L., Bowen, E., Wigham, S., & Rodgers, J. (2018) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.1922 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Adult depression screening in Saudi primary care: prevalence, instrument and cost
Al-Qadhi, W., Rahman, S. U., Ferwana, M. S., & Abdulmajeed, I. (2014) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-14-190 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and the treatment of depression
Deacon, G., Kettle, C., Hayes, D., Dennis, C., & Tucci, J. (2015) · Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition · doi:10.1080/10408398.2013.876959 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Depression Severity, Diet Quality, and Physical Activity in Women with Obesity and Depression
Appelhans, B. M., Whited, M. C., Schneider, K. L., Ma, Y., Oleski, J. L., Merriam, P. A., Waring, M. E., Olendzki, B. C., Mann, D. M., Ockene, I. S., et al. (2012) · Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics · doi:10.1016/j.jand.2012.02.006 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Sexual dysfunction associated with major depressive disorder and antidepressant treatment
Clayton, A. H., Haddad, S. E., Iluonakhamhe, J.-P., Martinez, C. C. P., & Schuck, A. E. (2014) · Expert Opinion on Drug Safety · doi:10.1517/14740338.2014.951324 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Social Support and Mental Health in Middle-Aged Men and Women
Fiori, K. L., & Denckla, C. A. (2012) · Journal of Aging and Health · doi:10.1177/0898264311425087 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Gulledge, C. M., Smith, D. G., Ziedas, A. C., Muh, S. J., Moutzouros, V., & Makhni, E. C. (2019) · JBJS Open Access · doi:10.2106/jbjs.oa.19.00015 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Recchia, F., Leung, C. K., Chin, E. C., Fong, D. Y., Montero, D., Cheng, C. P., Yau, S. Y., & Siu, P. M. (2022) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2022-105964 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Iranpour, S., & Sabour, S. (2019) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2018.11.004 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Maideen, S. F. K., Sidik, S. M., Rampal, L. R. G., & Mukhtar, F. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0095395 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
The bipolarity of affect and depressive symptoms.
Dejonckheere, E., Mestdagh, M., Houben, M., Erbaş, Y., Pe, M. L., Koval, P., Brose, A., Bastian, B. B., & Kuppens, P. (2018) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/pspp0000186 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Wang, Y., Lopez, J. M. S., Bolge, S. C., Zhu, V. J., & Stang, P. (2016) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-016-0800-2 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Assari, S., Smith, J. R., Caldwell, C. H., & Zimmerman, M. A. (2015) · Societies · doi:10.3390/soc5010151 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Blashill, A. J., & Wilhelm, S. (2013) · Psychology of Men & Masculinity · doi:10.1037/a0034618 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Oral health condition and occurrence of depression in the elderly
Skośkiewicz−Malinowska, K., Malicka, B., Ziętek, M., & Kaczmarek, U. (2018) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000012490 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Prevalence of co-morbid depression in out-patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Bangladesh
Roy, T., Lloyd, C. E., Parvin, M., Mohiuddin, K. G. B., & Rahman, M. (2012) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-12-123 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Maserejian, N. N., Hall, S. A., & McKinlay, J. B. (2011) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2011.09.039 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Adverse Events of Open A1 Pulley Release for Idiopathic Trigger Finger
Bruijnzeel, H., Neuhaus, V., Fostvedt, S., Jupiter, J. B., Mudgal, C. S., & Ring, D. (2012) · The Journal Of Hand Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.jhsa.2012.05.014 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Microbiome-Gut-Brain Axis: Probiotics and Their Association With Depression
Cepeda, M. S., Katz, E. G., & Blacketer, C. (2016) · Journal of Neuropsychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.neuropsych.15120410 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Depression and risk of fracture and bone loss: an updated meta-analysis of prospective studies
Wu, Q., Liu, B., & Tonmoy, S. (2018) · Osteoporosis International · doi:10.1007/s00198-018-4420-1 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Prevalence of depressive symptoms and predictors of treatment among U.S. adults from 2005 to 2010
Wittayanukorn, S., Qian, J., & Hansen, R. A. (2014) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2013.12.009 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Murphy, R. A., Hagaman, A. K., Reinders, I., Steeves, J. A., Newman, A. B., Rubin, S. M., Satterfield, S., Kritchevsky, S. B., Yaffe, K. S., Ayonayon, H. N., et al. (2015) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/glv139 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Chang, B., Gitlin, D., & Patel, R. B. (2011) · PubMed · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Dahne, J., Lejuez, C. W., Diaz, V. A., Player, M. S., Kustanowitz, J., Felton, J. W., & Carpenter, M. J. (2019) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2018.12.003 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Negative Affect and Risk of Atrial Fibrillation: MESA
Garg, P., O'Neal, W. T., Diez-Roux, A., Alonso, Á., Soliman, E., & Heckbert, S. (2018) · Journal of the American Heart Association : Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease · doi:10.1161/jaha.118.010603 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Stocker, R., Tran, T. D., Hammarberg, K., Nguyen, H. T. M., Rowe, H. J., & Fisher, J. (2021) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113792 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
(2019) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Iwamoto, D. K., Brady, J. L., Kaya, A., & Park, A. (2018) · American Journal of Men s Health · doi:10.1177/1557988318785549 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Jung, S. J., Shin, A., & Kang, D. (2015) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2015.08.047 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Byeon, C.-H., Kang, K.-Y., Kang, S.-H., Kim, H., & Bae, E.-J. (2016) · Korean Journal of Family Medicine · doi:10.4082/kjfm.2016.37.1.37 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Language Patterns Discriminate Mild Depression From Normal Sadness and Euthymic State
Smirnova, D. A., Cumming, P. D., Sloeva, E., Kuvshinova, N. Y., Romanov, D. V., & Nosachev, G. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00105 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Loprinzi, P. D., & Mahoney, S. E. (2014) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2014.04.073 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Patel, P. O., Patel, M. R., & Baptist, A. P. (2017) · The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology In Practice · doi:10.1016/j.jaip.2017.03.034 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Milanović, S. M., Erjavec, K., Poljičanin, T., Vrabec, B., & Brečić, P. (2015) · PubMed · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Ganu, V. J., Boima, V., Adjei, D. N., Yendork, J. S., Dey, I. D., Yorke, E., Mate-Kole, C. C., & Mate-Kole, M. O. (2018) · Ghana Medical Journal · doi:10.4314/gmj.v52i1.5 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Kelsey, E. A., West, C. P., Cipriano, P. F., Peterson, C., Satele, D., Shanafelt, T., & Dyrbye, L. N. (2021) · AJN, American Journal of Nursing · doi:10.1097/01.naj.0000798056.73563.fa · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Serotonin reuptake inhibitors and bone health: A review of clinical studies and plausible mechanisms
Wadhwa, R., Kumar, M., Talegaonkar, S., & Vohora, D. (2017) · Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia · doi:10.1016/j.afos.2017.05.002 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Kolovos, S., van Dongen, J. M., Riper, H., Buntrock, C., Cuijpers, P., Ebert, D. D., Geraedts, A. S., Kenter, R. M., Nobis, S., Smith, A., et al. (2018) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.22714 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Depression among caregivers of patients with dementia
Alfakhri, A. S., Alshudukhi, A. W., Alqahtani, A. A., Alhumaid, A. M., Alhathlol, O. A., Almojali, A. I., Alotaibi, M. A., & Alaqeel, M. K. (2018) · INQUIRY The Journal of Health Care Organization Provision and Financing · doi:10.1177/0046958017750432 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Clinical relevance of sleep duration: results from a cross-sectional analysis using NHANES
Cepeda, M. S., Stang, P., Blacketer, C., Kent, J. M., & Wittenberg, G. M. (2016) · Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine · doi:10.5664/jcsm.5876 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Systematic review of depression and anxiety in psoriatic arthritis
Kamalaraj, N., El‐Haddad, C., Hay, P., & Pile, K. D. (2019) · International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases · doi:10.1111/1756-185x.13553 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Lee, M.-R., Jung, S. M., Bang, H., Kim, H. S., & Kim, Y. B. (2018) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-018-6030-4 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Ku, B. S., Li, J., Lally, C. A., Compton, M. T., & Druss, B. G. (2021) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2021.02.001 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Nguyen, T. T. T., Miyagi, S., Tsujiguchi, H., Kambayashi, Y., Hara, A., Nakamura, H., Suzuki, K., Yamada, Y., Shimizu, Y., & Nakamura, H. (2019) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu11020389 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Bai, Z., Bo, A., Wu, S., Gai, Q.-Y., & Chi, I. (2018) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2018.07.057 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Factors associated with depression among the Lebanese population: Results of a cross‐sectional study
Obeïd, S., Lahoud, N., Haddad, C., Sacre, H., Akel, M., Fares, K., Salameh, P., & Hallit, S. R. (2020) · Perspectives In Psychiatric Care · doi:10.1111/ppc.12518 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Kinser, P. A., Bourguignon, C. M., Taylor, A. G., & Steeves, R. H. (2013) · Issues in Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.3109/01612840.2012.762959 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Islam, S. M. S., Rawal, L. B., & Niessen, L. W. (2015) · Asian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2015.07.008 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Long-Term Weight Change after Initiating Second-Generation Antidepressants
Arterburn, D. E., Sofer, T., Boudreau, D. M., Bogart, A., Westbrook, E. O., Theis, M. K., Simon, G., & Haneuse, S. (2016) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm5040048 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Unpacking the link between socioeconomic status and behavior problems: A second-order meta-analysis
Korous, K. M., Causadías, J. M., Bradley, R. H., & Luthar, S. S. (2018) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579418001141 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Dennis, J. A., Gittner, L. S., Payne, J. D., & NUGENT, K. M. (2020) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-020-02895-4 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Depression increased risk of coronary heart disease: A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies
Cao, H., Zhao, H., & Shen, L. (2022) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2022.913888 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
How Much Shared Decision Making Occurs in Usual Primary Care of Depression?
Solberg, L. I., Crain, A. L., Rubenstein, L. Z., Unützer, J., Whitebird, R. R., & Beck, A. L. (2014) · The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine · doi:10.3122/jabfm.2014.02.130164 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Gulledge, C. M., Lizzio, V. A., Smith, D. G., Guo, E. W., & Makhni, E. C. (2020) · Arthroscopy The Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.arthro.2019.09.022 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Whole-Brain Functional Dynamics Track Depressive Symptom Severity
Goodman, Z. T., Bainter, S. A., Kornfeld, S., Chang, C., Nomi, J. S., & Uddin, L. Q. (2021) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhab047 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Depression and Osteoporosis: A Mendelian Randomization Study
He, B., Lyu, Q., Yin, L., Zhang, M., Quan, Z., & Ou, Y. (2021) · Calcified Tissue International · doi:10.1007/s00223-021-00886-5 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Barriers to treatment engagement for depression among Latinas
Caplan, S., & Whittemore, R. (2013) · Issues in Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.3109/01612840.2012.762958 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Depression and risk of hip fracture: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies
Shi, T., Min, M., Zhang, Y., Sun, C., Liang, M., & Sun, Y. (2019) · Osteoporosis International · doi:10.1007/s00198-019-04951-6 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Kim, J.-H. (2022) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114406 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Wu, Q. F., Qu, W., Crowell, M. D., Hentz, J. G., & Frey, K. A. (2012) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1002/jbmr.1813 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Andrea, S. B., Siegel, S. A. R., & Teo, A. R. (2015) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2015.11.009 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Predictors of Depressive Symptoms in Older Rural Couples: The Impact of Work, Stress and Health
Rayens, M. K., & Reed, D. B. (2013) · The Journal of Rural Health · doi:10.1111/jrh.12028 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
A Review of Antidepressant Therapy in Primary Care
Kennedy, S. H. (2013) · The Primary Care Companion For CNS Disorders · doi:10.4088/pcc.12r01420 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
The Severity of Depressive Symptoms vs. Serum Mg and Zn Levels in Postmenopausal Women
Stanisławska, M., Szkup-Jabłońska, M., Jurczak, A., Wieder-Huszla, S., Samochowiec, A., Jasiewicz, A., Noceń, I., Augustyniuk, K., Brodowska, A., Karakiewicz, B., et al. (2013) · Biological Trace Element Research · doi:10.1007/s12011-013-9866-6 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Almogbel, Y. S., Goyal, R., & Sansgiry, S. S. (2017) · Community Mental Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10597-017-0096-9 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Alghadir, A. H., Gabr, S. A., & Al-Eisa, E. S. (2015) · Biological Trace Element Research · doi:10.1007/s12011-015-0601-3 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Osteoporosis in patients taking selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: a focus on fracture outcome
Bruyère, O., & Reginster, J. (2014) · Endocrine · doi:10.1007/s12020-014-0357-0 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Motivational interviewing improves depression outcome in primary care: A cluster randomized trial.
Keeley, R. D., Brody, D. S., Engel, M. D., Burke, B. L., Nordstrom, K., Moralez, E. A., Dickinson, L. M., & Emsermann, C. B. (2016) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/ccp0000124 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Cepeda, M. S., Kern, D. M., Blacketer, C., & Drevets, W. C. (2020) · Journal of clinical lipidology · doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2020.06.001 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Training to Use Motivational Interviewing Techniques for Depression: A Cluster Randomized Trial
Keeley, R. D., Burke, B. L., Brody, D. S., Dimidjian, S., Engel, M., Emsermann, C. B., deGruy, F. V., Thomas, M., Moralez, E. A., Koester, S. K., et al. (2014) · The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine · doi:10.3122/jabfm.2014.05.130324 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Maher, M., Keeffe, A. O., Phelan, N., Behan, L., Collier, S., Hevey, D., & Owens, L. A. (2022) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.838886 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Association Between Gestational Diabetes and Mental Illness
Riggin, L. (2020) · Canadian Journal of Diabetes · doi:10.1016/j.jcjd.2020.06.014 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Differential Experiences of Mental Health among Trans/Gender Diverse Adults in Michigan
Kattari, S. K., Kattari, L., Johnson, I. M., Lacombe‐Duncan, A., & Misiolek, B. A. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17186805 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Personality and perceived need for mental health care among primary care patients
Seekles, W., Cuijpers, P. J., van de Ven, P. M., Penninx, B. W. J. H., Verhaak, P. F. M., Beekman, A. T. F., & van Straten, A. (2011) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2011.10.009 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Indicators of depression in elderly and different screening methods
Matias, A. G. C., Fonsêca, M. D. A., Gomes, M. D. L. D. F., & Matos, M. A. (2016) · Einstein (São Paulo) · doi:10.1590/s1679-45082016ao3447 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Harris, A. H. S., Brown, R., Dawes, M. A., Dieperink, E. W., Myrick, D. H., Gerould, H., Wagner, T. H., Wisdom, J. P., & Hagedorn, H. (2017) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2017.09.002 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Polygenic Risk for Depression Increases Risk of Ischemic Stroke
Wassertheil-Smoller, S. W., Qi, Q., Dave, T., Mitchell, B. D., Jackson, R. D., Liu, S., Park, K. E., Salinas, J., Dunn, E. C., Leira, E. C. C., et al. (2018) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.117.018857 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Kwiatkowska, B., Kłak, A., Raciborski, F., & Maślińska, M. (2018) · Psychology Health & Medicine · doi:10.1080/13548506.2018.1529325 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Psychological Morbidity in the Farming Community: A Literature Review
Chiswell, H. M. (2022) · Journal of Agromedicine · doi:10.1080/1059924x.2022.2089419 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Drenkard, C., Bao, G., Lewis, T. T., Pobiner, B. F., Priest, J. L., & Lim, S. S. (2018) · Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism · doi:10.1016/j.semarthrit.2018.05.012 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Theeke, L. A., Carpenter, R. D., Mallow, J. A., & Theeke, E. (2018) · Applied Nursing Research · doi:10.1016/j.apnr.2018.12.001 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Oftedal, S., Smith, J., Vandelanotte, C., Burton, N. W., & Duncan, M. J. (2019) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.105773 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Beeber, L. S., Schwartz, T. A., Martinez, M. I., Holditch‐Davis, D., Bledsoe, S. E., Canuso, R., & Lewis, V. S. (2014) · Research in Nursing & Health · doi:10.1002/nur.21604 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Loprinzi, P. D. (2015) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.01.002 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Relationship between premature ejaculation and depression
Xia, Y., Li, J., Shan, G. L., Qian, H., Wang, T., Wu, W., Chen, J., & Liu, L. (2016) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000004620 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Rates of depressive symptoms among pharmacy residents
Williams, E., Martin, S. L., Fabrikant, A., Wang, A., & Pojasek, M. (2018) · American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy · doi:10.2146/ajhp161008 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
- Authors
- Shim, R. S., Baltrus, P., Ye, J., & Rust, G.
- Affiliations
- Morehouse School of Medicine (US)
- Venue
- The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine
- Published
- 2011-01-01
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 33-38
- ISSN
- 1557-2625 (ISSN-L)
- 1558-7118
- PMC
- PMC3161724
- OpenAlex
- W2046197761
- Cited by
- 267
- References
- 28
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 36 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 24.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Atlanta Clinical and Translational Science Institute
- Morehouse School of Medicine
- National Institutes of Health (UL1TR000454)
- National Center for Research Resources (UL1RR025008)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- depressive symptoms, depression prevalence, antidepressant treatment, treatment gap, PHQ-9, primary care, depression screening, mental health service utilization
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Antidepressive Agents, Behavior Therapy, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression, Female, Patient Care, Health Status Indicators, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Mass Screening, Middle Aged, Nutrition Surveys, Psychometrics, Quality of Health Care, Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk Factors, Severity of Illness Index, United States, Prevalence, Confidence Intervals, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
