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Cited by 73Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive PhysiologyAgricultural Engineering and MechanizationMycotoxins in Agriculture and Food

Rate and extent of top spoilage losses in horizontal silos

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Bolsen, K.K., Dickerson, J.T., Brent, B.E., Sonon, R.N., Dalke, B.S., Lin, C., Boyer, J.E.·1993·Journal of Dairy Science
DOI 10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(93)77634-1
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Abstract

Alfalfa, com, and forage sorghum silages were stored in fann-and pilotscale silos, and OM and OM losses and fermentation characteristics were measured at three depths within the top meter of silage.The alfalfa was unsealed or sealed immediately with .I5-mm plastic sheeting.Com and forage sorghum were unsealed, sealed immediately, sealed immediately after a topical application of a mold inhibitor, or unsealed for 7 d and then sealed after application of a mold inhibitor.All unsealed silage maintained higher temperatures within the top meter than sealed silage.Unsealed silage deteriorated completely at 25 and 0 to 33 cm in the farm-and pilot-scale silos, respectively, and farm-scale silage stored at 50 cm lost more OM and OM in unsealed than in sealed silos.Unsealed silage began to deteriorate immediately above 33 cm, and deterioration progressed to 67 cm in the silage from all three crops.Immediate sealing preserved more OM and OM after d 180 at 25 cm than delayed sealing.Recoveries of OM estimated by an equation containing silage ash content were highly correlated with actual OM recoveries in all unsealed silage.Estimated and actual recoveries were not highly correlated in

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  • The losses could reach 70% of the stored DM in the peripheral areas and near the sidewalls of the bunkers and are related to the depletion of the digestible carbohydrate and organic acid fractions, with the most digestible materials being used up first.

    “The losses could reach 70% of the stored DM in the peripheral areas and near the sidewalls of the bunkers and are related to the depletion of the digestible carbohydrate and organic acid fractions (Bolsen et al., 1993; Borreani et al., 2007; Bernardes et al., 2012), with the most digestible materials being used up first.”

    From Silage review: Factors affecting dry matter and quality losses in silages (2018) · cites this paper as Bolsen et al., 1993

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  • Without a cover, the losses in the top 0.5 m of bunker and pilot-scale silos were large.

    “Without a cover, the losses in the top 0.5 m were large.”

    From Silage review: Factors affecting dry matter and quality losses in silages (2018) · cites this paper as Bolsen et al., 1993

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1 of the 24 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. I Ashbell, G., J. T. Dickerson, K. K. Boisen, and C. Lin. 1990. Rate and extent of top spoilage losses in horizontal silos. Page 107 in Proc. 9th UK Silage Conf., Univ. Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, Engl.
  2. Snedecor, G. W., and W. G. Cochran. 1981. Statistical Methods. 7th ed. Iowa State Univ. Press, Ames.

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Authors
Bolsen, K. K., Dickerson, J. T., Brent, B. E., Sonon, R. N., Dalke, B. S., Lin, C., & Boyer, J. E.
Affiliations
Kansas State University (US)
ORCID
Lin, C.
Venue
Journal of Dairy Science
Publisher
American Dairy Science Association
Published
1993-10
Volume
76
Issue
10
Pages
2940-2962
ISSN
0022-0302 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(93)77634-1
OpenAlex
W2008687139
Cited by
73
References
24
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 2
FWCI
3.54
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
Journal of Dairy Science (publishedVersion)
Funders
Nihon University
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Agricultural Engineering and Mechanization
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food
Keywords
silage spoilage, horizontal silos, alfalfa silage, corn silage, mold inhibitors, organic matter loss, silage fermentation, silage temperature

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