Cited by 53Pancreatic and Hepatic Oncology ResearchCancer Cells and Metastasis3D Printing in Biomedical Research

Pre-clinical Models of Metastasis in Pancreatic Cancer

Open access
Miquel, Maria, Zhang, Shuman, Pilarsky, Christian·2021·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology

Abstract

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a hostile solid malignancy coupled with an extremely high mortality rate. Metastatic disease is already found in most patients at the time of diagnosis, resulting in a 5-year survival rate below 5%. Improved comprehension of the mechanisms leading to metastasis is pivotal for the development of new targeted therapies. A key field to be improved are modeling strategies applied in assessing cancer progression, since traditional platforms fail in recapitulating the complexity of PDAC. Consequently, there is a compelling demand for new preclinical models that mirror tumor progression incorporating the pressure of the immune system, tumor microenvironment, as well as molecular aspects of PDAC. We suggest the incorporation of 3D organoids derived from genetically engineered mouse models or patients as promising new tools capable to transform PDAC pre-clinical modeling and access new frontiers in personalized medicine.

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Crossref · 10.3389/fcell.2021.748631

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  • PDAC cells acquire pro-metastatic traits that enable them to disseminate and spread before primary tumour formation.

    “PDAC cells acquire pro‐metastatic traits that enable them to disseminate and spread before primary tumour formation”

    From Pyrvinium Pamoate Alone and With Gemcitabine Exhibits Anti‐Pancreatic Cancer Activity in <scp>2D</scp> and <scp>3D</scp> Cell Culture Models (2024) · cites this paper as [40]

    The Introduction > Metastasis reports that low-grade PanIN cells can enter circulation, and the Introduction > Conclusion describes dissemination even at the PanIN stage (page numbers unavailable). This supports dissemination before established PDAC, but the paper does not establish that those cells spread to distant sites before a primary tumour forms. (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • PDAC patients present with liver (76%-80%), peritoneum (48%) or lung (45%) metastasis at diagnosis.

    “resulting in PDAC patients presenting with liver (76%–80%), peritoneum (48%) or lung (45%) metastasis at diagnosis [39, 40]”

    From Pyrvinium Pamoate Alone and With Gemcitabine Exhibits Anti‐Pancreatic Cancer Activity in <scp>2D</scp> and <scp>3D</scp> Cell Culture Models (2024) · cites this paper as [40]

    The Introduction reports metastases in the liver (76–80% of patients), peritoneum (48%), and lungs (45%). The Conclusion says metastases at these sites are often present at diagnosis, but the paper does not specify that the quoted percentages apply at diagnosis. (LLM, conf=0.84)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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Authors
Miquel, M., Zhang, S., & Pilarsky, C.
Affiliations
Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (DE)
Corresponding author
Pilarsky, Christian
Venue
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
Published
2021-10-27
Volume
9
Pages
748631-748631
ISSN
2296-634X (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W3210638807
Cited by
53
References
228
Citations by year
2026: 10 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 7
FWCI
0.91
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • OPUS FAU (Kooperativer Bibliotheksverbund Berlin-Brandenburg (KOBV), on behalf of the Universitätsbibliothek Erlangen-Nürnberg) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
  • H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (861196)
  • China Sponsorship Council (201806880012)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Pancreatic and Hepatic Oncology Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Cells and Metastasis
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
Keywords
pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, metastasis, preclinical models, 3D organoids, genetically engineered mouse models, tumor microenvironment, immune system, tumor progression, personalized medicine, targeted therapy

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