Innate Immunity in the Central Nervous System: A Missing Piece of the Autoimmune Encephalitis Puzzle?

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Blood Monocytes Consist of Two Principal Subsets with Distinct Migratory Properties

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Ocrelizumab versus Interferon Beta-1a in Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis

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Neuroinflammation and M2 Microglia: The Good, the Bad, and the Inflamed

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Antibody-Mediated Encephalitis

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Antibody titres at diagnosis and during follow-up of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis: a retrospective study

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Microglia initiate central nervous system innate and adaptive immune responses through multiple TLRs

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Cellular and synaptic mechanisms of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis

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Microglia in the adult brain arise from Ly-6ChiCCR2+ monocytes only under defined host conditions

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Broad Expression of Toll-Like Receptors in the Human Central Nervous System

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Anti-Hu-associated paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis: analysis of 200 patients

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Identification of autoantibodies associated with myelin damage in multiple sclerosis

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Differential roles of microglia and monocytes in the inflamed central nervous system

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Autoimmune encephalitis epidemiology and a comparison to infectious encephalitis

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Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis repressed by microglial paralysis

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Immunopathology of autoantibody-associated encephalitides: clues for pathogenesis

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VEGF-mediated disruption of endothelial CLN-5 promotes blood-brain barrier breakdown

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B cell depletion therapy ameliorates autoimmune disease through ablation of IL-6–producing B cells

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Role of the innate and adaptive immune responses in the course of multiple sclerosis

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Screening for tumours in paraneoplastic syndromes: report of an EFNS Task Force

Titulaer, M. J., Soffietti, R., Dalmau, J. O., Ne, G., Giometto, B., Graus, F., Grisold, W., Honnorat, J., Smitt, P. A. E. S., Tănăsescu, R., et al. (2010) · European Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1111/j.1468-1331.2010.03220.x · Cited by 528 · see citing works

IL-6 controls Th17 immunity in vivo by inhibiting the conversion of conventional T cells into Foxp3 + regulatory T cells

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Memory B Cells Activate Brain-Homing, Autoreactive CD4+ T Cells in Multiple Sclerosis

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Human N-methyl D-aspartate receptor antibodies alter memory and behaviour in mice

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CNS myeloid DCs presenting endogenous myelin peptides 'preferentially' polarize CD4+ TH-17 cells in relapsing EAE

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Proinflammatory GM-CSF–producing B cells in multiple sclerosis and B cell depletion therapy

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CCR2+Ly-6Chi monocytes are crucial for the effector phase of autoimmunity in the central nervous system

Mildner, A., Mack, M., Schmidt, H., Brück, W., Djukic, M., Zabel, M. D., Hille, A., Priller, J., & Prinz, M. (2009) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awp144 · Cited by 445 · see citing works

Short-Term Local Adaptation of Historical Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Varieties and Implications for In Situ Management of Bean Diversity

Klaedtke, S. M., Caproni, L., Klauck, J., la Grandville, P. D., Dutartre, M., Stassart, P., Chable, V., Negri, V., & Raggi, L. (2017) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms18030493 · Cited by 426 · see citing works

MHC class II–dependent B cell APC function is required for induction of CNS autoimmunity independent of myelin-specific antibodies

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TNF-α signals through PKCζ/NF-κB to alter the tight junction complex and increase retinal endothelial cell permeability

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Oligoclonal bands in multiple sclerosis cerebrospinal fluid: An update on methodology and clinical usefulness

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Distinct and Nonredundant In Vivo Functions of IFNAR on Myeloid Cells Limit Autoimmunity in the Central Nervous System

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Analysis of complement and plasma cells in the brain of patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis

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Absence of the Chemokine Receptor CCR2 Protects Against Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Mice

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Infiltrating monocytes promote brain inflammation and exacerbate neuronal damage after status epilepticus

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Evidence for antibody-mediated pathogenesis in anti-NMDAR encephalitis associated with ovarian teratoma

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Inhibition of Toll-Like Receptor Signaling as a Promising Therapy for Inflammatory Diseases: A Journey from Molecular to Nano Therapeutics

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Depletion of microglia exacerbates postischemic inflammation and brain injury

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Microglial cell activation and proliferation precedes the onset of CNS autoimmunity

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Neuropsychiatric disease relevance of circulating anti-NMDA receptor autoantibodies depends on blood–brain barrier integrity

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IL-1β Regulates Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability via Reactivation of the Hypoxia-Angiogenesis Program

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Inhibition of autoimmune encephalomyelitis by a tetracycline

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Human cerebrospinal fluid monoclonal N -methyl-D-aspartate receptor autoantibodies are sufficient for encephalitis pathogenesis

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Recent clinical trends in Toll‐like receptor targeting therapeutics

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Autoimmune post–herpes simplex encephalitis of adults and teenagers

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Treatment strategies for autoimmune encephalitis

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Tocilizumab in Autoimmune Encephalitis Refractory to Rituximab: An Institutional Cohort Study

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Cutting Edge: TLR2-Mediated Proinflammatory Cytokine and Chemokine Production by Microglial Cells in Response to Herpes Simplex Virus

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CSF cytokines/chemokines as biomarkers in neuroinflammatory CNS disorders: A systematic review

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Neutrophils Mediate Blood–Spinal Cord Barrier Disruption in Demyelinating Neuroinflammatory Diseases

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Increased CD80(+) B cells in active multiple sclerosis and reversal by interferon beta-1b therapy.

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Fingolimod phosphate promotes the neuroprotective effects of microglia

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Peripherally derived macrophages modulate microglial function to reduce inflammation after CNS injury

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Bortezomib for treatment of therapy-refractory anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis

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Tocilizumab treatment for new onset refractory status epilepticus

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The blood-brain barrier induces differentiation of migrating monocytes into Th17-polarizing dendritic cells

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Caveolae-mediated Internalization of Occludin and Claudin-5 during CCL2-induced Tight Junction Remodeling in Brain Endothelial Cells

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Clusters of activated microglia in normal-appearing white matter show signs of innate immune activation

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Rituximab treatment for autoimmune limbic encephalitis in an institutional cohort

Lee, W., Lee, S., Byun, J., Sunwoo, J., Kim, T., Lim, J., Moon, J., Lee, H. S., Shin, Y., Lee, K., et al. (2016) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000002635 · Cited by 197 · see citing works

Anti‐LGI1 encephalitis is associated with unique HLA subtypes

Kim, T., Lee, S., Moon, J., Sunwoo, J., Byun, J., Lim, J., Shin, Y., Jun, J., Lee, H. S., Lee, W., et al. (2016) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.24860 · Cited by 196 · see citing works

Dexamethasone regulation of matrix metalloproteinase expression in CNS vascular endothelium

Harkness, K. A. (2000) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/123.4.698 · Cited by 195 · see citing works

Critical data‐based re‐evaluation of minocycline as a putative specific microglia inhibitor

Möller, T., Bard, F., Bhattacharya, A., Biber, K. P. H., Campbell, B., Dale, E., Eder, C., Gan, L., Garden, G. A., Hughes, Z. A., et al. (2016) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.23007 · Cited by 192 · see citing works

Abnormal brain metabolism on FDG-PET/CT is a common early finding in autoimmune encephalitis

Probasco, J. C., Solnes, L., Nalluri, A., Cohen, J., Jones, K. M., Zan, E., Javadi, M. S., & Venkatesan, A. (2017) · Neurology Neuroimmunology &amp; Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1212/nxi.0000000000000352 · Cited by 192 · see citing works

Circulating cell wall components derived from gram‐negative, not gram‐positive, bacteria cause a profound induction of the gene‐encoding Toll‐like receptor 2 in the CNS

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Trial of Minocycline in a Clinically Isolated Syndrome of Multiple Sclerosis

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Investigations on CXCL13 in Anti– N -Methyl- D -Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis

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CCR2 deficiency impairs macrophage infiltration and improves cognitive function after traumatic brain injury

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Distinct HLA associations of LGI1 and CASPR2-antibody diseases

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Dysregulation of the Cytokine GM‐CSF Induces Spontaneous Phagocyte Invasion and Immunopathology in the Central Nervous System

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Genetic predisposition in anti‐LGI1 and anti‐NMDA receptor encephalitis

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Myeloid cell transmigration across the CNS vasculature triggers IL-1β–driven neuroinflammation during autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice

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ApoE Deficiency Compromises the Blood Brain Barrier Especially After Injury

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Systemic Inflammation Index Values Are Associated With Worsened Disease Severity and Poor Response to Autoimmune Encephalitis Treatment

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Autophagy Modulators Profoundly Alter the Astrocyte Cellular Proteome

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The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratios are independently associated with clinical outcomes of viral encephalitis

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An updated systematic review and appraisal of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of probiotics in alleviating depression

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Development and Validation of a Risk Score for Predicting ICU Admission in Adults with New-Onset Encephalitis

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An Autopsy-proven Case-based Review of Autoimmune Encephalitis

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Efficacy of Intravenous Immunoglobulins and Other Immunotherapies in Neurological Disorders and Immunological Mechanisms Involved

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The Associations of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, Monocyte-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, and Systemic Immune-Inflammatory Index with the Severity and Prognosis of Autoimmune Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Astrocytopathy

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High-sensitivity C-reactive protein as an early transdiagnostic biomarker for thoughts of death in mood disorders

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The phenotypic transformation of astrocytes after AIS can be regulated by microglial GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis

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Sekundäre Neuroprotektion beim Glaukom durch ergänzende medikamentöse Therapiekonzepte

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Utility of Oligoclonal Band Testing in Differentiating Immune-Mediated From Infectious Central Nervous System Disorders

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Antibodies against unknown neuronal antigens following herpes simplex virus encephalitis: A report of three patients

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Clinico-pathological correlation in unilateral cortical encephalitis treated with tocilizumab after first-line treatment failure

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Additional file 1 of Co-expression of NMDA-receptor subunits NR1, NR2A, and NR2B in dysplastic neurons of teratomas in patients with paraneoplastic NMDA-receptor-encephalitis: a retrospective clinico-pathology study of 159 patients

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Association of Systemic Inflammatory Response Index (SIRI) with the Risk of Autoimmune Encephalitis

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Autonomic Dysfunction and Sleep Disorder in 35 Autoimmune Encephalitis

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Targeted proteomic profiling of serum and CSF reveals CASP-8 as a candidate biomarker in anti-NMDAR encephalitis

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Peripheral Blood Cell Ratios: Promising Predictive Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Pediatric Autoimmune Encephalitis

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Early prediction of severe autoimmune encephalitis: development and validation of a model incorporating readily available lactate dehydrogenase

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Altered toll-like receptor expression in autism spectrum disorder: Evidence from mRNA and serum protein analyses

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Peripheral monocytes and soluble biomarkers in autoimmune encephalitis

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Inflammation, ictogenesis, and epileptogenesis: An exploration through human disease

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Immune system and seizures: from autoimmune encephalitis to drug-resistant epilepsy

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Peripheral blood mononuclear cell secretome from patients with autoimmune encephalitis promotes seizures in vitro

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