Evaluation of the inhibitory effects of Lactobacillus gasseri and Lactobacillus crispatus on the adhesion of seven common lower genital tract infection-causing pathogens to vaginal epithelial cells
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Background/purpose: Lactobacillus colonization is important to maintain urogenital flora stability and prevent pathogenic infection. Different Lactobacillus species have distinct properties and effects on the urogenital flora. To select probiotics that colonize the vagina and provide protection against pathogenic infection, we evaluated the adhesion of five Lactobacillus strains and their inhibitory effects on the adhesion of pathogens to vaginal epithelial cells (VECs). Methods and materials: 1) Lactobacillus adhesion experiments: VK2/E6E7 and primary VECs were used to evaluate the adhesion of two Lactobacillus gasseri and three Lactobacillus crispatus strains. The adhesion of these five Lactobacillus strains was compared. 2) Adhesion inhibition experiments: The inhibitory effects of the five Lactobacillus strains on the adhesion of pathogens (Gardnerella, Mobiluncus, Candida albicans, Streptococcus agalactiae, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus faecalis) were evaluated by adhesion exclusion, displacement, and competition experiments. Results: 1) Lactobacillus adhesion was stronger in the primary VECs than in the VK2/E6E7 VECs (P <0.05). The adhesion of the three L. crispatus strains was stronger than that of the two L. gasseri strains (P <0.05). L. crispatus 4# showed the strongest adhesion. 2) The exclusion, displacement, and competition experiments showed that all five Lactobacillus strains significantly inhibited the adhesion of the seven pathogenic strains to the VECs (P <0.05). The displacement effect was stronger than the exclusion and competition effects of each Lactobacillus strain. 3) The results of the exclusion, displacement, and competition experiments indicated that L. gasseri 1# showed the strongest adhesion inhibition of C. albicans and S. agalactiae. L. crispatus 3# showed the strongest adhesion inhibition of S. aureus, whereas L. crispatus 4# showed the strongest adhesion inhibition of Gardnerella, Mobiluncus, E. coli, and E. faecalis. Conclusion: The source of the VECs might not affect the selection of the most adhesive Lactobacillus strain. L. crispatus showed stronger VEC adhesion than L. gasseri. The degree of antagonism of the Lactobacillus strains toward the different pathogens varied. This result provides incentives for personalized clinical treatment.
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Several previous studies have shown that probiotic Lactobacillus can inhibit the C. albicans adherence on the vaginal and intestinal mucosal surfaces.
“Regarding anti-Candida adhesion, several previous studies have also shown that probiotic Lactobacillus can inhibit the C. albicans adherence on the vaginal and intestinal mucosal surfaces.11, 12, 13, 14”
From Aggregation and adhesion ability of various probiotic strains and Candida species: An in vitro study (2024) · cites this paper as [12]
The Results and Discussion (Effects of Lactobacillus on Pathogen Adhesion; page unavailable) report that L. gasseri inhibited C. albicans adhesion to vaginal epithelial cells. The paper does not show inhibition on intestinal mucosal surfaces; its evidence for the vaginal component comes from an in vitro cell experiment. (LLM, conf=0.87)
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ЖЫНЫСТЫҚ ЗОРЛЫҚ-ЗОМБЫЛЫҚ КЕЗІНДЕ ЖЫНЫС МҮШЕЛЕРІНІҢ МИКРОБИОМАСЫН СОТ-МЕДИЦИНАЛЫҚ БАҒАЛАУ
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- Authors
- He, Y., Niu, X., Wang, B., Na, R., Xiao, B., & Yang, H.
- Affiliations
- Peking University First Hospital (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Xiao, Bingbing
- Yang, Huixia
- Venue
- Frontiers in Medicine
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2020-06-19
- Volume
- 7
- Pages
- 284-284
- ISSN
- 2296-858X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7317292
- OpenAlex
- W3036845850
- Cited by
- 68
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 6
- FWCI
- 5.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Frontiers in Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Greater South Information System
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Reproductive tract infections research
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Keywords
- Lactobacillus gasseri, Lactobacillus crispatus, vaginal probiotics, bacterial adhesion inhibition, vaginal epithelial cells, lower genital tract infection, Gardnerella, Mobiluncus, Candida albicans, Streptococcus agalactiae, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, urogenital microbiota, vaginal colonization
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