Cited by 105Sirtuins and Resveratrol in MedicineBiochemical and Molecular ResearchFolate and B Vitamins Research

Oral Administration of Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Is Safe and Efficiently Increases Blood Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Levels in Healthy Subjects

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Okabe, Keisuke, Yaku, Keisuke, Uchida, Yoshiaki, Fukamizu, Yuichiro, Sato, Toshiya, Sakurai, Takanobu, Tobe, Kazuyuki, Nakagawa, Takashi·2022·Frontiers in Nutrition

Abstract

Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NNM) is an orally bioavailable NAD+ precursor that has demonstrated beneficial effects against aging and aging-associated diseases in animal models. NMN is ultimately converted to NAD+, a redox cofactor that mediates many metabolic enzymes. NAD+ also serves as the substrate for poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and sirtuins, and regulates various biological processes, such as metabolism, DNA repair, gene expression, and stress responses. Previous mouse models showed that NMN administration can increase NAD+ in various organs and ameliorate aging-related diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, heart failure, stroke, kidney failure, and Alzheimer’s disease through NAD+-mediated pathways. However, evidence of its effect on humans is still scarce. In this study, we conducted a placebo-controlled, randomized, double blind, parallel-group trial to investigate the safety of orally administered NMN and its efficacy to increase NAD+ levels in thirty healthy subjects. Healthy volunteers received 250 mg/day of NMN (n = 15) or placebo (n = 15) for 12 weeks, and physiological and laboratory tests were performed during this period. In addition, NAD+ and its related metabolites in whole blood were examined. Oral supplementation of NMN for 12 weeks caused no abnormalities in physiological and laboratory tests, and no obvious adverse effects were observed. NAD+ levels in whole blood were significantly increased after NMN administration. We also observed the significant rise in nicotinic acid mononucleotide (NAMN) levels, but not in NMN. We also found that the increased amount of NAD+ was strongly correlated with pulse rate before the administration of NMN. These results suggest that oral administration of NMN is a safe and practical strategy to boost NAD+ levels in humans. Clinical Trial Registration: JRCT [https://jrct.niph.go.jp/], identifier: [jRCTs041200034].

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Authors
Okabe, K., Yaku, K., Uchida, Y., Fukamizu, Y., Sato, T., Sakurai, T., Tobe, K., & Nakagawa, T.
Affiliations
  • Toyama University Hospital (JP)
  • University of Toyama (JP)
  • Mitsubishi Corporation Life Sciences (Japan) (JP)
Corresponding author
Nakagawa, Takashi
Venue
Frontiers in Nutrition
Published
2022-04-11
Volume
9
Pages
868640-868640
ISSN
2296-861X (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W4223527818
Cited by
105
References
56
Citations by year
2026: 29 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 2
FWCI
10.81
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Frontiers in Nutrition (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Funders
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Sirtuins and Resveratrol in Medicine
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Biochemical and Molecular Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Folate and B Vitamins Research
Keywords
nicotinamide mononucleotide, NAD+ precursors, oral supplementation, nicotinic acid mononucleotide, drug safety, healthy volunteers, aging, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, sirtuins, pulse rate

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