Cited by 62Sirtuins and Resveratrol in MedicineNuclear Receptors and SignalingBiochemical and Molecular Research

Implications of NAD metabolism in pathophysiology and therapeutics for neurodegenerative diseases

Hikosaka, Keisuke, Yaku, Keisuke, Okabe, Keisuke, Nakagawa, Takashi·2021·Nutritional Neuroscience

Abstract

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is an essential coenzyme that mediates various redox reactions. Particularly, mitochondrial NAD plays a critical role in energy production pathways, including the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, fatty acid oxidation, and oxidative phosphorylation. NAD also serves as a substrate for ADP-ribosylation and deacetylation by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) and sirtuins, respectively. Thus, NAD regulates energy metabolism, DNA damage repair, gene expression, and stress response. Numerous studies have demonstrated the involvement of NAD metabolism in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and retinal degenerative diseases. Mitochondrial dysfunction is considered crucial pathogenesis for neurodegenerative diseases such as AD and PD. Maintaining appropriate NAD levels is important for mitochondrial function. Indeed, decreased NAD levels are observed in AD and PD, and supplementation of NAD precursors ameliorates disease phenotypes by activating mitochondrial functions. NAD metabolism also plays an important role in axonal degeneration, a characteristic feature of peripheral neuropathy and neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, dysregulated NAD metabolism is implicated in retinal degenerative diseases such as glaucoma and Leber congenital amaurosis, and NAD metabolism is considered a therapeutic target for these diseases. In this review, we summarize the involvement of NAD metabolism in axon degeneration and various neurodegenerative diseases and discuss perspectives of nutritional intervention using NAD precursors.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1080/1028415x.2019.1637504

Cites

132 of 132 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Boosting or restoring NAD+ levels exhibits benefits against physiological aging and its associated disorders, including obesity, muscle degeneration, and neurodegeneration.

    “Thus, boosting or restoring NAD+ levels exhibits benefits against physiological aging and its associated disorders, including obesity, muscle degeneration, and neurodegeneration (4–8).”
  • NR and NMN have a protective effect in a number of age-related disease models, by increasing the pool of precursors and thus NAD+ levels in the body.

    “According to reports, NR and NMN have a protective effect in a number of age-related disease models, by increasing the pool of precursors and thus NAD+ levels in the body, both of which have been tested in murine and invertebrate aging studies [195, 197, 199].”

    From Immunosenescence: a key player in cancer development (2020) · cites this paper as [199]

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Hikosaka, K., Yaku, K., Okabe, K., & Nakagawa, T.
Affiliations
University of Toyama (JP)
Corresponding author
Nakagawa, Takashi
Venue
Nutritional Neuroscience
Published
2019-07-07
Volume
24
Issue
5
Pages
371-383
ISSN
  • 1028-415X (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-8305
OpenAlex
W2955156220
Cited by
62
References
132
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 10
FWCI
0.91
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Nutritional Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Takeda Science Foundation
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Sirtuins and Resveratrol in Medicine
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Nuclear Receptors and Signaling
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Biochemical and Molecular Research
Keywords
NAD+ metabolism, neurodegenerative diseases, mitochondrial dysfunction, NAD+ precursors, ADP-ribosylation, sirtuins, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, retinal degeneration, glaucoma, Leber congenital amaurosis, axonal degeneration, peripheral neuropathy, energy metabolism, DNA repair, dietary intervention
MeSH terms
Animals, Humans, Mitochondria, NAD, Neurodegenerative Diseases

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review