Role and Potential Mechanisms of Nicotinamide Mononucleotide in Aging
Open accessAbstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) has recently attracted much attention due to its role in aging and lifespan extension. NAD+ directly and indirectly affects many cellular processes, including metabolic pathways, DNA repair, and immune cell activities. These mechanisms are critical for maintaining cellular homeostasis. However, the decline in NAD+ levels with aging impairs tissue function, which has been associated with several age-related diseases. In fact, the aging population has been steadily increasing worldwide, and it is important to restore NAD+ levels and reverse or delay these age-related disorders. Therefore, there is an increasing demand for healthy products that can mitigate aging, extend lifespan, and halt age-related consequences. In this case, several studies in humans and animals have targeted NAD+ metabolism with NAD+ intermediates. Among them, nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), a precursor in the biosynthesis of NAD+, has recently received much attention from the scientific community for its anti-aging properties. In model organisms, ingestion of NMN has been shown to improve age-related diseases and probably delay death. Here, we review aspects of NMN biosynthesis and the mechanism of its absorption, as well as potential anti-aging mechanisms of NMN, including recent preclinical and clinical tests, adverse effects, limitations, and perceived challenges.
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Boosting or restoring NAD+ levels exhibits benefits against physiological aging and its associated disorders, including obesity, muscle degeneration, and neurodegeneration.
“Thus, boosting or restoring NAD+ levels exhibits benefits against physiological aging and its associated disorders, including obesity, muscle degeneration, and neurodegeneration (4–8).”
From Nicotinamide riboside and nicotinamide mononucleotide facilitate NAD <sup>+</sup> synthesis via enterohepatic circulation (2025) · cites this paper as [8]
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Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Yaku, K., Palikhe, S., Iqbal, T., Hayat, F., Watanabe, Y., Fujisaka, S., Izumi, H., Yoshida, T., Karim, M., Uchida, H., et al. (2025) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.adr1538 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
“Thus, boosting or restoring NAD + levels exhibits benefits against physiological aging and its associated disorders, including obesity, muscle degeneration, and neurodegeneration ( 4 – 8 ).”
- Authors
- Rahman, S. U., Qadeer, A., & Wu, Z.
- Affiliations
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University (CN)
- Tongji University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Wu, Ziyun
- Venue
- Aging and disease
- Publisher
- Aging and Disease
- Published
- 2024
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 565
- ISSN
- 2152-5250 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC10917541
- OpenAlex
- W4385500184
- Cited by
- 34
- References
- 133
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 1
- FWCI
- 1.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Aging and Disease (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (82171550)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Sirtuins and Resveratrol in Medicine
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Biochemical and Molecular Research
- Keywords
- nicotinamide mononucleotide, NAD+ metabolism, aging, lifespan extension, age-related diseases, anti-aging mechanism, NAD+ precursors, cellular homeostasis, DNA repair, immune cell function
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aging, Animals, Homeostasis, Humans, Longevity, NAD, Nicotinamide Mononucleotide
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