Biochar in the Agroecosystem–Climate-Change–Sustainability Nexus
Open accessAbstract
Interest in the use of biochar in agriculture has increased exponentially during the past decade. Biochar, when applied to soils is reported to enhance soil carbon sequestration and provide other soil productivity benefits such as reduction of bulk density, enhancement of water-holding capacity and nutrient retention, stabilization of soil organic matter, improvement of microbial activities, and heavy-metal sequestration. Furthermore, biochar application could enhance phosphorus availability in highly weathered tropical soils. Converting the locally available feedstocks and farm wastes to biochar could be important under smallholder farming systems as well, and biochar use may have applications in tree nursery production and specialty-crop management. Thus, biochar can contribute substantially to sustainable agriculture. While these benefits and opportunities look attractive, several problems, and bottlenecks remain to be addressed before widespread production and use of biochar becomes popular. The current state of knowledge is based largely on limited small-scale studies under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Properties of biochar vary with both the feedstock from which it is produced and the method of production. The availability of feedstock as well as the economic merits, energy needs, and environmental risks-if any-of its large-scale production and use remain to be investigated. Nevertheless, available indications suggest that biochar could play a significant role in facing the challenges posed by climate change and threats to agroecosystem sustainability.
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The increase in carbon content achieved by adding biochar to the soil contributes to stimulating the humification and carbon sequestration processes as well as the improvement of soil density and water retention.
“The increase in carbon content achieved by adding biochar to the soil contributes to stimulating the humification and carbon sequestration processes as well as the improvement of soil density and water retention (Nair et al. 2017).”
From Biochar physicochemical properties: pyrolysis temperature and feedstock kind effects (2020) · cites this paper as Nair et al. 2017
The “Soil physical properties” section (page unavailable) reports that biochar decreases soil bulk density and increases water-holding capacity. The “Biochar in soil carbon sequestration and climate-change mitigation” section (page unavailable) describes biochar as a means of storing carbon in soil. Our copy does not establish that increased carbon content stimulates humification or causes the physical improvements; it attributes increased water-holding capacity to biochar’s surface area and porosity. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe increase of specific surface area and porosity caused better water sorption.
“The increase of specific surface area and porosity caused better water sorption (Nair et al. 2017).”
From Biochar physicochemical properties: pyrolysis temperature and feedstock kind effects (2020) · cites this paper as Nair et al. 2017
Biochar improved soil water retention, reduced bulk density, and stabilized soil organic matter.
“Nair et al. (2017) observed that biochar improved soil water retention, reduced bulk density, and stabilized soil organic matter.”
From Biochar and its importance on nutrient dynamics in soil and plant (2020) · cites this paper as Nair et al. 2017
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NUTRIENT COMBINATION WITH BIOCHAR: IMPROVING YIELD AND QUALITY OF JUTE SEED
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- Authors
- Nair, V. D., Nair, P. K. R., Dari, B., Freitas, A. M., Chatterjee, N., & Pinheiro, F. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Florida (US)
- Corresponding author
- Nair, Vimala D.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Frontiers in Plant Science
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2017-12-11
- Volume
- 8
- Pages
- 2051-2051
- ISSN
- 1664-462X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5732357
- OpenAlex
- W2775616538
- Cited by
- 139
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 2
- FWCI
- 8.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Frontiers in Plant Science (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Agriculture (67019)
- National Institute of Food and Agriculture
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Fire effects on ecosystems
- Keywords
- biochar, soil carbon sequestration, agroecosystem sustainability, climate change mitigation, soil properties, nutrient retention, phosphorus availability, feedstock variability, smallholder farming, tree nursery production, heavy metal sequestration, soil organic matter stabilization, microbial activity, agricultural waste utilization
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