Potential of molecular weight and structure of tannins to reduce methane emissions from ruminants: a review

Aboagye, Isaac A.; Beauchemin, Karen A.

doi:10.3390/ani9110856

Cited by 186Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive PhysiologyAnimal Nutrition and PhysiologyAgriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact

Potential of molecular weight and structure of tannins to reduce methane emissions from ruminants: a review

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Aboagye, Isaac A., Beauchemin, Karen A.·2019·Animals

DOI 10.3390/ani9110856PMC PMC6912696

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Abstract

There is a need to reduce enteric methane (CH4) to ensure the environmental sustainability of ruminant production systems. Tannins are naturally found in both tropical and temperate plants, and have been shown to consistently decrease urinary nitrogen (N) excretion when consumed by ruminants. However, the limited number of in vivo studies conducted indicates that the effects of tannins on intake, digestibility, rumen fermentation, CH4 production and animal performance vary depending on source, type, dose, and molecular weight (MW). There are two main types of tannin in terrestrial plants: condensed tannin (CT; high MW) and hydrolysable tannin (HT; low MW). Consumption of CT and HT by ruminants can reduce N excretion without negatively affecting animal performance. High MW tannins bind to dietary protein, while low MW tannins affect rumen microbes, and thus, irrespective of type of tannin, N excretion is affected. The structure of high MW tannin is more diverse compared with that of low MW tannin, which may partly explain the inconsistent effects of CT on CH4 production reported in in vivo studies. In contrast, the limited number of in vivo studies with low MW HT potentially shows a consistent decrease in CH4 production, possibly attributed to the gallic acid subunit. Further in vivo studies are needed to determine the effects of tannins, characterized by MW and structural composition, on reducing CH4 emissions and improving animal performance in ruminants.

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Hydrolyzable tannins, such as gallic acid subunits, directly inhibit methanogens, but the action of condensed tannins on rumen CH4 production is variable.
“It may be attributed to the fact that HT (e.g., gallic acid subunits) directly inhibit methanogens, but the action of CT on rumen CH4 production is variable (172, 207).”
From Phytogenic Additives Can Modulate Rumen Microbiome to Mediate Fermentation Kinetics and Methanogenesis Through Exploiting Diet–Microbe Interaction (2020) · cites this paper as [172]
Section 4.2.1 says hydrolysable tannins may act directly on methanogens, but emphasizes that the mechanism has not been definitively demonstrated. Section 4.2 also says gallic acid may have antimethanogenic effects; it does not establish that gallic acid directly inhibits methanogens. The Introduction supports the claim that condensed tannins have inconsistent effects on methane reduction. Page numbers were not supplied. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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[37]Waghorn G.C. Tavendale M.H. Woodfield D.R. Methanogenesis from forages fed to New Zealand ruminants Proc. N. Z. Grassl. Assoc. 2002 64 167 171

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INTERACCIÓN TANINOS VEGETALES, MICROBIOTA RUMINAL Y METABOLISMO DEL RUMIANTE
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Influence of dietary tannin levels on methane production from ruminant livestock: a meta-analysis.
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Ruminantlarda Enterik Metan Emisyonunu Azaltma Stratejilerinde Tanenlerin Rolü ve Önemi
Onel, E., Taylan, A. K. S. U., & Alaşahan, S. (2021) · Kadirli Uygulamalı Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi
Effect of condensed tannins on methane emission and ruminal microbial populations
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Authors: Aboagye, I. A., & Beauchemin, K. A.
Affiliations: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (CA)
Corresponding author: Beauchemin, Karen A.
ORCID: Aboagye, Isaac A.
Beauchemin, Karen A.
Venue: Animals
Publisher: MDPI AG
Published: 2019-10-23
Volume: 9
Issue: 11
Pages: 856
ISSN: 2076-2615 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.3390/ani9110856
PMC: PMC6912696
OpenAlex: W2981870312
Cited by: 186
References: 86
Citations by year: 2026: 33 · 2025: 35 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 1
FWCI: 1.63
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
dx.doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)
Locations: Animals (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Federal Open Science Repository of Canada / Le Dépôt fédéral de science ouverte du Canada (submittedVersion, cc-by)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (PSS2314)
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Nutrition and Physiology
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
Keywords: tannins, enteric methane, ruminants, proanthocyanidins, hydrolysable tannins, molecular weight, tannin structure, urinary nitrogen excretion, rumen fermentation, gallic acid, animal performance, methane mitigation

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Potential of molecular weight and structure of tannins to reduce methane emissions from ruminants: a review

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