Cited by 35Down syndrome and intellectual disability researchAlzheimer's disease research and treatmentsDementia and Cognitive Impairment Research

Antioxidants in Down Syndrome: From Preclinical Studies to Clinical Trials

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Rueda Revilla, Noemí, Martínez-Cué, Carmen·2020·Antioxidants

Abstract

There is currently no effective pharmacological therapy to improve the cognitive dysfunction of individuals with Down syndrome (DS). Due to the overexpression of several chromosome 21 genes, cellular and systemic oxidative stress (OS) is one of the most important neuropathological processes that contributes to the cognitive deficits and multiple neuronal alterations in DS. In this condition, OS is an early event that negatively affects brain development, which is also aggravated in later life stages, contributing to neurodegeneration, accelerated aging, and the development of Alzheimer’s disease neuropathology. Thus, therapeutic interventions that reduce OS have been proposed as a promising strategy to avoid neurodegeneration and to improve cognition in DS patients. Several antioxidant molecules have been proven to be effective in preclinical studies; however, clinical trials have failed to show evidence of the efficacy of different antioxidants to improve cognitive deficits in individuals with DS. In this review we summarize preclinical studies of cell cultures and mouse models, as well as clinical studies in which the effect of therapies which reduce oxidative stress and mitochondrial alterations on the cognitive dysfunction associated with DS have been assessed.

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Crossref · 10.3390/antiox9080692

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  • Supplementation with antioxidants in patients with Down syndrome improves oxidative stress biomarkers and overall antioxidant status, but no improvements in cognitive performance or retardation of cognitive decline observed.

    “Although supplementation with antioxidants in patients with Down syndrome improves oxidative stress biomarkers and the overall antioxidant status of an organism. However, no improvements in cognitive performance or retardation of cognitive decline have been observed (Rueda Revilla et al. 2020).”

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Authors
Rueda Revilla, N., & Martínez-Cué, C.
Affiliations
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain
Venue
Antioxidants
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2020-08-03
Volume
9
Issue
8
Pages
692
ISSN
2076-3921 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W3046817914
Cited by
35
References
153
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 1
FWCI
0.84
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Antioxidants (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • UCrea (University of Cantabria) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
Institute of Research Valdecilla (IDIVAL) ((NVAL 19/23).)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Down syndrome and intellectual disability research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
Keywords
Down syndrome, oxidative stress, cognitive impairment, neurodegeneration, accelerated aging, Alzheimer's disease, mitochondrial dysfunction, antioxidant therapy, mouse model, clinical trials

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