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Cited by 12Ginseng Biological Effects and ApplicationsSkin Protection and Agingmelanin and skin pigmentation

Enhanced Anti-Skin Aging Effects of Fermented Black Ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) by Aspergillus niger KHNT-1

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Ramadhania, Zelika Mega, Yang, Dong Uk, Moektiwardojo, Moelyono, Han, Yaxi, Park, Jin Kyu, Rupa, Esrat Jahan, Yang, Deok Chun, Lee, Seung Jin +1 more·2022·Applied Sciences
DOI 10.3390/app13010550
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Abstract

Functional foods to prevent aging, particularly skin aging, have grown in popularity as society ages and science uncovers the pathological mechanisms of aging. In this study, we used processed ginseng, one of the famous functional foods, along with fermentation utilizing the novel Aspergillus niger strain KHNT-1 to enhance its value and efficacy. We successfully produced fermented black ginseng (FBG) and investigated its anti-skin aging properties, such as anti-melanogenic, anti-wrinkle, and antioxidant activities. The results showed that FBG at 100 μg/mL inhibited tyrosinase and melanin production in IBMX-stimulated B16F10 cells. FBG significantly reduced tyrosinase, TYRP-1, and MITF mRNA expression. Moreover, FBG stimulated anti-wrinkle effects in UVB-irradiated human dermal fibroblast (FBG) cells by inhibiting elastase activity, and decreasing MMP-1 and MMP-9 while increasing COL-1 mRNA expression. Furthermore, FBG showed antioxidant activity by reducing ROS levels in H2O2-induced HaCat cells. All tests showed that FBG had better anti-melanogenic, anti-wrinkle, and antioxidant activities than black ginseng (BG) and white ginseng (WG). Interestingly, FBG had lower toxicity in B16F10, HDF, and HaCat cells compared with BG. Thus, this study discovers the underlying mechanism of FBG as a functional material with anti-skin-aging properties.

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  • P. ginseng exerts protective effects against skin aging by reducing inflammation and stimulating collagen synthesis, as demonstrated in in vitro and in vivo models.

    “Numerous pharmacological studies have confirmed that P. ginseng exerts protective effects against skin aging by mechanisms such as reducing inflammation and stimulating collagen synthesis, as demonstrated through both in vitro and in vivo experimental models [10,11,12,13,14].”

    From Anti-Aging and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Compounds from Fresh Panax ginseng Roots: A Study on TNF-α/IFN-γ-Induced Skin Cell Damage (2024) · cites this paper as [13]

    The Discussion (page not provided) reports anti-wrinkle effects of fermented black ginseng, and Figure 4 describes COL-1 mRNA measurements in cultured human dermal fibroblasts. These support an in vitro skin-aging effect, but the cited paper does not demonstrate reduced inflammation, directly measure collagen synthesis, or report an in vivo model for its experiments. (LLM, conf=0.87)

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Ramadhania, Z. M., Yang, D. U., Moektiwardojo, M., Han, Y., Park, J. K., Rupa, E. J., Yang, D. C., Lee, S. J., & Kang, S. C.
Affiliations
  • Kyung Hee University (KR)
  • Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang 45363, West Java, Indonesia
  • Nature Bio Pharma Co., Ltd., Seoul 06241, Republic of Korea
Corresponding author
  • Ramadhania, Zelika Mega
  • Kang, Se Chan
ORCID
Venue
Applied Sciences
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2022-12-30
Volume
13
Issue
1
Pages
550
ISSN
2076-3417 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/app13010550
OpenAlex
W4313392002
Cited by
12
References
4
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2
FWCI
0.82
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Applied Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Funders
Directorate of Research and Community Service, Padjadjaran University
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Ginseng Biological Effects and Applications
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Skin Protection and Aging
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › melanin and skin pigmentation
Keywords
Panax ginseng, Aspergillus niger, skin aging, anti-melanogenic activity, tyrosinase inhibition, melanogenesis, anti-wrinkle effect, elastase activity, MMP-1, MMP-9, type I collagen, antioxidant activity, reactive oxygen species, functional foods, cytotoxicity

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