Cited by 62Cancer, Hypoxia, and MetabolismAngiogenesis and VEGF in CancerErythropoietin and Anemia Treatment

Hypoxia pathway proteins and their impact on the blood vasculature

Open access
Rodriguez, Diego, Watts, Deepika, Gaete, Diana, Sormendi, Sundary, Wielockx, Ben·2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Abstract

Every cell in the body requires oxygen for its functioning, in virtually every animal, and a tightly regulated system that balances oxygen supply and demand is therefore fundamental. The vascular network is one of the first systems to sense oxygen, and deprived oxygen (hypoxia) conditions automatically lead to a cascade of cellular signals that serve to circumvent the negative effects of hypoxia, such as angiogenesis associated with inflammation, tumor development, or vascular disorders. This vascular signaling is driven by central transcription factors, namely the hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs), which determine the expression of a growing number of genes in endothelial cells and pericytes. HIF functions are tightly regulated by oxygen sensors known as the HIF-prolyl hydroxylase domain proteins (PHDs), which are enzymes that hydroxylate HIFs for eventual proteasomal degradation. HIFs, as well as PHDs, represent attractive therapeutic targets under various pathological settings, including those involving vascular (dys)function. We focus on the characteristics and mechanisms by which vascular cells respond to hypoxia under a variety of conditions.

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Crossref · 10.3390/ijms22179191

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  • Tumors can induce angiogenesis from nearby blood vessels, triggered by hypoxia-induced HIF signaling and VEGF secretion by cancer cells in a growing tumor.

    “In addition, there is crosstalk between (primary) tumors and blood vessels: tumors can induce angiogenesis from nearby blood vessels, which is triggered by hypoxia-induced hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) signaling and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion by cancer cells in a growing tumor [48,49].”

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Authors
Rodriguez, D., Watts, D., Gaete, D., Sormendi, S., & Wielockx, B.
Affiliations
Technische Universität Dresden (DE)
Corresponding author
Wielockx, Ben
Venue
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2021-08-25
Volume
22
Issue
17
Pages
9191
ISSN
1422-0067 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W3195634891
Cited by
62
References
174
Citations by year
2026: 9 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 1
FWCI
1.24
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • International Journal of Molecular Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Funders
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (No. 314061271—TRR205, WI3291/13-1, WI3291/12-1, µBONE 2084 –T.P 21)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Angiogenesis and VEGF in Cancer
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Erythropoietin and Anemia Treatment
Keywords
hypoxia, hypoxia-inducible factor, HIF prolyl hydroxylase, vascular cells, endothelial cells, pericytes, oxygen sensing, angiogenesis, vascular dysfunction, therapeutic target, proteasomal degradation
MeSH terms
Animals, Blood Vessels, Humans, Oxygen, Cell Hypoxia, Neovascularization, Physiologic, Angiogenic Proteins, Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, Gene Regulatory Networks

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