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Cited by 4Toxic Organic Pollutants ImpactEffects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicalsPharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies

Effects of TBBPA exposure on neurodevelopment and behavior in mice

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Kim, Yongin, Hwang, Inho, Kim, Sun, Jeung, Eui-Bae·2025·International Journal of Molecular Sciences
DOI 10.3390/ijms26157289PMC PMC12346716
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Abstract

Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) is a brominated flame retardant widely used in consumer products. TBBPA is often detected in soil, water, organisms, and even in human blood and breast milk. Hence, it is accessible to developing fetuses and nursing offspring after maternal exposure. The reported evidence for the endocrine disruption of TBBPA in the brain has raised concerns regarding its effects on neurodevelopmental and behavioral functions. This study investigated the effects of TBBPA exposure on neurodevelopment. A cell-based developmental neurotoxicity assay was performed to determine whether TBBPA is a developmental neurotoxicant. The assay revealed TBBPA to be a developmental neurotoxicant. C57BL/6N maternal mice were administered TBBPA at 0, 0.24, and 2.4 mg/kg during pregnancy and lactation, and their offspring underwent behavioral testing. The behavioral experiments revealed sex-specific effects. In females, only a deterioration of the motor ability was observed. In contrast, deteriorations in motor function, memory, and social interaction were noted in males. Furthermore, we validated changes in the expression of genes associated with behavioral abnormalities, confirming that perinatal exposure to TBBPA, at the administered doses, can affect neurodevelopment and behavior in offspring. These findings highlight the need for more in-depth and multifaceted research on the toxicity of TBBPA.

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  • FRs disrupt monoaminergic, neuropeptidergic, and synaptic regulatory pathways that are essential for synaptic organization, stability, and behavioral function.

    “Together, these findings strengthen the view that FRs disrupt monoaminergic, neuropeptidergic, and synaptic regulatory pathways that are essential for synaptic organization, stability, and behavioral function (Kim et al., 2025; Vuong et al., 2020).”

    From Environmental endocrine disruptors at the synapse: mechanisms linking chemical exposure to cognitive and behavioral dysfunction (2026) · cites this paper as Kim et al., 2025

    The Results (§2.2.5; page unavailable) report altered dopamine-related Dat and Drd2 expression and reduced Oxt expression after perinatal TBBPA exposure in mice; the Discussion (§3) links these changes to motor performance and sociability. But the paper does not show disruption of synaptic organization or stability: it reports no significant change in Nrxn1, a marker it measured. The claim also generalizes findings about one flame retardant, TBBPA, to flame retardants as a group and states disruption more firmly than the paper's proposed behavioral links. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Kim, Y., Hwang, I., Kim, S., & Jeung, E.-B.
Affiliations
Chungbuk National University (KR)
Corresponding author
Jeung, Eui-Bae
ORCID
Venue
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2025-07-28
Volume
26
Issue
15
Pages
7289
ISSN
1422-0067 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/ijms26157289
PMC
PMC12346716
OpenAlex
W4412698621
Cited by
4
References
4
Citations by year
2026: 4
FWCI
1.70
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • International Journal of Molecular Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • academic research program of Chungbuk National University in 2025 (2021R1A2C2093275)
  • National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant (2021R1A2C2093275)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
Keywords
tetrabromobisphenol A, brominated flame retardants, developmental neurotoxicity, brain development, behavioral effects, perinatal exposure, maternal exposure, sex-specific effects, motor function, memory, social interaction, gene expression, endocrine disruption
MeSH terms
Animals, Behavior, Animal, Brain, Female, Flame Retardants, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Polybrominated Biphenyls, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Maternal Exposure, Mice

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