Potential Protective Effect of Oleanolic Acid on the Components of Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review
Open accessAbstract
The high prevalence of obesity is a serious public health problem in today’s world. Both obesity and insulin resistance favor the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS), which is associated with a number of pathologies, especially type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular diseases. This serious problem highlights the need to search for new natural compounds to be employed in therapeutic and preventive strategies, such as oleanolic acid (OA). This research aimed to systematically review the effects of OA on the main components of MetS as well as oxidative stress in clinical trials and experimental animal studies. Databases searched included PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane, and CINAHL from 2013 to 2019. Thus, both animal studies (n = 23) and human clinical trials (n = 1) were included in our review to assess the effects of OA formulations on parameters concerning insulin resistance and the MetS components. The methodological quality assessment was performed through using the SYRCLE’s Risk of Bias for animal studies and the Jadad scale. According to the studies in our review, OA improves blood pressure levels, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, and insulin resistance. Although there is scientific evidence that OA has beneficial effects in the prevention and treatment of MetS and insulin resistance, more experimental studies and randomized clinical trials are needed to guarantee its effectiveness.
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Several minor OPO components such as pentacyclic triterpenes (mainly OA), squalene or aliphatic alcohols (mainly octacosanol) have been associated with beneficial effects on blood pressure dysregulation.
“Several minor OPO components such as pentacyclic triterpenes (mainly OA), squalene or aliphatic alcohols (mainly octacosanol) have been associated with beneficial effects on blood pressure dysregulation [7, 35–37].”
From Olive pomace oil can improve blood lipid profile: a randomized, blind, crossover, controlled clinical trial in healthy and at-risk volunteers (2022) · cites this paper as [37]
The Results (section 3.5.1) report reduced systolic and mean arterial blood pressure after oleanolic acid administration in animal studies, supporting the claim for that pentacyclic triterpenoid. The cited passages do not support the blood-pressure claim for squalene or octacosanol. (LLM, conf=0.85)
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- Authors
- Fernández-Aparicio, Á., Schmidt-RioValle, J., Perona, J. S., Correa-Rodríguez, M., Castellano, J. M., & González-Jiménez, E.
- Affiliations
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Av. Ilustración, 60, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ES)
- Instituto de la Grasa, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Campus University Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Medicine
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2019-08-23
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1294
- ISSN
- 2077-0383 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6780804
- OpenAlex
- W2969804459
- Cited by
- 25
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 7
- FWCI
- 0.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- dx.doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Institutional Repository of the University of Granada (University of Granada) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DIGITAL.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Universidad de Granada
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Natural Antidiabetic Agents Studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Natural product bioactivities and synthesis
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Keywords
- oleanolic acid, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperglycemia, blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, natural compounds
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