Effects of Virgin Olive Oils Differing in Their Bioactive Compound Contents on Metabolic Syndrome and Endothelial Functional Risk Biomarkers in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial
Open accessAbstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of virgin olive oils (VOOs) enriched with phenolic compounds and triterpenes on metabolic syndrome and endothelial function biomarkers in healthy adults. The trial was a three-week randomized, crossover, controlled, double-blind, intervention study involving 58 subjects supplemented with a daily dose (30 mL) of three oils: (1) a VOO (124 ppm of phenolic compounds and 86 ppm of triterpenes); (2) an optimized VOO (OVOO) (490 ppm of phenolic compounds and 86 ppm of triterpenes); and (3) a functional olive oil (FOO) high in phenolic compounds (487 ppm) and enriched with triterpenes (389 ppm). Metabolic syndrome and endothelial function biomarkers were determined in vivo and ex vivo. Plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) increased after the OVOO intake. Plasma endothelin-1 levels decreased after the intake of the three olive oils, and in blood cell cultures challenged. Daily intake of VOO enriched in phenolic compounds improved plasma HDLc, although no differences were found at the end of the three interventions, while VOO with at least 124 ppm of phenolic compounds, regardless of the triterpenes content improved the systemic endothelin-1 levels in vivo and ex vivo. No effect of triterpenes was observed after three weeks of interventions. Results need to be confirmed in subjects with metabolic syndrome and impaired endothelial function (Clinical Trials number NCT02520739).
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In the NUTRAOLEUM study, an optimized virgin olive oil enriched in phenolic compounds and a functional olive oil enriched in both phenolic compounds and triterpenes were compared with VOO in healthy adults; none of the oils showed any effect on TC or LDL-C after daily consumption of 30 mL for 3 weeks, and only OVOO caused a significant increase in HDL-C.
“In the NUTRAOLEUM study, an optimized virgin olive oil (OVOO) enriched in phenolic compounds and a functional olive oil (FOO) enriched in both phenolic compounds and triterpenes were compared with VOO in healthy adults; none of the oils showed any effect on TC or LDL-C after daily consumption of 30 mL for 3 weeks, and only OVOO caused a significant increase in HDL-C [13].”
From Olive pomace oil can improve blood lipid profile: a randomized, blind, crossover, controlled clinical trial in healthy and at-risk volunteers (2022) · cites this paper as [13]
Split into 2 atoms — 1 confirmed, 1 partially supported, 0 disputed, 0 misattributed, 0 unverifiable. Expand the claim to see per-atom verdicts.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredOnly 4 of the 10 selected studies performed the dietary intervention in a double-blind way.
“Only 4 of the 10 selected studies performed the dietary intervention in a double-blind way [31,33,35,40].”
Ten RCTs met the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis.
“After reviewing the full text of the remaining records, only 10 met the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis [31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40].”
Research on the health effects of OPO in humans is limited to assessment of some pure minor components administered as drugs or food supplements or as functional VOO enriched in some triterpenes.
“However, research on the health effects of OPO in humans is limited to the assessment of some pure minor components administered as drugs or food supplements [10–12] or as functional VOO enriched in some triterpenes [13, 14], yet to this date the effect of consuming OPO in the diet has not been studied.”
From Olive pomace oil can improve blood lipid profile: a randomized, blind, crossover, controlled clinical trial in healthy and at-risk volunteers (2022) · cites this paper as [13]
To this date, the effect of consuming OPO in the diet has not been studied.
“However, research on the health effects of OPO in humans is limited to the assessment of some pure minor components administered as drugs or food supplements [10–12] or as functional VOO enriched in some triterpenes [13, 14], yet to this date the effect of consuming OPO in the diet has not been studied.”
From Olive pomace oil can improve blood lipid profile: a randomized, blind, crossover, controlled clinical trial in healthy and at-risk volunteers (2022) · cites this paper as [13]
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Zupo, R., Castellana, F., Crupi, P., Desantis, A., Rondanelli, M., Corbo, F., & Clodoveo, M. L. (2023) · Metabolites · doi:10.3390/metabo13121187 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
“Only 4 of the 10 selected studies performed the dietary intervention in a double-blind way [31,33,35,40].”
BackgroundGonzález-Rámila, S., Sarriá, B., Seguido, M. A., García-Cordero, J., Mateos, R., & Bravo, L. (2022) · European Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1007/s00394-022-03001-y · Cited by 24 · see citing works
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- Authors
- Sanchez-Rodriguez, E., Lima-Cabello, E., Biel-Glesson, S., Fernandez-Navarro, J. R., Calleja, M. A., Roca, M., Espejo-Calvo, J. A., Gil-Extremera, B., Soria-Florido, M., De la Torre, R., Fito, M., Covas, M.-I., Alche, J. D. D., Martinez de Victoria, E., Gil, A., & Mesa, M. D.
- Affiliations
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
- Fundación para la Investigación Biosanitaria de Andalucía Oriental - Alejandro Otero (ES)
- Fundación Pública Andaluza para la Investigación Biosanitaria de Andalucía Oriental “Alejandro Otero” (FIBAO), Avenida de Madrid 15, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Food Phytochemistry Department, Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), University Campus Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
- Instituto para la Calidad y Seguridad Alimentaria (ICSA), Avenida de la Hispanidad 17, 18320 Santa Fe, Granada, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Granada, Avenida de la Investigación 11, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Hospital Del Mar (ES)
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neuroscience Research Group, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Research Institute), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (CEXS-UPF), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Networking Centre, Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nutrients
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2018-05-16
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 626
- ISSN
- 2072-6643 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5986505
- OpenAlex
- W2804706770
- Cited by
- 59
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 2.97
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nutrients (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RECERCAT (Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- DIGITAL.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)) (acceptedVersion, other-oa)
- RISalud Institutional Health Repository of Andalucía (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Institutional Repository of the University of Granada (University of Granada) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DIGITAL.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)) (submittedVersion)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Repositori digital de la UPF (Universitat Pompeu Fabra) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Centre for Industrial Technological Development (ITC-20131031)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Edible Oils Quality and Analysis
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nuts composition and effects
- Keywords
- virgin olive oil, metabolic syndrome, endothelial function, phenolic compounds, triterpenoids, endothelin-1, HDL cholesterol, olive oil supplementation, healthy adults
- MeSH terms
- Olive Oil, Adult, Energy Intake, Double-Blind Method, Endothelium, Vascular, Female, Food, Fortified, Humans, Cholesterol, HDL, Male, Middle Aged, Phenols, Triterpenes, Biomarkers, Cross-Over Studies, Endothelin-1, Dietary Supplements, Metabolic Syndrome, Phytochemicals
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