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Cited by 37Ovarian function and disordersDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and LipoproteinsAdipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases

Abdominal Obesity in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Its Relationship with Diet, Physical Activity and Insulin Resistance: A Pilot Study

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Jurczewska, Justyna, Ostrowska, Joanna, Chełchowska, Magdalena, Panczyk, Mariusz, Rudnicka, Ewa, Kucharski, Marek, Smolarczyk, Roman, Szostak-Węgierek, Dorota·2023·Nutrients
DOI 10.3390/nu15163652PMC PMC10459970
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Abstract

Abdominal obesity is a common feature of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and it is known to exacerbate insulin resistance (IR). Improper dietary and physical activity patterns are crucial environmental factors involved in the development of obesity, and they can significantly influence the central deposition of adipose tissue. Therefore, in this cross-sectional study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between abdominal adiposity (measured by VAT (visceral adipose tissue), SAT (subcutaneous adipose tissue), VAT/SAT ratio (visceral to subcutaneous fat ratio), and WHR (waist-to-hip ratio)) and the prevalence and odds ratios of IR (measured by the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), the homeostatic model assessment-adiponectin (HOMA-AD) and leptin to adiponectin ratio (L/A ratio)) in 56 PCOS women. Furthermore, we investigated the relationship between these abdominal obesity indices and diet and physical activity. An original food frequency questionnaire and Actigraph GT3X-BT were used to assess adherence to the diet recommended in IR and the level of physical activity, respectively. We observed a higher prevalence of IR among women with higher VAT, VAT/SAT, and WHR values compared to women with normal values of those abdominal obesity indices. Moreover, VAT/SAT seemed to be the best predictor of IR measured by HOMA-IR and HOMA-AD. However, VAT appeared to be the best and strongest predictor of IR measured by the L/A ratio. We also observed that higher adherence to the diet recommended in IR and higher levels of vigorous physical activity were associated with lower values of central fat accumulation indices and a greater chance of their normal values. Our findings indicate that central obesity increases the odds of IR and supports the beneficial role of diet and physical activity in the management of abdominal obesity in PCOS women.

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  • Excess fat, particularly in the abdominal region, can elevate estrogen levels in obese women, disrupting hormonal balance and causing irregularities in ovulation and menstrual cycles.

    “Excess fat, particularly in the abdominal region, can elevate estrogen levels in obese women, disrupting hormonal balance and causing irregularities in ovulation and menstrual cycles35,36.”

    From The nonlinear association between body roundness index and infertility in married women (2025) · cites this paper as [35]

    The Introduction (page unavailable) says visceral fat is associated with hormonal disturbances in women with PCOS and identifies anovulation as a feature of PCOS. It does not say that abdominal fat raises estrogen levels or that elevated estrogen causes ovulatory or menstrual irregularities; searches for estrogen and the proposed mechanism found no supporting passage. (LLM, conf=0.84)

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Authors
Jurczewska, J., Ostrowska, J., Chełchowska, M., Panczyk, M., Rudnicka, E., Kucharski, M., Smolarczyk, R., & Szostak-Węgierek, D.
Affiliations
  • Medical University of Warsaw (PL)
  • Department of Screening Tests and Metabolic Diagnostics, Institute of Mother and Child, Kasprzaka 17a, 01-211 Warsaw, Poland
  • Department of Education and Research in Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw, 00-581 Warsaw, Poland
Corresponding author
Ostrowska, Joanna
ORCID
Venue
Nutrients
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2023-08-20
Volume
15
Issue
16
Pages
3652
ISSN
2072-6643 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/nu15163652
PMC
PMC10459970
OpenAlex
W4386030458
Cited by
37
References
15
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 8
FWCI
8.87
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Nutrients (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Warszawski Uniwersytet Medyczny
  • Uniwersytet Warszawski
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
Keywords
polycystic ovary syndrome, abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, visceral adipose tissue, subcutaneous adipose tissue, VAT/SAT ratio, waist-to-hip ratio, dietary adherence, physical activity, leptin/adiponectin ratio, HOMA-IR, central fat accumulation
MeSH terms
Cross-Sectional Studies, Diet, Female, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Obesity, Pilot Projects, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Exercise, Adiponectin, Obesity, Abdominal

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