Effects of a eucaloric reduced carbohydrate diet on body composition and fat distribution in women with PCOS
Open accessAbstract
Objective To determine if consumption of a reduced-carbohydrate (CHO) diet would result in preferential loss of adipose tissue under eucaloric conditions, and whether changes in adiposity were associated with changes in postprandial insulin concentration.Methods In a crossover-diet intervention, 30 women with PCOS consumed a reduced-CHO diet (41:19:40% energy from CHO:protein:fat) for 8 weeks and a standard diet (55:18:27) for 8 weeks. Body composition by DXA and fat distribution by CT were assessed at baseline and following each diet phase. Insulin AUC was obtained from a solid meal test (SMT) during each diet phase.Results Participants lost 3.7% and 2.2% total fat following the reduced-CHO diet and STD diet, resp. (p<0.05 for difference between diets). The reduced-CHO diet induced a decrease in subcutaneous-abdominal, intra-abdominal, and thigh-intermuscular adipose tissue (-7.1%, -4.6%, and -11.5%, resp.), and the STD diet induced a decrease in total lean mass. Loss of fat mass following the reduced CHO diet arm was associated with lower insulin AUC (p<0.05) during the SMT.Conclusions In women with PCOS, consumption of a diet lower in CHO resulted in preferential loss of fat mass from metabolically harmful adipose depots, whereas a diet high in CHO appeared to promote repartitioning of lean mass to fat mass.
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In the lower-carbohydrate arm, women with polycystic ovary syndrome lost intermuscular fat.
“In the lower-carbohydrate arm, women lost both IAAT (24.8 cm 2 ; P < 0.01) and intermuscular fat (21.2 cm 2 ; P < 0.01).”
From A Lower-Carbohydrate, Higher-Fat Diet Reduces Abdominal and Intermuscular Fat and Increases Insulin Sensitivity in Adults at Risk of Type 2 Diabetes (2015) · cites this paper as [32]
In the lower-fat arm, women with polycystic ovary syndrome lost lean mass.
“In the lower-fat arm, women lost lean mass (20.6 kg; P < 0.05).”
From A Lower-Carbohydrate, Higher-Fat Diet Reduces Abdominal and Intermuscular Fat and Increases Insulin Sensitivity in Adults at Risk of Type 2 Diabetes (2015) · cites this paper as [32]
In the lower-carbohydrate arm, women with polycystic ovary syndrome lost intra-abdominal adipose tissue.
“In the lower-carbohydrate arm, women lost both IAAT (24.8 cm 2 ; P < 0.01) and intermuscular fat (21.2 cm 2 ; P < 0.01).”
From A Lower-Carbohydrate, Higher-Fat Diet Reduces Abdominal and Intermuscular Fat and Increases Insulin Sensitivity in Adults at Risk of Type 2 Diabetes (2015) · cites this paper as [32]
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- Authors
- Goss, A. M., Chandler-Laney, P. C., Ovalle, F., Goree, L. L., Azziz, R., Desmond, R. A., Wright Bates, G., & Gower, B. A.
- Affiliations
- Augusta University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Goss, Amy M.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Metabolism
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-10
- Volume
- 63
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1257-1264
- ISSN
- 0026-0495 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4191914
- OpenAlex
- W2010696996
- Cited by
- 85
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 3
- FWCI
- 6.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5ul1rr025777-04, 5p60dk079626-05)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P60-DK-079626, P30-DK56336, T32DK062710, P30DK056336, P30DK079626)
- National Center for Research Resources (UL1-RR-025777)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD054960)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Diet and metabolism studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Keywords
- polycystic ovary syndrome, eucaloric diet, body composition, body fat distribution, adipose tissue, visceral adipose tissue, subcutaneous adipose tissue, intermuscular adipose tissue, postprandial insulin, insulin resistance, lean body mass, fat loss, dietary fat
- MeSH terms
- Adipose Tissue, Adult, Body Composition, Diet, Reducing, Dietary Carbohydrates, Female, Humans, Insulin, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Cross-Over Studies, Postprandial Period
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