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Cited by 55Muscle metabolism and nutritionSports Performance and TrainingCardiovascular and exercise physiology

Fructose and Sucrose Intake Increase Exogenous Carbohydrate Oxidation during Exercise

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Trommelen, Jorn, Fuchs, Cas, Beelen, Milou, Lenaerts, Kaatje, Jeukendrup, Asker, Cermak, Naomi, Van Loon, Luc·2017·Nutrients
DOI 10.3390/nu9020167PMC PMC5331598
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Abstract

Peak exogenous carbohydrate oxidation rates typically reach ~1 g∙min−1 during exercise when ample glucose or glucose polymers are ingested. Fructose co‐ingestion has been shown to further increase exogenous carbohydrate oxidation rates. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of fructose co‐ingestion provided either as a monosaccharide or as part of the disaccharide sucrose on exogenous carbohydrate oxidation rates during prolonged exercise in trained cyclists. Ten trained male cyclists (VO2peak: 65 ± 2 mL∙kg−1∙min−1) cycled on four different occasions for 180 min at 50% Wmax during which they consumed a carbohydrate solution providing 1.8 g∙min−1 of glucose (GLU), 1.2 g∙min−1 glucose + 0.6 g∙min−1 fructose (GLU + FRU), 0.6 g∙min−1 glucose + 1.2 g∙min−1 sucrose (GLU + SUC), or water (WAT). Peak exogenous carbohydrate oxidation rates did not differ between GLU + FRU and GLU + SUC (1.40 ± 0.06 vs. 1.29 ± 0.07 g∙min−1, respectively, p = 0.999), but were 46% ± 8% higher when compared to GLU (0.96 ± 0.06 g∙min−1: p < 0.05). In line, exogenous carbohydrate oxidation rates during the latter 120 min of exercise were 46% ± 8% higher in GLU + FRU or GLU + SUC compared with GLU (1.19 ± 0.12, 1.13 ± 0.21, and 0.82 ± 0.16 g∙min−1, respectively, p < 0.05). We conclude that fructose co‐ingestion (0.6 g∙min−1) with glucose (1.2 g∙min−1) provided either as a monosaccharide or as sucrose strongly increases exogenous carbohydrate oxidation rates during prolonged exercise in trained cyclists.

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  • Plasma glucose and insulin concentrations do not differ during moderate intensity exercise at 50% W peak when fructose and glucose are co-ingested compared to ingesting glucose only.

    “We have observed that plasma glucose and insulin concentrations do not differ during moderate intensity exercise (at 50% W peak) when fructose and glucose are co‐ingested compared to ingesting glucose only (Gonzalez et al. 2015; Trommelen et al. 2017).”

    From Fructose co‐ingestion to increase carbohydrate availability in athletes (2019) · cites this paper as Trommelen et al. 2017

    The Discussion reports no significant difference in plasma glucose between glucose alone and glucose plus fructose. Results §3.4 reports nearly identical peak insulin values and similar trends for those treatments, but does not state whether their insulin concentrations differed significantly. The study’s exercise intensity was 50% Wmax. (LLM, conf=0.82)

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Authors
Trommelen, J., Fuchs, C., Beelen, M., Lenaerts, K., Jeukendrup, A., Cermak, N., & Van Loon, L.
Affiliations
  • Maastricht University Medical Centre (NL)
  • Loughborough University (GB)
  • NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
ORCID
Venue
Nutrients
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2017-02-20
Volume
9
Issue
2
Pages
167
ISSN
2072-6643 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/nu9020167
PMC
PMC5331598
OpenAlex
W2590263886
Cited by
55
References
45
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 2
FWCI
3.50
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Nutrients (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Informationszentrum Lebenswissenschaften (ZB MED) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Research Bank (Australian Catholic University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders
Sugar Foundation
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
Keywords
fructose, sucrose, exogenous carbohydrate oxidation, glucose, endurance exercise, trained cyclists, carbohydrate supplementation, disaccharides
MeSH terms
Adult, Bicycling, Blood Glucose, Body Weight, Diet, Dietary Carbohydrates, Double-Blind Method, Fructose, Glucose, Humans, Insulin, Male, Oxygen Consumption, Sucrose, Exercise, Body Mass Index, Cross-Over Studies, Lactic Acid

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