Cited by 63Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicalsToxic Organic Pollutants ImpactPer- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research

The Relationship between Typical Environmental Endocrine Disruptors and Kidney Disease

Open access
Zhang, Xing, Flaws, Jodi A., Spinella, Michael J., Irudayaraj, Joseph·2022·Toxics

Abstract

Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are exogenous substances that alter the endocrine function of an organism, to result in adverse effects on growth and development, metabolism, and reproductive function. The kidney is one of the most important organs in the urinary system and an accumulation point. Studies have shown that EDCs can cause proteinuria, affect glomeruli and renal tubules, and even lead to diabetes and renal fibrosis in animal and human studies. In this review, we discuss renal accumulation of select EDCs such as dioxins, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), bisphenol A (BPA), and phthalates, and delineate how exposures to such EDCs cause renal lesions and diseases, including cancer. The regulation of typical EDCs with specific target genes and the activation of related pathways are summarized.

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Crossref · 10.3390/toxics11010032

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204 of 204 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • Zhang et al. found that short-chain PFASs such as PFBA have a shorter half-life in blood and do not accumulate as extensively in kidney tissue, while PFOS was more prevalent in human kidneys.

    “Zhang et al. [204] compared long-chain and short-chain PFASs, highlighting that short-chain PFASs, such as perfluorobutyric acid (PFBA), have a shorter half-life in blood and do not accumulate as extensively in kidney tissue. In contrast, PFOS was found to be more prevalent in human kidneys.”

    From Industrial Applications, Environmental Fate, Human Exposure, and Health Effects of PFAS (2025) · cites this paper as [204]

    Section 3.1 says short-chain PFAS such as PFBA have a relatively short blood half-life and do not accumulate at high levels in human kidney tissue. It reports PFOS as abundant in the kidneys of Baltic guillemots, not as more prevalent in human kidneys. The human-kidney part of the PFOS comparison is therefore unsupported. (LLM, conf=0.88)

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Authors
Zhang, X., Flaws, J. A., Spinella, M. J., & Irudayaraj, J.
Affiliations
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
Corresponding author
Irudayaraj, Joseph
Venue
Toxics
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2022-12-29
Volume
11
Issue
1
Pages
32
ISSN
2305-6304 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W4313362030
Cited by
63
References
204
Citations by year
2026: 12 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 8
FWCI
1.24
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Toxics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • External Research Board, OVCRI, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (R01ES034112-01A1)
  • NIEHS (R01ES034112-01A1)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research
Keywords
endocrine disruptors, kidney disease, dioxins, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, bisphenol A, phthalates, proteinuria, glomerular lesions, renal tubules, renal fibrosis, kidney cancer, renal accumulation, target genes, signaling pathways

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