Associations between longitudinal serum perfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) levels and measures of thyroid hormone, kidney function, and body mass index in the Fernald Community Cohort

Blake, Bevin E.; Pinney, Susan M.; Hines, Erin P.; Fenton, Suzanne E.; Ferguson, Kelly K.

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2018.07.042

Cited by 238Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances researchChemical Analysis and Environmental ImpactEffects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals

Associations between longitudinal serum perfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) levels and measures of thyroid hormone, kidney function, and body mass index in the Fernald Community Cohort

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Blake, Bevin E., Pinney, Susan M., Hines, Erin P., Fenton, Suzanne E., Ferguson, Kelly K.·2018·Environmental Pollution

DOI 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.07.042PMC PMC6309414

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Abstract

Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a diverse class of manufactured compounds used in a wide range of industrial processes and consumer products and have been detected in human serum worldwide. Previous cross-sectional and cohort studies in humans have suggested exposure to PFAS is associated with a wide array of chronic diseases, including endocrine disruption, developmental health effects, cancer and metabolic changes. We examined the associations between a panel of eight PFAS and indicators of thyroid disruption, kidney function, and body mass index (BMI), all of which were measured at repeated time points (1990-2008) over the course of the study. Participants (N = 210) were selected from the Fernald Community Cohort based on household water supply from a PFAS-contaminated aquifer. In adjusted repeated measures models, we observed several notable associations between serum PFAS and thyroid hormones as well as kidney function as measured by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). An interquartile (IQR) increase in serum PFOS was associated with a 9.75% (95% CI = 1.72, 18.4) increase in thyroid stimulating hormone. An IQR increase in serum PFNA, PFHxS, and PFDeA was associated with a -1.61% (95% CI = -3.53, -0.59), -2.06% (95% CI = -3.53, -0.59), and -2.20% (95% CI = -4.25, -0.14) change in eGFR, respectively. On the other hand, an IQR increase in serum Me-PFOSA was associated with a 1.53% (95% CI = 0.34, 2.73) increase in eGFR. No significant associations with BMI and serum PFAS were noted. Our findings are in agreement with previous reports that serum PFAS are associated with altered kidney and thyroid function.

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PFOS, PFNA, and PFHxS are linked to liver and kidney toxicity in humans and animals.
“A number of well-studied PFAS, namely perfluorooctanoic sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), are linked to liver and kidney toxicity in humans and animals.6”
From Evaluation of sorbents and matrix effects for treating heavy metals and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances as co-contaminants in stormwater (2023) · cites this paper as [6]
The Discussion (page unavailable in our copy) links PFOS, PFNA, and PFHxS to reduced kidney function in a human adolescent population and reports a kidney-function association for PFNA and PFHxS in this cohort. It also describes PFOS-induced kidney injury in rats. It does not establish liver toxicity for these three compounds, or kidney toxicity in animals for PFNA and PFHxS. (LLM, conf=0.87)
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Wang, L.-Q., Liu, T., Yang, S., Sun, L., Zhao, Z., Li, L.-Y., She, Y., Zheng, Y.-Y., Ye, X., Bao, Q., et al. (2021) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-021-23201-0 · Cited by 263 · see citing works
Membrane-based water and wastewater treatment technologies: Issues, current trends, challenges, and role in achieving sustainable development goals, and circular economy
Shehata, N., Egirani, D. E., Olabi, A. G., Inayat, A., Abdelkareem, M. A., Chae, K., & Sayed, E. T. (2023) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137993 · Cited by 277 · see citing works
A Review of the Applications, Environmental Release, and Remediation Technologies of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances
Meegoda, J. N., Kewalramani, J. A., Li, B., & Marsh, R. W. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17218117 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
PFAS Environmental Pollution and Antioxidant Responses: An Overview of the Impact on Human Field
Bonato, M., Corrà, F., Bellio, M., Guidolin, L., Tallandini, L., Irato, P., & Santovito, G. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17218020 · Cited by 243 · see citing works
Remediation of per- and polyfluoroalkyls (PFAS) via electrochemical methods
Sharma, S., Shetti, N. P., Basu, S., Nadagouda, M. N., & Aminabhavi, T. M. (2021) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2021.132895 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
High-pressure membrane filtration processes for separation of Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)
Lee, T., Speth, T. F., & Nadagouda, M. N. (2021) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2021.134023 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
A Critical Review and Meta-Analysis of Impacts of Per- and Polyfluorinated Substances on the Brain and Behavior
Starnes, H. M., Rock, K. D., Jackson, T. W., & Belcher, S. M. (2022) · Frontiers in Toxicology · doi:10.3389/ftox.2022.881584 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
“Multiple studies have reported significant associations between PFAS exposure with lower eGFR and increased odds of CKD (Shankar et al., 2011; Vearrier et al., 2013; Watkins et al., 2013; Kataria et al., 2015; Dhingra et al., 2017; Blake et al., 2018; Stanifer et al., 2018).”
Background
Electrochemical Sensing of Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) Using Ambient Oxygen in River Water
Clark, R. B., & Dick, J. E. (2020) · ACS Sensors · doi:10.1021/acssensors.0c01894 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Perfluoroalkyl Chemicals and Male Reproductive Health: Do PFOA and PFOS Increase Risk for Male Infertility?
Tarapore, P., & Ouyang, B. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18073794 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Endocrine Disruptor Potential of Short- and Long-Chain Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs)—A Synthesis of Current Knowledge with Proposal of Molecular Mechanism
Mokra, K. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22042148 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Membrane-based technologies for per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) removal from water: Removal mechanisms, applications, challenges and perspectives
Jin, T., Peydayesh, M., & Mezzenga, R. (2021) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106876 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Exposure to Perfluoroalkyl Substances in a Cohort of Women Firefighters and Office Workers in San Francisco
Trowbridge, J., Gerona, R. R., Lin, T., Rudel, R. A., Bessonneau, V., Buren, H., & Morello-Frosch, R. (2020) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.9b05490 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
A State-of-the-Science Review of Interactions of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) with Renal Transporters in Health and Disease: Implications for Population Variability in PFAS Toxicokinetics
Niu, S., Cao, Y., Chen, R., Bedi, M., Sanders, A. P., DUCATMAN, A. M., & Ng, C. A. (2023) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp11885 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Perfluoroalkyl/polyfluoroalkyl substances: Links to cardiovascular disease risk
Schlezinger, J. J., & Gokce, N. (2024) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.124.323697 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Improved photocatalysis of perfluorooctanoic acid in water and wastewater by Ga2O3/UV system assisted by peroxymonosulfate
Xu, B., Zhou, J. L., Altaee, A., Ahmed, M. B., Johir, M. A. H., Ren, J., & Li, X. (2019) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124722 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and obesity, type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a review of epidemiologic findings
Qi, W., Clark, J. M., Timme‐Laragy, A. R., & Park, Y. (2020) · Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry Reviews · doi:10.1080/02772248.2020.1763997 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Associations between Novel and Legacy Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Human Serum and Thyroid Cancer: A Case and Healthy Population in Shandong Province, East China
Liu, M., Zhang, G., Meng, L., Han, X., Li, Y., Shi, Y., Li, A., Turyk, M. E., Zhang, Q., & Jiang, G. (2021) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.1c02850 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Effects of Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) and Perfluorooctane Sulfonic Acid (PFOS) on Soil Microbial Community
Xu, R., Tao, W., Lin, H., Huang, D., Su, P., Gao, P., Sun, X., Yang, Z., & Sun, W. (2021) · Microbial Ecology · doi:10.1007/s00248-021-01808-6 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Outdoor and Indoor Dust from Mainland China: Contributions of Unknown Precursors and Implications for Human Exposure
Wang, B., Yao, Y., Wang, Y., Chen, H., & Sun, H. (2022) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.0c08242 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Harnessing Semi-Supervised Machine Learning to Automatically Predict Bioactivities of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs)
Kwon, H., Ali, Z. A., & Wong, B. M. (2022) · Environmental Science & Technology Letters · doi:10.1021/acs.estlett.2c00530 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
PFOS destruction in a continuous supercritical water oxidation reactor
Li, J., Austin, C., Moore, S. J., Pinkard, B. R., & Novosselov, I. V. (2022) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2022.139063 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Kidney function decline mediates the adverse effects of per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) on uric acid levels and hyperuricemia risk
Niu, Z., Duan, Z., He, W., Chen, T., Tang, H., Du, S., Sun, J., Chen, H., Hu, Y., Iijima, Y., et al. (2024) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134312 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Metabolic and Microbial Profiling of Soil Microbial Community under Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance (PFAS) Stress
Wu, E., Wang, K., Liu, Z., Wang, J., Yan, H., Zhu, X., Zhu, X., & Chen, B. (2023) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.3c07020 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Efficient degradation of perfluorooctanoic acid by electrospun lignin-based bimetallic MOFs nanofibers composite membranes with peroxymonosulfate under solar light irradiation
Hou, C., Chen, W., Fu, L., Zhang, S., Liang, C., & Wang, Y. (2021) · International Journal of Biological Macromolecules · doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.184 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Occurrence of per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances in wastewater treatment plants in Northern Italy
Moneta, B. G., Feo, M. L., Torre, M., Tratzi, P., Aita, S. E., Montone, C. M., Taglioni, E., Mosca, S., Balducci, C., Cerasa, M., et al. (2023) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165089 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Review: Hydrothermal treatment of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)
Li, J., Pinkard, B. R., Wang, S., & Novosselov, I. V. (2022) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135888 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Perfluoroalkyl Chemicals in Neurological Health and Disease: Human Concerns and Animal Models
Piekarski, D., Diaz, K., & McNerney, M. (2020) · NeuroToxicology · doi:10.1016/j.neuro.2020.01.001 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and associations with thyroid parameters in First Nation children and youth from Quebec
Caron-Beaudoin, É., Ayotte, P., Sidi, E. A. L., McHugh, N. G.-L., & Lemire, M. (2019) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.04.029 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Maternal levels of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) during early pregnancy in relation to preeclampsia subtypes and biomarkers of preeclampsia risk
Bommarito, P. A., Ferguson, K. K., Meeker, J. D., McElrath, T. F., & Cantonwine, D. E. (2021) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp9091 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
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Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substance exposure and association with sex hormone concentrations: results from the NHANES 2015–2016
Xie, X., Weng, X., Liu, S., Chen, J., Guo, X., Gao, X., Fei, Q., Hao, G., Jing, C., & Feng, L. (2021) · Environmental Sciences Europe · doi:10.1186/s12302-021-00508-9 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and kidney function: Follow-up results from the Diabetes Prevention Program trial
Lin, P. D., Cárdenas, A., Hauser, R. B., Gold, D. R., KLEINMAN, K. P., Hivert, M., Calafat, A. M., Webster, T. F., Horton, E. S., & Oken, E. (2021) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2020.106375 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Perturbation of Nuclear Hormone Receptors by Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals: Mechanisms and Pathological Consequences of Exposure
Hall, J. M., & Greco, C. W. (2019) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells9010013 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Towards deployable electrochemical sensors for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)
Clark, R. B., & Dick, J. E. (2021) · Chemical Communications · doi:10.1039/d1cc02641k · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Health Status of Elderly People Living Near E-Waste Recycling Sites: Association of E-Waste Dismantling Activities with Legacy Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs)
Zhang, T., Zhang, B., Bai, X., Yao, Y., Wang, L., Shu, Y., Kannan, K., Huang, X., & Sun, H. (2019) · Environmental Science & Technology Letters · doi:10.1021/acs.estlett.9b00085 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
The Relationship between Typical Environmental Endocrine Disruptors and Kidney Disease
Zhang, X., Flaws, J. A., Spinella, M. J., & Irudayaraj, J. (2022) · Toxics · doi:10.3390/toxics11010032 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Immunotoxicity of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances: Insights into Short-Chain PFAS Exposure
Woodlief, T., Vance, S. A., Hu, Q., & DeWitt, J. C. (2021) · Toxics · doi:10.3390/toxics9050100 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Bioaccumulation of polyfluoroalkyl substances in the Lake Huron aquatic food web
Ren, J., Point, A. D., Baygi‬, ‪. F., Fernando, S., Hopke, P. K., Holsen, T. M., & Crimmins, B. S. (2022) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.152974 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
The association between blood PFAS concentrations and clinical biochemical measures of organ function and metabolism in participants of the Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS)
Cakmak, S., Lukina, A. O., Karthikeyan, S., Atlas, E., & Dales, R. (2022) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153900 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
A Critical Review of PFAS Analysis, Occurrence, and Fate in Wastewater Treatment Plants
Liu, J. X., & Charbonnet, J. A. (2025) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.5c09949 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Adverse Outcome Pathway for the Neurotoxicity of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances: A Systematic Review
Li, S., Qin, S., Zeng, H., Chou, W., Oudin, A., Kanninen, K. M., Jalava, P., Dong, G., & Zeng, X. (2024) · Eco-Environment & Health · doi:10.1016/j.eehl.2024.08.002 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Concentrations of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Paired Maternal Plasma and Human Milk in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort
Criswell, R. L., Wang, Y.-T., Christensen, B., Botelho, J., Calafat, A., Peterson, L., Huset, C. A., Karagas, M., & Romano, M. (2022) · Environmental Science and Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.2c05555 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
PFASs: What can we learn from the European Human Biomonitoring Initiative HBM4EU
Uhl, M., Schoeters, G. E. R., Govarts, E., Bil, W., Fletcher, T., Haug, L. S., Hoogenboom, L. A. P., Gundacker, C., Trier, X., Fernández, M. F., et al. (2023) · International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health · doi:10.1016/j.ijheh.2023.114168 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
First Observations of a Potential Association Between Accumulation of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in the Central Nervous System and Markers of Alzheimer’s Disease
Delcourt, N., Pouget, A.-M., Grivaud, A., Nogueira, L., Larvor, F., Marchand, P., Schmidt, E. A., & Bizec, B. L. (2023) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/glad208 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
The Use of Gas Chromatography – High Resolution Mass Spectrometry for Suspect Screening and Non-Targeted Analysis of Polyfluorinated Alkyl Substances (PFAS)
Casey, J. S., Jackson, S. R., Ryan, J., & Newton, S. (2022) · Journal of Chromatography A · doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2023.463884 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Chemistry, abundance, detection and treatment of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in water: a review
Firouzjaei, M. D., Zolghadr, E., Ahmadalipour, S., Taghvaei, N., Afkhami, F. A., Nejati, S., & Ellıott, M. (2021) · Environmental Chemistry Letters · doi:10.1007/s10311-021-01340-6 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Prenatal Exposure of PFAS in Cohorts of Pregnant Women: Identifying the Critical Windows of Vulnerability and Health Implications
Luo, Y., Li, X., Li, J., Gong, X., Wu, T., Li, X., Li, Z., Zhai, Y., Yuan, W., Wang, Y., et al. (2024) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.4c00453 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid, a persistent organic pollutant, inhibits iodide accumulation by thyroid follicular cells in vitro
Conti, A., Strazzeri, C., & Rhoden, K. J. (2020) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2020.110922 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) exposure and kidney damage: Causal interpretation using the US 2003–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) datasets
Moon, J. (2021) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117707 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
In silico analysis decodes transthyretin (TTR) binding and thyroid disrupting effects of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)
Dharpure, R., Pramanik, S., & Pradhan, A. (2022) · Archives of Toxicology · doi:10.1007/s00204-022-03434-8 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Co-exposure to perfluoroalkyl acids and heavy metals mixtures associated with impaired kidney function in adults: A community-based population study in China
Su, F., Zeeshan, M., Xiong, L., Lv, J., Yan, W. S., Tang, X., Zhou, Y., Ou, Y., Huang, W., Feng, W., et al. (2022) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156299 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Female Health Concern: Gender-based Accumulation Differences, Adverse Outcomes, and Mechanisms
Li, X., Hou, M., Zhang, F., Ji, Z., Cai, Y., & Shi, Y. (2025) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.4c08701 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Synthetic Chemicals and Cardiometabolic Health Across the Life Course Among Vulnerable Populations: a Review of the Literature from 2018 to 2019
Gaston, S. A., Birnbaum, L. S., & Jackson, C. L. (2020) · Current Environmental Health Reports · doi:10.1007/s40572-020-00265-6 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Perfluoroalkyl acids in pregnant women from Nunavik (Quebec, Canada): Trends in exposure and associations with country foods consumption
Caron-Beaudoin, É., Ayotte, P., Blanchette, C., Muckle, G., Avard, E., Ricard, S., & Lemire, M. (2020) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2020.106169 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Probing the Interactions of Perfluorocarboxylic Acids of Various Chain Lengths with Human Serum Albumin: Calorimetric and Spectroscopic Investigations
Crisalli, A. M., Cai, A., & Cho, B. P. (2023) · Chemical Research in Toxicology · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrestox.3c00011 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Bioaccumulation of perfluoroalkyl substances in a Lake Ontario food web
Ren, J., Point, A. D., Baygi‬, ‪. F., Fernando, S., Hopke, P. K., Holsen, T. M., Lantry, B. F., Weidel, B. C., & Crimmins, B. S. (2021) · Journal of Great Lakes Research · doi:10.1016/j.jglr.2021.08.013 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Yale School of Public Health Symposium: An overview of the challenges and opportunities associated with per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS).
Hagstrom, A. L., Anastas, P., Boissevain, A. L., Borrel, A., Deziel, N., Fenton, S., Fields, C. A., Fortner, J., Franceschi-Hofmann, N., Frigon, R., et al. (2021) · Science of the Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146192 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
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Early menarche and other endocrine disrupting effects of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in adolescents from Northern Norway. The Fit Futures study
Averina, M., Huber, S., Almås, B., Brox, J. H., Jacobsen, B. K., Furberg, A., & Grimnes, G. (2023) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2023.117703 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Correlates of plasma concentrations of per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances among reproductive-aged Black women
Wise, L. A., Wesselink, A. K., Schildroth, S., Calafat, A. M., Bethea, T. N., Geller, R. J., Coleman, C. M., Fruh, V., Henn, B. C., Botelho, J. C., et al. (2021) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2021.111860 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Associations between polyfluoroalkyl substance and organophosphate flame retardant exposures and telomere length in a cohort of women firefighters and office workers in San Francisco
Clarity, C., Trowbridge, J., Gerona, R. R. L., Ona, K. R., McMaster, M., Bessonneau, V., Rudel, R. A., Buren, H., & Morello-Frosch, R. A. (2021) · Environmental Health · doi:10.1186/s12940-021-00778-z · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and association with thyroid hormones in adolescent males
Freire, C., Vela-Soria, F., Castiello, F., Salamanca‐Fernández, E., Quesada-Jiménez, R., López-Alados, M. C., Fernández, M. F., & Olea, N. (2023) · International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health · doi:10.1016/j.ijheh.2023.114219 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Serum concentrations of per-/polyfluoroalkyl substances and risk of type 2 diabetes: A case-control study
Duan, Y., Sun, H., Yao, Y., Li, Y., Meng, Y. D., Lü, Y., Han, L., & Chen, L. (2021) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147476 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Associations between serum concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances and DNA methylation in women exposed through drinking water: A pilot study in Ronneby, Sweden
Xu, Y., Mlakar, S. J., Lindh, C. H., Scott, K., Fletcher, T., Jakobsson, K., & Engström, K. (2020) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2020.106148 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Serum concentrations of per-/polyfluoroalkyl substances and its association with renal function parameters among teenagers near a Chinese fluorochemical industrial plant: A cross-sectional study
Xie, L.-N., Wang, X.-C., Su, L., Ji, S., Dong, X.-J., Zhu, H., Hou, S.-S., Wang, C., Li, Z.-H., Dong, B., et al. (2022) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119020 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Mixtures of per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) reduce the in vitro activation of human T cells and basophils
Maddalon, A., Pierzchalski, A., Kretschmer, T., Bauer, M., Zenclussen, A. C., Marinovich, M., Corsini, E., & Herberth, G. (2023) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139204 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Thyroid disrupting chemicals and developmental neurotoxicity – New tools and approaches to evaluate hormone action
O’Shaughnessy, K. L., & Gilbert, M. E. (2019) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2019.110663 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Longitudinal poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) levels in Dutch infants
van Beijsterveldt, I. A. L. P., van Zelst, B. D., van den Berg, S. A. A., de Fluiter, K. S., van der Steen, M., & Hokken‐Koelega, A. C. S. (2021) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.107068 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Serum levels of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and body composition – A cross-sectional study in a middle-aged population
Lind, P., Lind, L., Salihović, S., Ahlström, H. K., Michaëlsson, K., Kullberg, J., & Strand, R. (2022) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2022.112677 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
PFAS in Nigeria: Identifying data gaps that hinder assessments of ecotoxicological and human health impacts
Kikanme, K. N., Dennis, N. M., Orikpete, O. F., & Ewim, D. R. E. (2024) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29922 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Joint effects of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance alternatives and heavy metals on renal health: A community-based population study in China
Liang, L.-X., Dong, P., Zhou, Y., Zhang, L., Qian, Z. M., Geiger, S. D., Bingheim, E., Tang, X., Yan, W. S., Lv, J., et al. (2022) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2022.115057 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Persistent pollutants: focus on perfluorinated compounds and kidney
Ferrari, F., Orlando, A., Ricci, Z., & Ronco, C. (2019) · Current Opinion in Critical Care · doi:10.1097/mcc.0000000000000658 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances and body size and composition trajectories in midlife women: the study of women’s health across the nation 1999–2018
Ding, N., Karvonen-Gutierrez, C. A., Herman, W. H., Calafat, A. M., Mukherjee, B., & Park, S. K. (2021) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/s41366-021-00848-9 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Exposure to perfluorooctane sulfonate in vitro perturbs the quality of porcine oocytes via induction of apoptosis
Chen, J., Miao, Y., Gao, Q., Cui, Z., & Xiong, B. (2021) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117508 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Select Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Induce Resistance to Carboplatin in Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines
Rickard, B. P., Tan, X. M., Fenton, S. E., & Rizvi, I. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23095176 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
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Association of exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and phthalates with thyroid hormones in adolescents from HBM4EU aligned studies
Rodríguez‐Carrillo, A., Salamanca‐Fernández, E., Hond, E. D., Verheyen, V. J., Fábelová, L., Palkovičová, Ľ., Pedraza‐Díaz, S., Castaño, A., Garcı́a-Lario, J. V., Rémy, S., et al. (2023) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2023.116897 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Elucidating environmental fate and toxicological mechanisms of ultrashort- and short-chain PFAS: Integrating machine learning, molecular modeling, and experimental validation
Hu, J., Xu, Y., Song, X., Liang, K., Huang, M., Zhao, S., & Liu, H. (2025) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126277 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
The potential mediating role of the gut microbiome and metabolites in the association between PFAS and kidney function in young adults: A proof-of-concept study
Hampson, H. E., Li, S., Walker, D. I., Wang, H., Jia, Q., Rock, S., Costello, E. J., Bjornstad, P., Pyle, L. L., Nelson, J. W., et al. (2024) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176519 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
The use of in vitro methods in assessing human health risks associated with short‐chain perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)
Solan, M. E., & Lavado, R. (2021) · Journal of Applied Toxicology · doi:10.1002/jat.4270 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Investigating mouse hepatic lipidome dysregulation following exposure to emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)
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Authors: Blake, B. E., Pinney, S. M., Hines, E. P., Fenton, S. E., & Ferguson, K. K.
Affiliations: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
University of Cincinnati (US)
Environmental Protection Agency (US)
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (US)
Corresponding author: Ferguson, Kelly K.
ORCID: Blake, Bevin E.
Pinney, Susan M.
Hines, Erin P.
Fenton, Suzanne E.
Ferguson, Kelly K.
Venue: Environmental Pollution
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2018-11
Volume: 242
Issue: Pt A
Pages: 894-904
ISSN: 0269-7491 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.07.042
PMC: PMC6309414
OpenAlex: W2883275412
Cited by: 236
References: 67
Citations by year: 2026: 26 · 2025: 38 · 2024: 34 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 44 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 9
FWCI: 9.81
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
Locations: Environmental Pollution (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (EPA-RD - 83478801, ES007126, NIEHS 1Z01ES102785)
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Topics: Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Chemical Analysis and Environmental Impact
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals
Keywords: perfluorinated compounds, PFAS exposure, thyroid-stimulating hormone, thyroid function, renal function, estimated glomerular filtration rate, body mass index, PFOS, PFNA, PFHxS, endocrine disruption, domestic water supply
MeSH terms: Caprylates, Cross-Sectional Studies, Environmental Exposure, Environmental Pollutants, Fluorocarbons, Humans, Thyroid Hormones, Thyrotropin, Cohort Studies, Body Mass Index, Alkanesulfonic Acids, Endocrine Disruptors

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Associations between longitudinal serum perfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) levels and measures of thyroid hormone, kidney function, and body mass index in the Fernald Community Cohort

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