Cited by 517Substance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesMental Health Treatment and Access

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 63 of the 64 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Alcohol Use Disorder and Depressive Disorders

Open access

McHugh, RK·2019·Alcohol Research: Current Reviews

DOI 10.35946/arcr.v40.1.01PMC PMC6799954

Open this paper in CoChat — free account Open PDF

Abstract

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) and depressive disorders are among the most prevalent psychiatric disorders and co-occur more often than expected by chance. The aim of this review is to characterize the prevalence, course, and treatment of co-occurring AUD and depressive disorders. Studies have indicated that the co-occurrence of AUD and depressive disorders is associated with greater severity and worse prognosis for both disorders. Both pharmacologic and behavioral treatments have demonstrated efficacy for this population. However, treatment response is somewhat modest, particularly for drinking outcomes, highlighting the importance of further research on the etiology and treatment of co-occurring AUD and depressive disorders. Key future directions include studies to understand the heterogeneity of both AUD and depressive disorders, research on novel treatment approaches to enhance outcomes, and better understanding of sex and gender differences.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.35946/arcr.v40.1.01

Cites

63 of 63 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
American Psychiatric Association (2022) · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425787 · Cited by 23,476
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/springerreference_121117 · Cited by 20,772
Prevalence, Severity, and Comorbidity of 12-Month DSM-IV Disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication
Kessler, R. C., Chiu, W. T., Demler, O., & Walters, E. E. (2005) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.62.6.617 · Cited by 12,052
Prevalence and Co-occurrence of Substance Use Disorders and IndependentMood and Anxiety Disorders: Results From the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and RelatedConditions
Grant, B. F., Stinson, F. S., Dawson, D. A., Chou, S. P., Dufour, M. C., Compton, W., Pickering, R. P., & Kaplan, K. (2004) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.61.8.807 · Cited by 2,889
Lifetime Co-occurrence of DSM-III-R Alcohol Abuse and Dependence With Other Psychiatric Disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey
Kessler, R. C. (1997) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1997.01830160031005 · Cited by 2,085
Epidemiology of women and depression
Kessler, R. (2003) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/s0165-0327(02)00426-3 · Cited by 2,006
Matching Alcoholism Treatments to Client Heterogeneity: Project MATCH posttreatment drinking outcomes.
(1997) · Journal of Studies on Alcohol · doi:10.15288/jsa.1997.58.7 · Cited by 1,905
Epidemiology of Major Depressive Disorder: Results From the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcoholism and Related Conditions
Hasin, D. S., Goodwin, R. D., Stinson, F. S., & Grant, B. F. (2005) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.62.10.1097 · Cited by 1,645
Randomized trial of behavioral activation, cognitive therapy, and antidepressant medication in the acute treatment of adults with major depression.
Dimidjian, S., Hollon, S. D., Dobson, K. S., Schmaling, K. B., Kohlenberg, R. J., Addis, M. E., Gallop, R., McGlinchey, J. B., Markley, D. K., Gollan, J. K., et al. (2006) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.74.4.658 · Cited by 1,607
Prevalence and Co-occurrence of Substance Use Disorders and Independent Mood and Anxiety Disorders: Results From the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions
Talbott, J. (2006) · Yearbook of Psychiatry and Applied Mental Health · doi:10.1016/s0084-3970(08)70128-2 · Cited by 1,434 · cited 1×
“Several potential developmental pathways have been proposed to explain the high rate of co-occurring AUD and depressive disorders, including: (1) depressive disorders increase risk for AUD, (2) AUD increases risk for depressive disorders, and (3) both conditions share pathophysiology or have common risk factors.”
Background
Treatment of Depression in Patients With Alcohol or Other Drug Dependence
Nunes, E. V., & LEVIN, F. R. (2004) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.291.15.1887 · Cited by 535
Development of lifetime comorbidity in the World Health Organization world mental health surveys
Kessler, R. C., Ormel, J., Petukhova, M., McLaughlin, K. A., Green, J. G., Russo, L. J., Stein, D. J., Zaslavsky, A. M., Aguilar-Gaxiola, S., Alonso, J., et al. (2011) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.180 · Cited by 508
The prevalence and impact of alcohol problems in major depression: A systematic review
Sullivan, L. E., Fiellin, D. A., & O’Connor, P. G. (2005) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2005.01.007 · Cited by 489
Tests of Causal Links Between Alcohol Abuse or Dependence and Major Depression
Fergusson, D. M., Boden, J. M., & Horwood, L. J. (2009) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2008.543 · Cited by 475
Prevalence, Severity, and Comorbidity of 12-Month DSM-IV Disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication
Talbott, J. A. (2006) · Yearbook of Psychiatry and Applied Mental Health · doi:10.1016/s0084-3970(08)70124-5 · Cited by 394
Comparison of induced and independent major depressive disorders in 2,945 alcoholics
Schuckit, M. A., TIPP, J. E., Bergman, M., Reich, W., HESSELBROCK, V. M., & Smith, T. L. (1997) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.154.7.948 · Cited by 387
The effect of depression on return to drinking: a prospective study.
Greenfield, S., Weiss, R., Muenz, L., Vagge, L., Kelly, J., Bello, L. R., & Michael, J. (1998) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.55.3.259 · Cited by 383 · cited 6×
“However, major depressive disorder is the most common co-occurring disorder among people who have AUD, partly because it is among the most common disorders in the general population.”
BackgroundInfluential
Effects of Major Depression on Remission and Relapse of Substance Dependence
Hasin, D. S., Liu, X., Nunes, E. V., McCloud, S., Samet, S., & Endicott, J. (2002) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.59.4.375 · Cited by 375 · cited 1×
“Several potential developmental pathways have been proposed to explain the high rate of co-occurring AUD and depressive disorders, including: (1) depressive disorders increase risk for AUD, (2) AUD increases risk for depressive disorders, and (3) both conditions share pathophysiology or have common risk factors.”
Background
Treatment of substance abusing patients with comorbid psychiatric disorders
Kelly, T. M., Daley, D. C., & Douaihy, A. B. (2011) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2011.09.010 · Cited by 306
Treatment of comorbid alcohol use disorders and depression with cognitive‐behavioural therapy and motivational interviewing: a meta‐analysis
Riper, H., Andersson, G., Hunter, S. B., Wit, J., Berking, M., & Cuijpers, P. (2014) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/add.12441 · Cited by 276
Efficacy of antidepressants in substance use disorders with and without comorbid depression
Torrens, M., Fonseca, F., Mateu-Codina, G., & Farré, M. (2004) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2004.09.004 · Cited by 272
A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial Combining Sertraline and Naltrexone for Treating Co-Occurring Depression and Alcohol Dependence
Pettinati, H. M., Oslin, D. W., Kampman, K. M., Dundon, W. D., Xie, H., Gallis, T. L., Dackis, C. A., & O’Brien, C. P. (2010) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2009.08060852 · Cited by 268
The effect of a behavioral activation treatment for substance use on post‐treatment abstinence: a randomized controlled trial
Daughters, S. B., Magidson, J. F., Anand, D., Seitz‐Brown, C. J., Chen, Y., & Baker, S. M. (2017) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/add.14049 · Cited by 191
A Prospective Assessment of Reports of Drinking to Self-medicate Mood Symptoms With the Incidence and Persistence of Alcohol Dependence
Crum, R. M., Mojtabai, R., Lazareck, S., Bolton, J. M., Robinson, J. L., Sareen, J., Green, K. M., Stuart, E. A., Flair, L. L., Alvanzo, A. A. H., et al. (2013) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.1098 · Cited by 184
Sex-Specific Genetic Influences on the Comorbidity of Alcoholism and Major Depression in a Population-Based Sample of US Twins
Prescott, C. A., Aggen, S. H., & Kendler, K. S. (2000) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.57.8.803 · Cited by 175
Alcohol use and Depression During Adolescence and Young Adulthood: a Summary and Interpretation of Mixed Findings
Pedrelli, P., Shapero, B., Archibald, A., & Dale, C. (2016) · Current Addiction Reports · doi:10.1007/s40429-016-0084-0 · Cited by 169
Imipramine Treatment of Opiate-Dependent Patients With Depressive Disorders
Nunes, E. V., Quitkin, F. M., Donovan, S. J., Deliyannides, D. A., Ocepek‐Welikson, K., Koenig, T., Brady, R., McGrath, P. J., & WOODY, G. E. (1998) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.55.2.153 · Cited by 166
The temporal relationship of the onsets of alcohol dependence and major depression: using a genetically informative study design
Kuo, P., Gardner, C. O., Kendler, K. S., & Prescott, C. A. (2006) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291706007860 · Cited by 163
Race/ethnic differences in the prevalence and co-occurrence of substance use disorders and independent mood and anxiety disorders: Results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions
Smith, S. M. R., Stinson, F. S., Dawson, D. A., Goldstein, R. B., Huang, B., & Grant, B. F. (2006) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291706007690 · Cited by 155
Age of onset and temporal sequencing of lifetime DSM-IV alcohol use disorders relative to comorbid mood and anxiety disorders
Falk, D. E., Yi, H., & Hilton, M. E. (2008) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.11.022 · Cited by 151
Order of onset of substance abuse and depression in a sample of depressed outpatients
Abraham, H. D., & D, M. F. M. (1999) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0010-440x(99)90076-7 · Cited by 146
Alcohol use disorders and the course of depressive and anxiety disorders
Boschloo, L., Vogelzangs, N., van den Brink, W., Smit, J. H., Veltman, D. J., Beekman, A. T. F., & Penninx, B. W. J. H. (2012) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.111.097550 · Cited by 131
Antidepressants for the treatment of people with co-occurring depression and alcohol dependence
Agabio, R., Trogu, E., & Pani, P. P. (2018) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd008581.pub2 · Cited by 131
Integrated psychological treatment for substance use and co-morbid anxiety or depression vs. treatment for substance use alone. A systematic review of the published literature
Hesse, M. (2009) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-9-6 · Cited by 130
Gender Differences in Lifetime Alcohol Dependence: Results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions
Khan, S., Okuda, M., Hasin, D. S., Secades‐Villa, R., Keyes, K., Lin, K., Grant, B., & Blanco, C. (2013) · Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/acer.12158 · Cited by 121
Impact of alcohol detoxification on anxiety and depressive symptoms
Liappas, J., Paparrigopoulos, T. J., Tzavellas, E., & Christodoulou, G. N. (2002) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/s0376-8716(02)00195-3 · Cited by 118
Five-year course of major depression: Effects of comorbid alcoholism
Hasin, D. S., Tsai, W., Endicott, J., Mueller, T. I., Coryell, W. H., & Keller, M. B. (1996) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/0165-0327(96)00068-7 · Cited by 111
Neural Correlates of Three Promising Endophenotypes of Depression: Evidence from the EMBARC Study
Webb, C. A., Dillon, D. G., Pechtel, P., Goer, F. K., Murray, L., Huys, Q. J., Fava, M., McGrath, P. J., Weissman, M., Parsey, R., et al. (2016) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2015.165 · Cited by 103
Effects of Independent and Substance-Induced Major Depressive Disorder on Remission and Relapse of Alcohol, Cocaine and Heroin Dependence
Samet, S., Fenton, M. C., Nunes, E., Greenstein, E., Aharonovich, E., & Hasin, D. (2013) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.04010.x · Cited by 98
Gender differences in DSM-IV alcohol use disorders and major depression as distributed in the general population: Clinical implications
Hanna, E. Z., & Grant, B. F. (1997) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0010-440x(97)90028-6 · Cited by 95
Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Service Utilization for Individuals With Co-Occurring Mental Health and Substance Use Disorders in the General Population
Hatzenbuehler, M. L., Keyes, K. M., Narrow, W. E., Grant, B. F., & Hasin, D. S. (2008) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.v69n0711 · Cited by 95
Genetic Risk Variants Associated With Comorbid Alcohol Dependence and Major Depression
Zhou, H., Polimanti, R., Yang, B.-Z., Wang, Q., Han, S., Sherva, R., Nuñez, Y. Z., Zhao, H., Farrer, L. A., Kranzler, H. R., et al. (2017) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2017.3275 · Cited by 94
Gender differences in the structure of risk for alcohol use disorder in adolescence and young adulthood
Foster, K. T., Hicks, B. M., Iacono, W. G., & McGue, M. K. (2015) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291715001014 · Cited by 90
Polygenic Scores for Major Depressive Disorder and Risk of Alcohol Dependence
Andersen, A. M., Pietrzak, R. H., Kranzler, H. R., Ma, L., Zhou, H., Liu, X., Kramer, J., Kuperman, S., Edenberg, H. J., Nurnberger, J. I., et al. (2017) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2017.2269 · Cited by 90
Gender Differences in the Relation between Depressive Symptoms and Alcohol Problems: A Longitudinal Perspective
Moscato, B. S., Russell, M., Zielezny, M. A., Bromet, E. J., Egri, G., Mudar, P. J., & Marshall, J. R. (1997) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009224 · Cited by 89
Does comorbid substance use disorder impair recovery from major depression with SSRI treatment? An analysis of the STAR*D level one treatment outcomes
Davis, L. L., Wisniewski, S. R., Howland, R. H., Trivedi, M. H., Husain, M. M., D, M. F. M., McGrath, P. J., Balasubramani, G. K., Warden, D., & Rush, A. J. (2009) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.10.003 · Cited by 87
Internalizing and Externalizing Problem Behavior: a Test of a Latent Variable Interaction Predicting a Two-Part Growth Model of Adolescent Substance Use
Colder, C. R., Frndak, S., Lengua, L. J., Read, J. P., Hawk, L. W., & Wieczorek, W. F. (2017) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/s10802-017-0277-6 · Cited by 85
Independent Versus Substance-Induced Major Depressive Disorder in Substance-Dependent Patients
Nunes, E. V., Liu, X., Samet, S., Matseoane, K., & Hasin, D. S. (2006) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.v67n1010 · Cited by 83
Antidepressants for Major Depressive Disorder and Dysthymic Disorder in Patients With Comorbid Alcohol Use Disorders
Iovieno, N., Tedeschini, E., Bentley, K. H., Evins, A. E., & Papakostas, G. I. (2011) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.10m06217 · Cited by 80
Clinical outcomes of an integrated treatment for depression and substance use disorders.
Lydecker, K. P., Tate, S. R., Cummins, K. M., McQuaid, J. R., Granholm, E. L., & Brown, S. A. (2010) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/a0019943 · Cited by 75
Naltrexone and Disulfiram in Patients With Alcohol Dependence and Current Depression
Petrakis, I., Ralevski, E., Nich, C., Levinson, C., Carroll, K., Poling, J., & Rounsaville, B. (2007) · Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1097/jcp.0b13e3180337fcb · Cited by 66
Alcohol-Use Disorders and Depression: Results from Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis of the Acamprosate-Controlled Studies
Lejoyeux, M., & Lehert, P. (2010) · Alcohol and Alcoholism · doi:10.1093/alcalc/agq077 · Cited by 64
Substance-Induced Depression and Independent Depression in Proximal Risk for Suicidal Behavior
Conner, K. R., Gamble, S. A., Bagge, C. L., He, H., Swogger, M. T., Watts, A., & Houston, R. J. (2014) · Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs · doi:10.15288/jsad.2014.75.567 · Cited by 57
Drug withdrawal-induced depression: Serotonergic and plasticity changes in animal models
Renoir, T., Pang, T. Y., & Lanfumey, L. (2011) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2011.10.003 · Cited by 56
Naltrexone utility in depressed alcoholics.
Salloum, I. M., Cornelius, J. R., Thase, M. E., Daley, D. C., Kirisci, L., & Spotts, C. (1998) · PubMed · Cited by 54
A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of sertraline with naltrexone for alcohol dependence
Farren, C. K., Scimeca, M. M., Wu, R., & Malley, S. (2008) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.06.006 · Cited by 31
A Randomized, Controlled, Pilot Study of Acamprosate Added to Escitalopram in Adults With Major Depressive Disorder and Alcohol Use Disorder
Witte, J. M., Bentley, K. H., Evins, A. E., Clain, A. J., Baer, L., Pedrelli, P., D, M. F. M., & Mischoulon, D. (2012) · Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1097/jcp.0b013e3182726764 · Cited by 26
Racial/Ethnic Differences in Contemporaneous Use of Mental Health and Substance Use Treatment Among Individuals Experiencing Both Mental Illness and Substance Use Disorders
Nam, E., Matejkowski, J. C., & Lee, S. (2016) · Psychiatric Quarterly · doi:10.1007/s11126-016-9444-0 · Cited by 20
Changes in depression mediate the effects of AA attendance on alcohol use outcomes
Wilcox, C. E., & Tonigan, J. S. (2016) · The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse · doi:10.1080/00952990.2016.1249283 · Cited by 20
A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial Combining Sertraline and Naltrexone for Treating Co-Occurring Depression and Alcohol Dependence
FRANCES, R. J. (2011) · Yearbook of Psychiatry and Applied Mental Health · doi:10.1016/s0084-3970(10)79423-8 · Cited by 14
Systematic review of the published literature
Stanley, N., Ellis, J., Farrelly, N., Hollinghurst, S. P., Bailey, S., & Downe, S. M. (2015) · Cited by 7
Antidepressants for Major Depressive Disorder and Dysthymic Disorder in Patients With Comorbid Alcohol Use Disorders: A Meta-Analysis of Placebo-Controlled Randomized Trials
FRANCES, R. J. (2012) · Yearbook of Psychiatry and Applied Mental Health · doi:10.1016/j.ypsy.2012.07.116 · Cited by 6
Substance-induced depression and independent depression in proximal risk for suicidal behavior
Conner, K. R., Gamble, S. A., Bagge, C. L., He, H., Swogger, M. T., Watts, A., & Houston, R. J. (2014) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e530932014-001 · Cited by 2

Flagged first, then by citations

1 of the 64 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Sorted by citations

Biological, Psychological, and Social Determinants of Depression: A Review of Recent Literature
Remes, O., Mendes, J. F., & Templeton, P. (2021) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci11121633 · Cited by 482
Increased Mood Disorder Symptoms, Perceived Stress, and Alcohol Use among College Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Charles, N. E., Strong, S. J., Burns, L. C., Bullerjahn, M. R., & Serafine, K. M. (2021) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113706 · Cited by 459
Metabolic syndrome – a new definition and management guidelines A joint position paper by the Polish Society of Hypertension, Polish Society for the Treatment of Obesity, Polish Lipid Association, Polish Association for Study of Liver, Polish Society of Family Medicine, Polish Society of Lifestyle Medicine, Division of Prevention and Epidemiology Polish Cardiac Society, “Club 30” Polish Cardiac Society, and Division of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Society of Polish Surgeons
Dobrowolski, P., Prejbisz, A., Kuryłowicz, A., Baska, A., Burchardt, P., Chlebus, K., Dzida, G. J., Jankowski, P., Jaroszewicz, J., Jaworski, P., et al. (2022) · Archives of Medical Science · doi:10.5114/aoms/152921 · Cited by 236
“It is also recommended to administer depression and anxiety screening to patients who confirm using alcohol [16].”
Background
Associations of common mental disorder with alcohol use in the adult general population: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Puddephatt, J., Irizar, P., Jones, A., Gage, S. H., & Goodwin, L. (2021) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/add.15735 · Cited by 229
Alcohol-Induced Oxidative Stress and the Role of Antioxidants in Alcohol Use Disorder: A Systematic Review
Tsermpini, E. E., Ilješ, A. P., & Dolžan, V. (2022) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox11071374 · Cited by 212

See all 517

Authors: McHugh, R.
Affiliations: Harvard University (US)
Corresponding author: McHugh, RK
ORCID: McHugh, RK
Venue: Alcohol Research: Current Reviews
Publisher: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
Published: 2019
Volume: 40
Issue: 1
ISSN: 2168-3492 (ISSN-L)
2169-4796
DOI: 10.35946/arcr.v40.1.01
PMC: PMC6799954
OpenAlex: W2972722553
Cited by: 517
References: 64
Citations by year: 2026: 38 · 2025: 125 · 2024: 104 · 2023: 93 · 2022: 93 · 2021: 48 · 2020: 16
FWCI: 5.72
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: diamond
doi.org
Licence: public-domain
Locations: Alcohol research (publishedVersion, public-domain)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, public-domain)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, public-domain)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Charles Engelhard Foundation
National Institute on Drug Abuse (K24DA022288, K23DA035297)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Keywords: alcoholism, depressive disorders, comorbidities, prevalence, clinical course, treatment response, pharmacotherapy, behavior therapy, prognosis, sex and gender differences
MeSH terms: Alcoholism, Depressive Disorder, Humans, Prognosis, Comorbidity, Prevalence

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Alcohol Use Disorder and Depressive Disorders

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks