The DOI matches its OpenAlex record; 25 of the 25 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Superparamagnetic iron oxide based MRI contrast agents: Current status of clinical application.
Open accessAbstract
Superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) MR contrast agents are composed of nano-sized iron oxide crystals coated with dextran or carboxydextran. Two SPIO agents are clinically approved, namely: ferumoxides (Feridex in the USA, Endorem in Europe) with a particle size of 120 to 180 nm, and ferucarbotran (Resovist) with a particle size of about 60 nm. The principal effect of the SPIO particles is on T2* relaxation and thus MR imaging is usually performed using T2/T2*-weighted sequences in which the tissue signal loss is due to the susceptibility effects of the iron oxide core. Enhancement on T1-weighted images can also be seen with the smaller Resovist. Both Feridex and Resovist are approved specifically for MRI of the liver. The difference being that Resovist can be administered as a rapid bolus (and thus can be used with both dynamic and delayed imaging), whereas Feridex needs to be administered as a slow infusion and is used solely in delayed phase imaging. In the liver, these particles are sequestered by phagocytic Kupffer cells in normal reticuloendothelial system (RES), but are not retained in lesions lacking Kupffer cells. Consequently, there are significant differences in T2/T2* relaxation between normal tissue and lesions, resulting in increased lesion conspicuity and detectability. SPIO substantially increase the detectability of hepatic metastases. For focal hepatocellular lesions, SPIO-enhanced MR imaging exhibits slightly better diagnostic performance than dynamic CT. A combination of dynamic and static MR imaging technique using T1- and T2 imaging criteria appears to provide clinically more useful patterns of enhancement. Feridex and Resovist are also used for evaluating macrophage activities in some inflammatory lesions, but their clinical values remain to be further confirmed. The clinical development of Ferumoxtran (Combidex in the USA, Sinerem in Europe), designed for lymph node metastasis evaluation, is currently stopped.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Wang, Y.-X. J., Hussain, S. M., & Krestin, G. P. (2001) · European Radiology · doi:10.1007/s003300100908 · Cited by 1,381
Superparamagnetic iron oxide: pharmacokinetics and toxicity
Weissleder, R., Stark, D., Engelstad, B., Bacon, B., Compton, C., White, D., Jacobs, P., & Lewis, J. (1989) · American Journal of Roentgenology · doi:10.2214/ajr.152.1.167 · Cited by 1,045
Reimer, P., & Balzer, T. (2003) · European Radiology · doi:10.1007/s00330-002-1721-7 · Cited by 614
Trivedi, R. A., U-King-Im, J.-M., Graves, M. J., Cross, J. J., Horsley, J., Goddard, M. J., Skepper, J. N., Quartey, G., Warburton, E., Joubert, I., et al. (2004) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.0000131268.50418.b7 · Cited by 301
Ros, P. R., Freeny, P. C., Harms, S. E., Seltzer, S. E., Davis, P. L., Chan, T. W., Stillman, A. E., Muroff, L. R., Runge, V. M., & Nissenbaum, M. A. (1995) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiology.196.2.7617864 · Cited by 278
In vivo MRI of brain inflammation in human ischaemic stroke
Saleh, A., Schroeter, M., Jonkmanns, C., Hartung, H.-P., Modder, U., & Jander, S. (2004) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awh191 · Cited by 226
Imai, Y., Murakami, T., Yoshida, S., Nishikawa, M., Ohsawa, M., Tokunaga, K., Murata, M., Shibata, K., Zushi, S., Kurokawa, M., et al. (2000) · Hepatology · doi:10.1053/jhep.2000.9113 · Cited by 223
Neuwelt, E. A., Várallyay, P., Bagó, A. G., Muldoon, L. L., Nesbit, G., & Nixon, R. (2004) · Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2990.2004.00557.x · Cited by 219
Reimer, P., Jähnke, N., Fiebich, M., Schima, W., Deckers, F., Marx, C., Holzknecht, N., & Saini, S. (2000) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiology.217.1.r00oc31152 · Cited by 188
Vogl, T. J., Hammerstingl, R., Schwarz, W., Mack, M. G., Müller, P. K., Pegios, W., Keck, H., Eibl-Eibesfeldt, A., Hoelzl, J., Woessmer, B., et al. (1996) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiology.198.3.8628887 · Cited by 186
Cited by
Nanoparticle-Based Medicines: A Review of FDA-Approved Materials and Clinical Trials to Date
Bobo, D., Robinson, K. J., Islam, J., Thurecht, K. J., & Corrie, S. R. (2016) · Pharmaceutical Research · doi:10.1007/s11095-016-1958-5 · Cited by 2,586
Ulbrich, K., Holá, K., Šubr, V., Bakandritsos, A., Tuček, J., & Zbořil, R. (2016) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00589 · Cited by 1,730
Chemistry of MRI Contrast Agents: Current Challenges and New Frontiers
Wahsner, J., Gale, E. M., Rodríguez-Rodríguez, A., & Caravan, P. (2019) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00363 · Cited by 1,603
Iron oxide nanoparticles: Diagnostic, therapeutic and theranostic applications
Dadfar, S. M., Roemhild, K., Drude, N. I., von Stillfried, S., Knüchel, R., Kiessling, F., & Lammers, T. (2019) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2019.01.005 · Cited by 1,181
Challenges in Development of Nanoparticle-Based Therapeutics
Desai, N. (2012) · The AAPS Journal · doi:10.1208/s12248-012-9339-4 · Cited by 1,173
Metadata
- Authors
- Wáng, Y. X. J.
- Venue
- PubMed
- Publisher
- National Institutes of Health
- Published
- 2011-12-01
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 35-40
- OpenAlex
- W1867757591
- Cited by
- 613
- References
- 25
- FWCI
- 20.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Superparamagnetic iron oxide based MRI contrast agents: Current status of clinical application. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.3978/j.issn.2223-4292.2011.08.03
- The paper
- Wáng, Y. X. J. (2011). Superparamagnetic iron oxide based MRI contrast agents: Current status of clinical application. PubMed. https://doi.org/10.3978/j.issn.2223-4292.2011.08.03
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
