Response of Memory CD8+ T Cells to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Coronavirus in Recovered SARS Patients and Healthy Individuals
Abstract
To date, the pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in humans is still not well understood. SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-specific CTL responses, in particular their magnitude and duration of postinfection immunity, have not been extensively studied. In this study, we found that heat-inactivated SARS-CoV elicited recall CTL responses to newly identified spike protein-derived epitopes (SSp-1, S978, and S1202) in peripheral blood of all HLA-A*0201+ recovered SARS patients over 1 year postinfection. Intriguingly, heat-inactivated SARS-CoV elicited recall-like CTL responses to SSp-1 but not to S978, S1202, or dominant epitopes from several other human viruses in 5 of 36 (13.8%) HLA-A*0201+ healthy donors without any contact history with SARS-CoV. SSp-1-specific CTLs expanded from memory T cells of both recovered SARS patients, and the five exceptional healthy donors shared a differentiated effector CTL phenotype, CD45RA+CCR7−CD62L−, and expressed CCR5 and CD44. However, compared with the high avidity of SSp-1-specific CTLs derived from memory T cells of recovered SARS patients, SSp-1-specific CTLs from the five exceptional healthy donors were of low avidity, as determined by their rapid tetramer dissociation kinetics and reduced cytotoxic reactivity, IFN-γ secretion, and intracellular production of IFN-γ, TNF-α, perforin, and granzyme A. These results indicate that SARS-CoV infection induces strong and long-lasting CTL-mediated immunity in surviving SARS patients, and that cross-reactive memory T cells to SARS-CoV may exist in the T cell repertoire of a small subset of healthy individuals and can be reactivated by SARS-CoV infection.
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Following natural infection of humans with SARS-CoV, neutralizing antibody and memory B cell responses in some individuals are short lived (~3 years), whereas memory T cells persist for at least 6 years.
“Following natural infection of humans with the related SARS-CoV, neutralizing antibody and memory B cell responses in some individuals are reported to be short lived (~ 3 years), whereas memory T cells persist for at least 6 years (54–56)”
From An <i>Alphavirus</i> -derived replicon RNA vaccine induces SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody and T cell responses in mice and nonhuman primates (2020) · cites this paper as [56]
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- Authors
- Chen, H., Hou, J., Jiang, X., Ma, S., Meng, M., Wang, B., Zhang, M., Zhang, M., Tang, X., Zhang, F., Wan, T., Li, N., Yu, Y., Hu, H., Yang, R., He, W., Wang, X., & Cao, X.
- Affiliations
- Second Military Medical University (CN)
- Nanfang Hospital (CN)
- Zhejiang University (CN)
- Southern Medical University (CN)
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, First Military Medical University , Guangzhou ,
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital (CN)
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, No. 8 People’s Hospital , Guangzhou ,
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CN)
- Academy of Military Medical Sciences (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Chen, Huabiao
- Wang, Baomei
- Zhang, Minghui
- Wan, Tao
- Li, Nan
- Yu, Yizhi
- Cao, Xuetao
- ORCID
- Venue
- The Journal of Immunology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2005-07-01
- Volume
- 175
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 591-598
- ISSN
- 0022-1767 (ISSN-L)
- 1550-6606
- OpenAlex
- W1607296675
- Cited by
- 75
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2023: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 25 · 2018: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 5 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 1.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Immunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Keywords
- SARS coronavirus, memory CD8+ T cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, cross-reactive T cells, spike protein epitopes, HLA-A*0201, CTL cytotoxicity, T cell avidity, cytokine production
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Epitopes, Antigens, Viral, Cytotoxicity, Immunologic, Female, Humans, Immunologic Memory, Male, Membrane Glycoproteins, Middle Aged, T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic, Viral Envelope Proteins, Case-Control Studies, Cytokines, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus, In Vitro Techniques
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