Absence of IL-1 Receptor Antagonist Impaired Wound Healing along with Aberrant NF-κB Activation and a Reciprocal Suppression of TGF-β Signal Pathway
Abstract
Although enhanced expression of IL-1 family proteins, including IL-1α, IL-1β, and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) during wound healing has been observed, the pathophysiological roles of these factors, particularly IL-1ra, still remain elusive. We explored skin wound-healing processes in IL-1ra-deficient mice. Compared to wild-type (WT) mice, IL-1ra-deficient mice exhibited impaired wound healing, as evidenced by attenuated collagen deposition and delayed neovascularization. In contrast, neutrophil recruitment was significantly exaggerated, with the augmented expression of IL-1s, TNF-α, and CXC chemokines, MIP-2 and KC, in IL-1ra-deficient mice compared with WT mice. Because the transcription of these proinflammatory cytokines and CXC chemokines requires the activation of NF-κB, a major target of IL-1- and TNF-α-mediated signal pathway, we examined the activation states of NF-κB. Nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 was significantly enhanced and prolonged in IL-1ra-deficient mice, compared to that in WT mice. The cross-talk between NF-κB and TGF-β-mediated signals has been proposed based on in vitro observations. Indeed, compared to WT mice, the amounts of total and phosphorylated Smad2 and Smad3 were decreased with a reciprocal increase in the amount of Smad7 in skin wound sites of IL-1ra-deficient mice. Moreover, the gene expression of vascular endothelial growth factor, a target gene of TGF-β1, was decreased in IL-1ra-deficient mice. Thus, the absence of IL-1ra may suppress TGF-β-mediated signaling pathway, which is crucial for collagen deposition and vascular endothelial growth factor-mediated neovascularization in wound healing.
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Mice deficient in the endogenous antagonist of IL-1R (IL-1ra) exhibit impaired wound healing compared with wild-type mice, as evidenced by attenuated collagen deposition and delayed neovascularization.
“In contrast, mice deficient in the endogenous antagonist of IL-1R (IL-1ra) exhibit impaired wound healing compared with wild-type mice, as evidenced by attenuated collagen deposition and delayed neovascularization.56”
From The Innate Immune System in Acute and Chronic Wounds (2016) · cites this paper as [56]
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- Authors
- Ishida, Y., Kondo, T., Kimura, A., Matsushima, K., & Mukaida, N.
- Affiliations
- Wakayama Medical University (JP)
- The University of Tokyo (JP)
- Kanazawa University (JP)
- Venue
- The Journal of Immunology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2006-05-01
- Volume
- 176
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 5598-5606
- ISSN
- 0022-1767 (ISSN-L)
- 1550-6606
- OpenAlex
- W1537718629
- Cited by
- 168
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 14.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Immunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Wound Healing and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › NF-κB Signaling Pathways
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › TGF-β signaling in diseases
- Keywords
- interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, wound healing, NF-κB activation, TGF-beta signaling, vascular endothelial growth factor, neovascularization, collagen deposition, neutrophil recruitment, CXC chemokines, TNF-α, IL-1 family cytokines, skin wound healing
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Collagen, Gene Expression Regulation, Interleukin-1, Leukocytes, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Sialoglycoproteins, Skin, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Wound Healing, Signal Transduction, Transforming Growth Factor beta, NF-kappa B, Mice, Knockout, Chemokines, CXC, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A, Mice, Smad Proteins, Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein
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