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Cited by 89Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration MechanismsPhagocytosis and Immune RegulationNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research

Phagocytic Roles of Glial Cells in Healthy and Diseased Brains

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Jung, Yeon-Joo, Chung, Won-Suk·2018·Biomolecules & Therapeutics
DOI 10.4062/biomolther.2017.133PMC PMC6029679
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Abstract

Glial cells are receiving much attention since they have been recognized as important regulators of many aspects of brain function and disease. Recent evidence has revealed that two different glial cells, astrocytes and microglia, control synapse elimination under normal and pathological conditions via phagocytosis. Astrocytes use the MEGF10 and MERTK phagocytic pathways, and microglia use the classical complement pathway to recognize and eliminate unwanted synapses. Notably, glial phagocytosis also contributes to the clearance of disease-specific protein aggregates, such as β-amyloid, huntingtin, and α-synuclein. Here we reivew recent findings showing that glial cells are active regulators in brain functions through phagocytosis and that changes in glial phagocytosis contribute to the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative diseases. A better understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of glial phagocytosis in healthy and diseased brains will greatly improve our current approach in treating these diseases.

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  • The glia limitans layer between the peripheral nerves and brain, populated by astrocytes, constitutes a further immunological barrier against CNS infection.

    “The glia limitans layer between the peripheral nerves and brain, populated by astrocytes, constitutes a further immunological barrier against CNS infection32,33.”

    From Chlamydia pneumoniae can infect the central nervous system via the olfactory and trigeminal nerves and contributes to Alzheimer’s disease risk (2022) · cites this paper as [33]

    The Introduction discusses astrocytes and glial phagocytosis as an innate immune defense, but does not describe the glia limitans or an astrocyte-populated barrier against CNS infection. Searches for the glia limitans and for a barrier between peripheral nerves and the brain found no passage addressing that claim in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.74)

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Jung, Y.-J., & Chung, W.-S.
Affiliations
Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KR)
Corresponding author
Chung, Won-Suk
ORCID
Venue
Biomolecules & Therapeutics
Publisher
The Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
Published
2018-07-01
Volume
26
Issue
4
Pages
350-357
ISSN
  • 1976-9148 (ISSN-L)
  • 2005-4483
DOI
10.4062/biomolther.2017.133
PMC
PMC6029679
OpenAlex
W2782608736
Cited by
89
References
23
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 4
FWCI
1.17
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Biomolecules & Therapeutics (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF) (NRF-2016M3C7A1905391, NRF-2016R1C1B3006969)
  • Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning(MSIP)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Phagocytosis and Immune Regulation
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
Keywords
glial phagocytosis, astrocytes, microglia, synaptic pruning, MEGF10, MERTK, complement pathway, protein aggregate clearance, amyloid-beta, huntingtin, alpha-synuclein, neurodegenerative diseases

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