The amyloid cascade-inflammatory hypothesis of Alzheimer disease: implications for therapy

McGeer, Patrick L.; McGeer, Edith G.

doi:10.1007/s00401-013-1177-7

Cited by 467Alzheimer's disease research and treatmentsDementia and Cognitive Impairment ResearchNeuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms

The amyloid cascade-inflammatory hypothesis of Alzheimer disease: implications for therapy

McGeer, Patrick L., McGeer, Edith G.·2013·Acta Neuropathologica

DOI 10.1007/s00401-013-1177-7

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

The amyloid cascade hypothesis is widely accepted as the centerpiece of Alzheimer disease (AD) pathogenesis. It proposes that abnormal production of beta amyloid protein (Abeta) is the cause of AD and that the neurotoxicity is due to Abeta itself or its oligomeric forms. We suggest that this, in itself, cannot be the cause of AD because demonstrating such toxicity requires micromolar concentrations of these Abeta forms, while their levels in brain are a million times lower in the picomolar range. AD probably results from the inflammatory response induced by extracellular Abeta deposits, which later become enhanced by aggregates of tau. The inflammatory response, which is driven by activated microglia, increases over time as the disease progresses. Disease-modifying therapeutic attempts to date have failed and may continue to do so as long as the central role of inflammation is not taken into account. Multiple epidemiological and animal model studies show that NSAIDs, the most widely used antiinflammatory agents, have a substantial sparing effect on AD. These studies provide a proof of concept regarding the anti-inflammatory approach to disease modification. Biomarker studies have indicated that early intervention may be necessary. They have established that disease onset occurs more than a decade before it becomes clinically evident. By combining biomarker and pathological data, it is possible to define six phases of disease development, each separated by about 5 years. Phase one can be identified by decreases in Abeta in the CSF, phase 2 by increases of tau in the CSF plus clear evidence of Abeta brain deposits by PET scanning, phase 3 by slight decreases in brain metabolic rate by PET-FDG scanning, phase 4 by slight decreases in brain volume by MRI scanning plus minimal cognitive impairment, phase 5 by increased scanning abnormalities plus clinical diagnosis of AD, and phase 6 by advanced AD requiring institutional care. Utilization of antiinflammatory agents early in the disease process remains an overlooked therapeutic opportunity. Such agents, while not preventative, have the advantage of being able to inhibit the consequences of both Abeta and tau aggregation. Since there is more than a decade between disease onset and cognitive decline, a window of opportunity exists to introduce truly effective disease-modifying regimens. Taking advantage of this opportunity is the challenge for the future.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1007/s00401-013-1177-7

Cites

191 of 191 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Oxidative stress is a critical component of pathogenesis in AD.
“Also, oxidative stress is a critical component of pathogenesis in AD (3,4)”
From Effects of the combination of high-intensity interval training and Ecdysterone on learning and memory abilities, antioxidant enzyme activities, and neuronal population in an Amyloid-beta-induced rat model of Alzheimer’s disease (2022) · cites this paper as [3]

Neuropathological stageing of Alzheimer-related changes.
Braak, H., & Braak, E. (1991) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/bf00308809 · Cited by 16,123 · see citing works
Toward defining the preclinical stages of Alzheimer’s disease: Recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer’s Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer’s disease
Sperling, R. A., Aisen, P. S., Beckett, L. A., Bennett, D. A., Craft, S., Fagan, A. M., Iwatsubo, T., Jack, C. R., Kaye, J., Montine, T. J., et al. (2011) · Alzheimer's & Dementia · doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2011.03.003 · Cited by 7,155 · see citing works
Alzheimer's disease: Initial report of the purification and characterization of a novel cerebrovascular amyloid protein
Glenner, G. G., & Wong, C. W. (1984) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/s0006-291x(84)80190-4 · Cited by 5,404 · see citing works
Hypothetical model of dynamic biomarkers of the Alzheimer's pathological cascade
Jack, C. R., Knopman, D. S., Jagust, W. J., Shaw, L. M., Aisen, P. S., Weiner, M. W., Petersen, R. C., & Trojanowski, J. Q. (2010) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(09)70299-6 · Cited by 4,806 · see citing works
Segregation of a missense mutation in the amyloid precursor protein gene with familial Alzheimer's disease
Goate, A., Chartier-Harlin, M.-C., Mullan, M., Brown, J., Crawford, F., Fidani, L., Giuffra, L., Haynes, A., Irving, N., James, L., et al. (1991) · Nature · doi:10.1038/349704a0 · Cited by 4,659 · see citing works
Amyloid plaque core protein in Alzheimer disease and Down syndrome.
Masters, C. L., Simms, G., Weinman, N. A., Multhaup, G., McDonald, B. L., & Beyreuther, K. (1985) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.82.12.4245 · Cited by 4,431 · see citing works
Correlative Memory Deficits, Aβ Elevation, and Amyloid Plaques in Transgenic Mice
Hsiao, K., Chapman, P., Nilsen, S., Eckman, C., Harigaya, Y., Younkin, S., Yang, F., & Cole, G. (1996) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.274.5284.99 · Cited by 4,210 · see citing works
Cloning of a gene bearing missense mutations in early-onset familial Alzheimer's disease
Sherrington, R., Rogaev, E. I., Liang, Y., Rogaeva, E. A., Levesque, G., Ikeda, M., Chi, H., Lin, C., Li, G., Holman, K., et al. (1995) · Nature · doi:10.1038/375754a0 · Cited by 4,051 · see citing works
β-Secretase Cleavage of Alzheimer's Amyloid Precursor Protein by the Transmembrane Aspartic Protease BACE
Vassar, R., Bennett, B. D., Babu-Khan, S., Kahn, S., Mendiaz, E. A., Denis, P., Teplow, D. B., Ross, S., Amarante, P., Loeloff, R., et al. (1999) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.286.5440.735 · Cited by 3,876 · see citing works
Clinical and biomarker changes in dominantly inherited Alzheimer's disease
Bateman, R. J., Xiong, C., Benzinger, T. L. S., Fagan, A. M., Goate, A., Fox, N. C., Marcus, D. S., Cairns, N. J., Xie, X., Blazey, T. M., et al. (2012) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1202753 · Cited by 3,814 · see citing works
Abnormal phosphorylation of the microtubule-associated protein tau (tau) in Alzheimer cytoskeletal pathology.
Grundke-Iqbal, I., Iqbal, K., Tung, Y. C., Quinlan, M., Wisniewski, H. M., & Binder, L. I. (1986) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.83.13.4913 · Cited by 3,676 · see citing works
2013 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures
Thies, W. H., & Bleiler, L. (2013) · Alzheimer s & Dementia · doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2013.02.003 · Cited by 3,331 · see citing works
Genome-wide association study identifies variants at CLU and PICALM associated with Alzheimer's disease
Harold, D., Abraham, R., Hollingworth, P., Sims, R., Gerrish, A., Hamshere, M. L., Pahwa, J. S., Moskvina, V., Dowzell, K., Williams, A., et al. (2009) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng.440 · Cited by 3,326 · see citing works
Immunization with amyloid-β attenuates Alzheimer-disease-like pathology in the PDAPP mouse
Schenk, D., Barbour, R., Dunn, W., Gordon, G., Grajeda, H., Guido, T., Hu, K., Huang, J., Johnson-Wood, K., Khan, K., et al. (1999) · Nature · doi:10.1038/22124 · Cited by 3,160 · see citing works
TREM2 Variants in Alzheimer's Disease
Guerreiro, R., Wojtas, A., Bras, J., Carrasquillo, M., Rogaeva, E., Majounie, E., Cruchaga, C., Sassi, C., Kauwe, J. S. K., Younkin, S., et al. (2013) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1211851 · Cited by 3,020 · see citing works
The molecular pathology of Alzheimer's disease
Selkoe, D. J. (1991) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/0896-6273(91)90052-2 · Cited by 2,708 · see citing works
Candidate gene for the chromosome 1 familial Alzheimer’s disease locus
Levy-Lahad, E., Wasco, W., Poorkaj, P., Romano, D. M., Oshima, J., Pettingell, W. H., Yu, C.-E., Jondro, P. D., Schmidt, S. D., Wang, K., et al. (1995) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7638622 · Cited by 2,577 · see citing works
Variant of TREM2 Associated with the Risk of Alzheimer's Disease
Jonsson, T., Stefansson, H., Steinberg, S., Jonsdottir, I., Jonsson, P. V., Snaedal, J., Bjornsson, S., Huttenlocher, J., Levey, A. I., Lah, J. J., et al. (2013) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1211103 · Cited by 2,558 · see citing works
Amyloid deposition as the central event in the aetiology of Alzheimer’s disease
Hardy, J., & Allsop, D. (1991) · Trends in Pharmacological Sciences · doi:10.1016/0165-6147(91)90609-v · Cited by 2,538 · see citing works
Alzheimer-type neuropathology in transgenic mice overexpressing V717F β-amyloid precursor protein
Games, D., Adams, D., Alessandrini, R., Barbour, R., Borthelette, P., Blackwell, C., Carr, T., Clemens, J., Donaldson, T., Gillespie, F., et al. (1995) · Nature · doi:10.1038/373523a0 · Cited by 2,516 · see citing works
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy in athletes: Progressive tauopathy after repetitive head injury
McKee, A. C., Cantu, R. C., Nowinski, C. J., Hedley-Whyte, E. T., Gavett, B. E., Budson, A. E., Santini, V. E., Lee, H.-S., Kubilus, C. A., & Stern, R. A. (2009) · Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1097/nen.0b013e3181a9d503 · Cited by 2,295 · see citing works
Amyloid β deposition, neurodegeneration, and cognitive decline in sporadic Alzheimer's disease: a prospective cohort study
Villemagne, V. L., Burnham, S., Bourgeat, P., Brown, B., Ellis, K. A., Salvado, O., Szoeke, C., Macaulay, S. L., Martins, R., Maruff, P., et al. (2013) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(13)70044-9 · Cited by 2,279 · see citing works
The spectrum of disease in chronic traumatic encephalopathy
McKee, A. C., Stein, T. D., Nowinski, C. J., Stern, R. A., Daneshvar, D. H., Alvarez, V. E., Lee, H.-S., Hall, G., Wojtowicz, S. M., Baugh, C. M., et al. (2013) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/aws307 · Cited by 2,098 · see citing works
Cerebrospinal fluid biomarker signature in Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative subjects
Shaw, L. M., Vanderstichele, H., Knapik‐Czajka, M., Clark, C. M., Aisen, P. S., Petersen, R. C., Blennow, K., Soares, H., Simon, A., Lewczuk, P., et al. (2009) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.21610 · Cited by 2,065 · see citing works
Brain interleukin 1 and S-100 immunoreactivity are elevated in Down syndrome and Alzheimer disease.
Griffin, W. S., Stanley, L. C., Ling, C., White, L., MacLeod, V, Perrot, L. J., White, C. L., & Araoz, C. (1989) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.86.19.7611 · Cited by 1,777 · see citing works
Alzheimer's disease and Down's syndrome: Sharing of a unique cerebrovascular amyloid fibril protein
Glenner, G. G., & Wong, C. W. (1984) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/0006-291x(84)91209-9 · Cited by 1,693 · see citing works
Aβ peptide vaccination prevents memory loss in an animal model of Alzheimer's disease
Morgan, D., Diamond, D. M., Gottschall, P. E., Ugen, K. E., Dickey, C. A., Hardy, J., Duff, K., Jantzen, P. T., DiCarlo, G., Wilcock, D. M., et al. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35050116 · Cited by 1,488 · see citing works
Microtubule-associated protein tau (tau) is a major antigenic component of paired helical filaments in Alzheimer disease.
Kosik, K. S., Joachim, C. L., & Selkoe, D. J. (1986) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.83.11.4044 · Cited by 1,462 · see citing works
An english translation of alzheimer’s 1907 paper, “über eine eigenartige erkankung der hirnrinde”
Stelzmann, R. A., Norman Schnitzlein, H., & Reed Murtagh, F. (1995) · Clinical Anatomy · doi:10.1002/ca.980080612 · Cited by 1,455 · see citing works
Aβ peptide immunization reduces behavioural impairment and plaques in a model of Alzheimer's disease
Janus, C., Pearson, J., McLaurin, J., Mathews, P. M., Jiang, Y., Schmidt, S. D., Chishti, M. A., Horne, P., Heslin, D., French, J., et al. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35050110 · Cited by 1,431 · see citing works
Alzheimer’s Disease: The Challenge of the Second Century
Holtzman, D. M., Morris, J. C., & Goate, A. M. (2011) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.3002369 · Cited by 1,424 · see citing works
Long-term effects of Aβ42 immunisation in Alzheimer's disease: follow-up of a randomised, placebo-controlled phase I trial
Holmes, C., Boche, D., Wilkinson, D., Yadegarfar, G., Hopkins, V., Bayer, A., Jones, R. W., Bullock, R., Love, S., Neal, J. W., et al. (2008) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(08)61075-2 · Cited by 1,416 · see citing works
Neuropathology of human Alzheimer disease after immunization with amyloid-β peptide: a case report
Nicoll, J. A. R., Wilkinson, D., Holmes, C., Steart, P., Markham, H., & Weller, R. O. (2003) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm840 · Cited by 1,397 · see citing works
A subset of NSAIDs lower amyloidogenic Aβ42 independently of cyclooxygenase activity
Weggen, S., Eriksen, J. L., Das, P., Sagi, S. A., Wang, R., Pietrzik, C. U., Findlay, K. A., Smith, T. E., Murphy, M. P., Bulter, T., et al. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35102591 · Cited by 1,388 · see citing works
Mutation of the Alzheimer's Disease Amyloid Gene in Hereditary Cerebral Hemorrhage, Dutch Type
Levy, E., Carman, M. D., Fernandez-Madrid, I. J., Power, M. D., Lieberburg, I. M., van Duinen, S. G., Bots, G. T. A. M., Luyendijk, W., & Frangione, B. (1990) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.2111584 · Cited by 1,380 · see citing works
Subacute meningoencephalitis in a subset of patients with AD after Aβ42 immunization
Orgogozo, J.-M., Gilman, S., Dartigues, J.-F., Laurent, B., Puel, M., Kirby, L. C., Jouanny, P., Dubois, B., Eisner, L., Flitman, S., et al. (2003) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000073623.84147.a8 · Cited by 1,356 · see citing works
Characterization and Chromosomal Localization of a cDNA Encoding Brain Amyloid of Alzheimer's Disease
Goldgaber, D., Lerman, M. I., McBride, O. W., Saffiotti, U., & Gajdusek, D. C. (1987) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.3810169 · Cited by 1,333 · see citing works
Beta-amyloid neurotoxicity requires fibril formation and is inhibited by congo red.
Lorenzo, A., & Yankner, B. A. (1994) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.91.25.12243 · Cited by 1,324 · see citing works
The prevalence of dementia: A quantitative integration of the literature
Jorm, A. F., Korten, A. E., & Henderson, A. S. (1987) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1987.tb02906.x · Cited by 1,301 · see citing works
Peripheral anti-Aβ antibody alters CNS and plasma Aβ clearance and decreases brain Aβ burden in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease
DeMattos, R. B., Bales, K. R., Cummins, D. J., Dodart, J.-C., Paul, S. M., & Holtzman, D. M. (2001) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.151261398 · Cited by 1,298 · see citing works
Risk Factors for Alzheimer's Disease: A Prospective Analysis from the Canadian Study of Health and Aging
Lindsay, J. (2002) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwf074 · Cited by 1,261 · see citing works
A Phase 3 Trial of Semagacestat for Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease
Doody, R. S., Raman, R., Farlow, M., Iwatsubo, T., Vellas, B., Joffe, S., Kieburtz, K., He, F., Sun, X., Thomas, R. G., et al. (2013) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1210951 · Cited by 1,224 · see citing works
Alzheimer’s disease: Clinical trials and drug development
Mangialasche, F., Solomon, A., Winblad, B., Mecocci, P., & Kivipelto, M. (2010) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(10)70119-8 · Cited by 1,217 · see citing works
Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs and the Risk of Alzheimer's Disease
in 't Veld, B. A., Ruitenberg, A., Hofman, A., Launer, L. J., van Duijn, C. M., Stijnen, T., Breteler, M. M. B., & Stricker, B. H. C. (2001) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa010178 · Cited by 1,196 · see citing works
Cloning and sequencing of the cDNA encoding a core protein of the paired helical filament of Alzheimer disease: identification as the microtubule-associated protein tau
Goedert, M., Wischik, C. M., Crowther, R. A., Walker, J. E., & Klug, A. (1988) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.85.11.4051 · Cited by 1,134 · see citing works
Tau pathology and neurodegeneration
Spillantini, M. G., & Goedert, M. (2013) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(13)70090-5 · Cited by 1,133 · see citing works
Risk of Alzheimer's disease and duration of NSAID use
Stewart, W. F., Kawas, C., Corrada, M., & Metter, E. J. (1997) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.48.3.626 · Cited by 1,132 · see citing works
Dietary Intake of Antioxidants and Risk of Alzheimer Disease
Engelhart, M. J. (2002) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.287.24.3223 · Cited by 1,080 · see citing works
Clinical trial of indomethacin in Alzheimer's disease
Rogers, J., Kirby, L., Hempelman, S. R., Berry, D. A., McGeer, P. L., Kaszniak, A. W., Zalinski, J., Cofield, M., Mansukhani, L., Willson, P., et al. (1993) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.43.8.1609 · Cited by 991 · see citing works
Self-citation
Neurotoxicity of a Fragment of the Amyloid Precursor Associated with Alzheimer's Disease
Yankner, B. A., Dawes, L. R., Fisher, S., Villa-Komaroff, L., Oster-Granite, M. L., & Neve, R. L. (1989) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.2474201 · Cited by 907 · see citing works
Ibuprofen Suppresses Plaque Pathology and Inflammation in a Mouse Model for Alzheimer's Disease
Lim, G. P., Yang, F., Chu, T., Chen, P., Beech, W. K., Teter, B., Tran, T., Ubeda, O. J., Ashe, K. H., Frautschy, S. A., et al. (2000) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.20-15-05709.2000 · Cited by 876 · see citing works
Identification of the major Aβ1–42-degrading catabolic pathway in brain parenchyma: Suppression leads to biochemical and pathological deposition
Iwata, N., Tsubuki, S., Takaki, Y., Watanabe, K., Sekiguchi, M., Hosoki, E., Kawashima-Morishima, M., Lee, H.-J., Hama, E., Sekine-Aizawa, Y., et al. (2000) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/72237 · Cited by 867 · see citing works
Complement activation by beta-amyloid in Alzheimer disease.
Rogers, J., Cooper, N. R., Webster, S., Schultz, J., McGeer, P. L., Styren, S. D., Civin, W. H., Brachova, L., Bradt, B., & Ward, P. (1992) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.89.21.10016 · Cited by 817 · see citing works
Self-citation
Structure–neurotoxicity relationships of amyloid β-protein oligomers
Ono, K., Condron, M. M., & Teplow, D. B. (2009) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0905127106 · Cited by 774 · see citing works
Structure of the Protease Domain of Memapsin 2 (β-Secretase) Complexed with Inhibitor
Lin, H., Koelsch, G., Lin, X., Wu, S., Terzyan, S. S., Ghosh, A. K., Zhang, X. C., & Tang, J. (2000) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.290.5489.150 · Cited by 711 · see citing works
Cerebrospinal Fluid Levels ofβ-Amyloid 1-42, but Not of Tau, Are Fully Changed Already 5 to 10 Years Before the Onset of Alzheimer Dementia
Buchhave, P. (2012) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.155 · Cited by 664 · see citing works
The Prevalence and Malignancy of Alzheimer Disease
Katzman, R. (1976) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.1976.00500040001001 · Cited by 623 · see citing works
Prevalence and prognostic value of CSF markers of Alzheimer's disease pathology in patients with subjective cognitive impairment or mild cognitive impairment in the DESCRIPA study: a prospective cohort study
Visser, P. J., Verhey, F., Knol, D. L., Scheltens, P., Wahlund, L.-O., Freund-Levi, Y., Tsolaki, M., Minthon, L., Wallin, Å. K., Hampel, H., et al. (2009) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(09)70139-5 · Cited by 614 · see citing works
Epigenetic Modification of the FMR1 Gene in Fragile X Syndrome Is Associated with Differential Response to the mGluR5 Antagonist AFQ056
Jacquemont, S., Curie, A., des Portes, V., Torrioli, M. G., Berry-Kravis, E., Hagerman, R. J., Ramos, F. J., Cornish, K., He, Y., Paulding, C., et al. (2011) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.3001708 · Cited by 609 · see citing works
COX-2, a synaptically induced enzyme, is expressed by excitatory neurons at postsynaptic sites in rat cerebral cortex.
Kaufmann, W. E., Worley, P. F., Pegg, J. A., Bremer, M., & Isakson, P. C. (1996) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.93.6.2317 · Cited by 593 · see citing works
Inverse association of anti‐inflammatory treatments and Alzheimer's disease
Breitner, J. C. S., Gau, B. A., Welsh-Bohmer, K. A., Plassman, B. L., McDonald, W. M., Helms, M. J., & Anthony, J. C. (1994) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.44.2.227 · Cited by 569 · see citing works
Acute treatment with the PPARγ agonist pioglitazone and ibuprofen reduces glial inflammation and Aβ1–42 levels in APPV717I transgenic mice
Heneka, M. T., Sastre, M., Dumitrescu-Ozimek, L., Hanke, A., Dewachter, I., Kuiperi, C., O'Banion, K., Klockgether, T., Van Leuven, F., & Landreth, G. E. (2005) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awh452 · Cited by 565 · see citing works
Risk of myocardial infarction in patients taking cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors or conventional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: population based nested case-control analysis
Hippisley‐Cox, J., & Coupland, C. A. C. (2005) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.330.7504.1366 · Cited by 556 · see citing works
Protective effects of NSAIDs on the development of Alzheimer disease
Vlad, S. C., Miller, D. R., Kowall, N. W., & Felson, D. T. (2008) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000311269.57716.63 · Cited by 535 · see citing works
Phosphorylated Tau Protein Is Integrated into Paired Helical Filaments in Alzheimer's Disease1
Ihara, Y., Nukina, N., Miura, R., & OGAWARA, M. (1986) · The Journal of Biochemistry · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a135662 · Cited by 527 · see citing works
Mediterranean Diet, Cognitive Function, and Dementia: A Systematic Review
Lourida, I., Soni, M., Thompson-Coon, J., Purandare, N., Lang, I. A., Ukoumunne, O. C., & Llewellyn, D. J. (2013) · Epidemiology · doi:10.1097/ede.0b013e3182944410 · Cited by 521 · see citing works
Prevalence and Malignancy of Alzheimer Disease
Lijtmaer, H., Fuld, P. A., & Katzman, R. (1976) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.1976.00500040088017 · Cited by 517 · see citing works
Different Conformations of Amyloid β Induce Neurotoxicity by Distinct Mechanisms in Human Cortical Neurons
Deshpande, A. M., Mina, E. W., Glabe, C. G., & Busciglio, J. A. (2006) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1189-06.2006 · Cited by 490 · see citing works
Amyloid β Protein Precursor Gene and Hereditary Cerebral Hemorrhage with Amyloidosis (Dutch)
Broeckhoven, C. V., Haan, J., Bakker, E., Hardy, J., Hul, W. V., Wehnert, A., der Vlis, M. V.-V., & Roos, R. A. C. (1990) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1971458 · Cited by 471 · see citing works
Anti-Inflammatory Drug Therapy Alters β-Amyloid Processing and Deposition in an Animal Model of Alzheimer's Disease
Yan, Q., Zhang, J., Liu, H., Babu-Khan, S., Vassar, R., Biere, A. L., Citron, M., & Landreth, G. (2003) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.23-20-07504.2003 · Cited by 469 · see citing works
Delayed onset of Alzheimer's disease with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory and histamine H2 blocking drugs
Breitner, J. C. S. (1995) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/0197-4580(95)00049-k · Cited by 466 · see citing works
Immune System Response in Alzheimer's Disease
McGeer, P. L., Akiyama, H., Itagaki, S., & McGeer, E. G. (1989) · Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques · doi:10.1017/s0317167100029863 · Cited by 460 · see citing works
Self-citation
Immunoglobulins and complement factors in senile plaques: An immunoperoxidase study
Eikelenboom, P., & Stam, F. C. (1982) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/bf00685397 · Cited by 454 · see citing works
Prominent neurodegeneration and increased plaque formation in complement-inhibited Alzheimer's mice
Wyss-Coray, T., Yan, F., Lin, A. H.-T., Lambris, J. D., Alexander, J. J., Quigg, R. J., & Masliah, E. (2002) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.162350199 · Cited by 446 · see citing works
Anti-inflammatory drugs and Alzheimer disease
McGeer, P. L., McGeer, E. G., Rogers, J., & Sibley, J. T. (1990) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/0140-6736(90)91101-f · Cited by 437 · see citing works
Self-citation
Vitamin D, cognition, and dementia
Balion, C. M., Griffith, L. E., Strifler, L., Henderson, M., Patterson, C., Heckman, G. A., Llewellyn, D. J., & Raina, P. (2012) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e31826c197f · Cited by 431 · see citing works
Abnormal phosphorylation of the microtubule-associated protein? (tau) in Alzheimer cytoskeletal pathology
Grundke, I., Iqbal, K., Tung, Y.-C., Quinlan, M., Wisniewski, H., & Binder, L. (1987) · Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders · doi:10.1097/00002093-198701030-00020 · Cited by 410 · see citing works
A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of diclofenac/misoprostol in Alzheimer’s disease
Scharf, S., Mander, A. G., Ugoni, A., Vajda, F. J. E., & Christophidis, N. (1999) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.53.1.197 · Cited by 385 · see citing works
Activation of the classical complement pathway in brain tissue of Alzheimer patients
McGeer, P. L., Akiyama, H., Itagaki, S., & McGeer, E. G. (1989) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/0304-3940(89)90843-4 · Cited by 383 · see citing works
Self-citation
Rofecoxib
Reines, S. A., Block, G. A., Morris, J. C., Liu, G., Nessly, M. L., Lines, C. R., Norman, B., & Baranak, C. C. (2004) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.62.1.66 · Cited by 378 · see citing works
Safety and Tolerability of the γ-Secretase Inhibitor Avagacestat in a Phase 2 Study of Mild to Moderate Alzheimer Disease
Coric, V., van Dyck, C. H., Salloway, S., Andreasen, N., Brody, M., RICHTER, R. W., Soininen, H. S., Thein, S., Shiovitz, T. M., Pilcher, G. D., et al. (2012) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneurol.2012.2194 · Cited by 374 · see citing works
Does caffeine intake protect from Alzheimer's disease?
Maia, L., & de Mendonça, A. (2002) · European Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1046/j.1468-1331.2002.00421.x · Cited by 357 · see citing works
Naproxen and celecoxib do not prevent AD in early results from a randomized controlled trial
ADAPT Research Group (2007) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000260269.93245.d2 · Cited by 354 · see citing works
Apoptosis mediated neurotoxicity induced by chronic application of β amyloid fragment 25–35
Forloni, G., Chiesa, R., Smiroldo, S., Verga, L., Salmona, M., Tagliavini, F., & Angeretti, N. (1993) · Neuroreport · doi:10.1097/00001756-199305000-00015 · Cited by 341 · see citing works
Microglial Activation and β-Amyloid Deposit Reduction Caused by a Nitric Oxide-Releasing Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug in Amyloid Precursor Protein Plus Presenilin-1 Transgenic Mice
Jantzen, P. T., Connor, K. E., DiCarlo, G., Wenk, G. L., Wallace, J. L., Rojiani, A. M., Coppola, D., Morgan, D., & Gordon, M. N. (2002) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.22-06-02246.2002 · Cited by 337 · see citing works
Reduced incidence of AD with NSAID but not H2receptor antagonists
Zandi, P. P., Anthony, J. C., Hayden, K. M., Mehta, K. M., Mayer, L. S., & Breitner, J. C. S. (2002) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.59.6.880 · Cited by 314 · see citing works
Caffeine Reverses Cognitive Impairment and Decreases Brain Amyloid-β Levels in Aged Alzheimer's Disease Mice
Arendash, G. W., Mori, T., Cao, C., Mamcarz, M., Runfeldt, M., Dickson, A., Rezai-Zadeh, K., Tan, J., Citron, B. A., Lin, X., et al. (2009) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-2009-1087 · Cited by 308 · see citing works
Fat Intake at Midlife and Risk of Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Population-Based Study
Laitinen, M. H., Ngandu, T., Rovio, S., Helkala, E.-L., Uusitalo, U. M., Viitanen, M. H., Nissinen, A. M., Tuomilehto, J., Soininen, H. S., & Kivipelto, M. (2006) · Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders · doi:10.1159/000093478 · Cited by 298 · see citing works
The Canadian Study of Health and Aging *
Aging, T. C. S. O. H. A. (1994) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.44.11.2073 · Cited by 298 · see citing works
Tramiprosate in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease — a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-centre study (the Alphase Study)
Aisen, P. S., Gauthier, S., Ferris, S. H., Saumier, D., Haine, D., Garceau, D., Duong, A., Suhy, J., Oh, J., Lau, W. C., et al. (2011) · Archives of Medical Science · doi:10.5114/aoms.2011.20612 · Cited by 295 · see citing works
Amyloid-β Dynamics Correlate with Neurological Status in the Injured Human Brain
Brody, D. L., Magnoni, S., Schwetye, K. E., Spinner, M. L., Esparza, T. J., Stocchetti, N., Zipfel, G. J., & Holtzman, D. M. (2008) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1161591 · Cited by 295 · see citing works
A decade of modeling Alzheimer's disease in transgenic mice
MCGOWAN, E., ERIKSEN, J., & HUTTON, M. (2006) · Trends in Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.tig.2006.03.007 · Cited by 287 · see citing works
Diverse compounds mimic Alzheimer disease–causing mutations by augmenting Aβ42 production
Kukar, T. L., Murphy, M. P., Eriksen, J. L., Sagi, S. A., Weggen, S., Smith, T. E., Ladd, T. B., Khan, M. A., Kache, R., Beard, J. D., et al. (2005) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm1235 · Cited by 284 · see citing works
Developing β‐secretase inhibitors for treatment of Alzheimer’s disease
Ghosh, A. K., Brindisi, M., & Tang, J. (2011) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2011.07476.x · Cited by 272 · see citing works
CHROMOSOME 21q21 SUBLOCALISATION OF GENE ENCODING BETA-AMYLOID PEPTIDE IN CEREBRAL VESSELS AND NEURITIC (SENILE) PLAQUES OF PEOPLE WITH ALZHEIMER DISEASE AND DOWN SYNDROME
Robakis, N., Wisniewski, H., Jenkins, E. C., Devine-Gage, E. A., Houck, G. E., Yao, X., Ramakrishna, N., Wolfe, G. C., Silverman, W., & Brown, W. T. (1987) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(87)91754-5 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Caffeine as a Protective Factor in Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease
Eskelinen, M. H., & Kivipelto, M. (2010) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-2010-1404 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Comparative Analysis of Amyloid-β Chemical Structure and Amyloid Plaque Morphology of Transgenic Mouse and Alzheimer's Disease Brains*
Kuo, Y.-M., Kokjohn, T., Beach, T., Sue, L., Brune, D., Lopez, J., Kalback, W., Abramowski, D., C. Sturchler-Pierrat, Staufenbiel, M., et al. (2001) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m007859200 · Cited by 259 · see citing works
A phase 2 randomized trial of ELND005, scyllo-inositol, in mild to moderate Alzheimer disease
Salloway, S., Sperling, R., Keren, R., Porsteinsson, A. P., van Dyck, C. H., Tariot, P. N., Gilman, S., Arnold, D., Abushakra, S., Hernandez, C., et al. (2011) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e3182309fa5 · Cited by 258 · see citing works
Molecular and Cellular Characterization of the Membrane Attack Complex, C5b-9, in Alzheimer’s Disease
Webster, S. D., Lue, L., Brachova, L., Tenner, A. J., McGeer, P. L., Terai, K., Walker, D. G., Bradt, B. M., Cooper, N. R., & Rogers, J. (1997) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/s0197-4580(97)00042-0 · Cited by 258 · see citing works
Self-citation
A classification of NSAIDs according to the relative inhibition of cyclooxygenase isoenzymes
Frölich, J. C. (1997) · Trends in Pharmacological Sciences · doi:10.1016/s0165-6147(96)01017-6 · Cited by 243 · see citing works
CSF biomarkers for Alzheimer disease correlate with cortical brain biopsy findings
Seppälä, T. T., Nerg, O., Koivisto, A. M., Rummukainen, J., Puli, L., Zetterberg, H., Pyykkö, O. T., Helisalmi, S., Alafuzoff, I., Hiltunen, M., et al. (2012) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e3182563bd0 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Effect of Immunotherapy With Bapineuzumab on Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarker Levels in Patients With Mild to Moderate Alzheimer Disease
Zetterberg, H. (2012) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneurol.2012.90 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Relationship between beta amyloid peptide generating molecules and neprilysin in Alzheimer disease and normal brain
Yasojima, K., McGeer, E. G., & McGeer, P. L. (2001) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(01)03008-6 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
Self-citation
Ibuprofen effects on Alzheimer pathology and open field activity in APPsw transgenic mice
Lim, G. (2001) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/s0197-4580(01)00299-8 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
Reduced prevalence of AD in users of NSAIDs and H2 receptor antagonists
Anthony, J. C., Breitner, J., Zandi, P., Meyer, M., Jurasová, I., Norton, M., & Stone, S. (2000) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.54.11.2066 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
Metabolism of amyloid-β peptide and Alzheimer's disease
Iwata, N., Higuchi, M., & Saido, T. C. (2005) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2005.03.010 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
A Specific Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Measuring β-Amyloid Protein Oligomers in Human Plasma and Brain Tissue of Patients With Alzheimer Disease
Xia, W., Yang, T., Shankar, G. M., Smith, I. M., Shen, Y., Walsh, D. M., & Selkoe, D. J. (2009) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneurol.2008.565 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Selective neuronal degeneration induced by soluble oligomeric amyloid beta‐protein
Kim, H., Chae, S., Lee, D., Chromy, B. A., Lee, S. C., Park, Y., Klein, W. L., Krafft, G. A., & Hong, S. (2002) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.01-0987fje · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Ibuprofen reduces Aβ, hyperphosphorylated tau and memory deficits in Alzheimer mice
McKee, A. C., Carreras, I., Hossain, L., Ryu, H., Klein, W. L., Oddo, S., LaFerla, F. M., Jenkins, B. G., Kowall, N. W., & Dedeoglu, A. (2008) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2008.01.095 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Saliva levels of Abeta1-42 as potential biomarker of Alzheimer's disease: a pilot study
Bermejo‐Pareja, F., Antequera, D., Vargas, T., Molina, J. A., & Carro, E. (2010) · BMC Neurology · doi:10.1186/1471-2377-10-108 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Neprilysin: An Enzyme Candidate to Slow the Progression of Alzheimer's Disease
El‐Amouri, S. S., Zhu, H., Yu, J., Marr, R. A., Verma, I. M., & Kindy, M. S. (2008) · American Journal Of Pathology · doi:10.2353/ajpath.2008.070620 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
Prediction of dementia in MCI patients based on core diagnostic markers for Alzheimer disease
Prestia, A., Caroli, A., van der Flier, W. M., Ossenkoppele, R., Van Berckel, B., Barkhof, F., Teunissen, C. E., Wall, A. E., Carter, S. F., Schöll, M., et al. (2013) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e3182872830 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Are amyloid‐degrading enzymes viable therapeutic targets in Alzheimer’s disease?
Nalivaeva, N., Beckett, C. S., Belyaev, N. D., & Turner, A. J. (2012) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2011.07510.x · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Events in the Randomized, Controlled Alzheimer's Disease Anti-Inflammatory Prevention Trial (ADAPT)
ADAPT Research Group (2006) · PLoS Clinical Trials · doi:10.1371/journal.pctr.0010033 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Randomized pilot study of nimesulide treatment in Alzheimer’s disease
Aisen, P. S. S., Schmeidler, J., & Pasinetti, G. M. (2002) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.58.7.1050 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Amyloid β-peptide and amyloid pathology are central to the oxidative stress and inflammatory cascades under which Alzheimer's disease brain exists
Butterfield, D. A., Griffin, S. T., Münch, G. W., & Pasinetti, G. M. (2002) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-2002-4309 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Dietary Intakes of Vitamin E, Vitamin C, and β-Carotene and Risk of Alzheimer's Disease: A Meta-Analysis
Li, F.-J., Shen, L., & Ji, H. (2012) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-2012-120349 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
A randomized controlled study on effects of ibuprofen on cognitive progression of Alzheimer’s disease
Pasqualetti, P., Bonomini, C., Dal Forno, G., Paulon, L., Sinforiani, E., Marra, C., Zanetti, O., & Maria Rossini, P. (2009) · Aging Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1007/bf03325217 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Development of semagacestat (LY450139), a functional γ-secretase inhibitor, for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease
Henley, D. B., May, P. C., Dean, R. A., & Siemers, E. (2009) · Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1517/14656560903044982 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Anti-inflammatory Drugs Protect Against Alzheimer Disease at Low Doses
Broe, G. A., Grayson, D. A., Creasey, H. M., Waite, L. M., Casey, B. J., Bennett, H. P., Brooks, W. S., & Halliday, G. M. (2000) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.57.11.1586 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Assembly, Trafficking and Function of γ-Secretase
Kaether, C., Haass, C., & Steiner, H. (2006) · Neurodegenerative Diseases · doi:10.1159/000095267 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Modulation of Nuclear Factor-κB Activity by Indomethacin Influences Aβ Levels but Not Aβ Precursor Protein Metabolism in a Model of Alzheimer's Disease
Sung, S., Yang, H., Uryu, K., Lee, E. B., Zhao, L., Shineman, D. W., Trojanowski, J. Q., Lee, V. M. ‐., & Praticò, D. (2004) · American Journal Of Pathology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9440(10)63269-5 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Reduced effectiveness of Aβ1-42 immunization in APP transgenic mice with significant amyloid deposition
Das, P., Murphy, M. P., Younkin, L. H., Younkin, S. G., & Golde, T. E. (2001) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/s0197-4580(01)00245-7 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
APP Transgenic Mice Tg2576 Accumulate Aβ Peptides That Are Distinct from the Chemically Modified and Insoluble Peptides Deposited in Alzheimer's Disease Senile Plaques
Kalback, W. M., Watson, M. D., Kokjohn, T. A., Kuo, Y., Weiss, N., Luehrs, D. C., Lopez, J. C., Brune, D. C., Sisodia, S. S., Staufenbiel, M., et al. (2001) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi015685+ · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Amyloid‐beta plaque growth in cognitively normal adults: Longitudinal [11C]Pittsburgh compound B data
Vlassenko, A. G., Mintun, M. A., Xiong, C., Sheline, Y. I., Goate, A., Benzinger, T. L. S., & Morris, J. C. (2011) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.22608 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Morphology and distribution of plaque and related deposits in the brains of Alzheimer's disease and control cases. An immunohistochemical study using amyloid beta-protein antibody.
Ikeda, S., Allsop, D., & Glenner, G. G. (1989) · PubMed · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Intraneuronal tau aggregation precedes diffuse plaque deposition, but amyloid-β changes occur before increases of tau in cerebrospinal fluid
Braak, H., Zetterberg, H., Tredici, K. D., & Blennow, K. (2013) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-013-1139-0 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Celecoxib in Alzheimer’s Disease
Soininen, H. S., West, C. R., Robbins, J. L., & Niculescu, L. (2006) · Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders · doi:10.1159/000096588 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Selective inhibition of Aβ42 production by NSAID R‐enantiomers
Morihara, T., Chu, T., Ubeda, O. J., Beech, W. K., & Cole, G. M. (2002) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.01195.x · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Complement C3 and C4 expression in C1q sufficient and deficient mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease
Zhou, J., Fonseca, M. I., Pisalyaput, K., & Tenner, A. J. (2008) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05558.x · Cited by 137 · see citing works
The amyloid cascade hypothesis
Korczyn, A. D. (2008) · Alzheimer s & Dementia · doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2007.11.008 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Plasma amyloid beta measurements - a desired but elusive Alzheimer's disease biomarker
Toledo, J. B., Shaw, L. M. J., & Trojanowski, J. Q. (2013) · Alzheimer s Research & Therapy · doi:10.1186/alzrt162 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Coffee Intake in Midlife and Risk of Dementia and its Neuropathologic Correlates
Gelber, R. P., Petrovitch, H., Masaki, K. H., Ross, G. W., & White, L. R. (2011) · Journal of Alzheimer's Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-2010-101428 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Cyclooxygenase‐1 inhibition reduces amyloid pathology and improves memory deficits in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease
Choi, S., Aïd, S., Caracciolo, L., Minami, S., Niikura, T., Matsuoka, Y., Turner, R. S., Mattson, M. P., & Bosetti, F. (2012) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.12059 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Complement receptor 1 (CR1) and Alzheimer's disease
Crehan, H., Holton, P., Wray, S., Pocock, J., Guerreiro, R., & Hardy, J. (2012) · Immunobiology · doi:10.1016/j.imbio.2011.07.017 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Intra-Individual Stability of CSF Biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease over Two Years
Zetterberg, H., Pedersen, M., LIND, K., Svensson, M., Rolstad, S., Eckerström, C., Syversen, S., Mattsson, U.-B., Ysander, C., Mattsson, N., et al. (2007) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-2007-12307 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Chronic administration of R-flurbiprofen attenuates learning impairments in transgenic amyloid precursor protein mice
Kukar, T. L., Prescott, S., Eriksen, J. L., Holloway, V. M., Murphy, M. P., Koo, E. H., Golde, T. E., & Nicolle, M. M. (2007) · BMC Neuroscience · doi:10.1186/1471-2202-8-54 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
No advantage of Aβ42-lowering NSAIDs for prevention of Alzheimer dementia in six pooled cohort studies
Szekely, C. A., Green, R. C., Breitner, J. C. S., Østbye, T., Beiser, A. S., Corrada, M. M., Dodge, H. H., Ganguli, M., Kawas, C. H., Kuller, L. H., et al. (2008) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000313933.17796.f6 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Transgenic mice overexpressing amyloid beta protein are an incomplete model of Alzheimer disease
Schwab, C., Hosokawa, M., & McGeer, P. L. (2004) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2004.03.016 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Self-citation
Bapineuzumab and solanezumab for Alzheimer's disease: is the ‘amyloid cascade hypothesis’ still alive?
Tayeb, H. O., Murray, E. D., Price, B. H., & Tarazi, F. I. (2013) · Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy · doi:10.1517/14712598.2013.789856 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Relation of NSAIDs to incident AD, change in cognitive function, and AD pathology
Arvanitakis, Z., Grodstein, F., Bienias, J. L., Schneider, J. A., Wilson, R. S., Kelly, J. F., Evans, D. A., & Bennett, D. A. (2008) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000313813.48505.86 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
β-amyloid peptide in vitro toxicity: Lot-to-lot variability
May, P. C., Gitter, B. D., Waters, D. C., Simmons, L. K., Becker, G. W., Small, J. S., & Robison, P. M. (1992) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/0197-4580(92)90064-5 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Complement activation in very early Alzheimer disease
Zanjani, H., Finch, C. E., Kemper, C., Atkinson, J., McKeel, D., Morris, J. C., & Price, J. L. (2005) · Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders · doi:10.1097/01.wad.0000165506.60370.94 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and Alzheimer’s disease: a case-control study in Rochester, Minnesota, 1980 through 1984
Beard, C. M., Waring, S. C., O'Brien, P. C., Kurland, L. T., & Kokmen, E. (1998) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings · doi:10.4065/73.10.951 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Activation of α‐secretase cleavage
Postina, R. (2011) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2011.07459.x · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Stereologic assessment of the total cortical volume occupied by amyloid deposits and its relationship with cognitive status in aging and Alzheimer’s disease
Bussière, T., Friend, P. D., Sadeghi, N., Wicinski, B. A., Lin, G. I., Bouras, C., Giannakopoulos, P., Robakis, N. K. R. K., Morrison, J. H., Perl, D. P., et al. (2002) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/s0306-4522(02)00056-8 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Crude caffeine reduces memory impairment and amyloid β1–42 levels in an Alzheimer’s mouse model
Chu, Y.-F., Chang, W.-H., Black, R. M., Liu, J.-R., Sompol, P., Chen, Y., Wei, H., Zhao, Q., & Cheng, I. H. (2012) · Food Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.04.148 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Distinct Pools of β-Amyloid in Alzheimer Disease–Affected Brain: A Clinicopathologic Study
Steinerman, J. R., Irizarry, M., Scarmeas, N., Raju, S., Brandt, J., Albert, M., Blacker, D., Hyman, B., & Stern, Y. (2008) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.65.7.906 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Inflammation and cerebral amyloidosis are disconnected in an animal model of Alzheimer's disease
Quinn, J. (2003) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/s0165-5728(03)00037-7 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Microtubule-associated protein tau (? ) is a major antigenic component of paired helical filaments in Alzheimer disease
Kosik, K. S., Joachim, C., & Selkoe, D. J. (1987) · Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders · doi:10.1097/00002093-198701030-00022 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Effects of NSAID treatments on cognitive decline vary by phase of pre-clinical Alzheimer disease: Findings from the randomized controlled ADAPT trial
Leoutsakos, J., Muthén, B., Breitner, J., & Lyketsos, C. G. (2011) · International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/gps.2723 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Sting of Alzheimer's failures offset by upcoming prevention trials
Mullard, A. (2012) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/nrd3842 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Structural Basis of C-terminal β-Amyloid Peptide Binding by the Antibody Ponezumab for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease
LaPorte, S. L., Bollini, S. S., Lanz, T. A., Abdiche, Y. N., Rusnak, A. S., Ho, W.-H., Kobayashi, D. T., Harrabi, O., Pappas, D. C., Mina, E. W., et al. (2011) · Journal of Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2011.11.047 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Contribution of complement activation pathways to neuropathology differs among mouse models of Alzheimer's disease
Fonseca, M. I., Chu, S., Berci, A. M., Benoit, M. E., Peters, D. G., Kimura, Y., & Tenner, A. J. (2011) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/1742-2094-8-4 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Solanezumab for the treatment of mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s disease
Imbimbo, B. P., Ottonello, S., Frisardi, V., Solfrizzi, V., Greco, A., Seripa, D., Pilotto, A., & Panza, F. (2012) · Expert Review of Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1586/eci.11.93 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Tactics of tobacco industry in Belgium (Rapid response letter)
Nemery, B., Joossens, L., Bärtsch, P., Vermeire, P. A., & Ninane, V. (2005) · Cited by 90 · see citing works
scyllo-Inositol, Preclinical, and Clinical Data for Alzheimer’s Disease
Ma, K., Thomason, L. A. M., & McLaurin, J. (2012) · Advances in pharmacology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-394816-8.00006-4 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
γ-Secretase as a Target for Alzheimer’s Disease
Wolfe, M. S. (2012) · Advances in pharmacology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-394816-8.00004-0 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Genetic association of CR1 with Alzheimer's disease: A tentative disease mechanism
Hazrati, L., Cauwenberghe, C. V., Brooks, P. L., Brouwers, N., Ghani, M., Sato, C., Cruts, M., Sleegers, K., George‐Hyslop, P. S., Broeckhoven, C. V., et al. (2012) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2012.07.001 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and Alzheimer's disease risk: the MIRAGE Study
Yip, A., Green, R., Huyck, M., Cupples, L., & Farrer, L. (2005) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/1471-2318-5-2 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Granules in glial cells of patients with Alzheimer's disease are immunopositive for C-terminal sequences of β-amyloid protein
Akiyama, H., Schwab, C., Kondo, H., Mori, H., Kametani, F., Ikeda, K., & McGeer, P. L. (1996) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/s0304-3940(96)12474-5 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Self-citation
Alzheimer's Disease-Linked Mutations in Presenilin-1 Result in a Drastic Loss of Activity in Purified γ-Secretase Complexes
Cacquevel, M., Aeschbach, L., Houacine, J., & Fraering, P. C. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0035133 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Longitudinal Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers over Four Years in Mild Cognitive Impairment
Mattsson, N., Portelius, E., Rolstad, S., Gustavsson, M. K., Andréasson, U., Stridsberg, M., Wallin, A., Blennow, K., & Zetterberg, H. (2012) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-2012-120019 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Transgenic AD model mice, effects of potential anti-AD treatments on inflammation and pathology
van Groen, T., & Kadish, I. (2005) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2004.12.026 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Targets for AD treatment: conflicting messages from γ-secretase inhibitors
Sambamurti, K., Greig, N. H., Utsuki, T., Barnwell, E., Sharma, E., Mazell, C., Bhat, N. R., Kindy, M. S., Lahiri, D. K., & Pappolla, M. A. (2011) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2011.07213.x · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Simple In Vitro Assays to Identify Amyloid-β Aggregation Blockers for Alzheimer's Disease Therapy
Guo, J., Yu, S. Y., & McGeer, P. L. (2010) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-2010-1331 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Self-citation
Diagnosed Mild Cognitive Impairment Due to Alzheimer’s Disease with PET Biomarkers of Beta Amyloid and Neuronal Dysfunction
Hatashita, S., & Yamasaki, H. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0066877 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use and Alzheimer disease in community-dwelling elderly patients.
Landi, F., Cesari, M., Onder, G., Russo, A., Torre, S., & Bernabei, R. (2003) · The American journal of geriatric psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00019442-200303000-00008 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
[11C]PIB, [18F]FDG and MR imaging in patients with mild cognitive impairment
Brück, A., Virta, J. R., Koivunen, J., Koikkalainen, J. R., Scheinin, N. M., Helenius, H. Y. M., Någren, K., Helin, S., Parkkola, R. K., Viitanen, M. H., et al. (2013) · European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging · doi:10.1007/s00259-013-2478-8 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Specificity of mechanisms for plaque removal after Aβ immunotherapy for Alzheimer disease
Akiyama, H., & McGeer, P. L. (2004) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm0204-117 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Self-citation
Advances in the identification of γ-secretase inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease
D’Onofrio, G., Panza, F., Frisardi, V., Solfrizzi, V., Imbimbo, B. P., Paroni, G., Cascavilla, L., Seripa, D., & Pilotto, A. (2011) · Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery · doi:10.1517/17460441.2012.645534 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
No improvement after chronic ibuprofen treatment in the 5XFAD mouse model of Alzheimer's disease
Hillmann, A., Hahn, S., Schilling, S., Hoffmann, T., Demuth, H., Bulic, B., Schneider-Axmann, T., Bayer, T. A., Weggen, S., & Wirths, O. (2011) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2011.08.006 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
The mouse C1q A-chain sequence alters beta-amyloid-induced complement activation☆
Webster, S. D., Tenner, A. J., Poulos, T. L., & Cribbs, D. H. (1999) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/s0197-4580(99)00020-2 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Ibuprofen modifies cognitive disease progression in an Alzheimer’s mouse model
Van Dam, D., Coen, K., & De Deyn, P. (2010) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881108097630 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug use and cognitive function in the elderly: Inconclusive results from a population-based cohort study
Fourrier, A., Letenneur, L., Bégaud, B., & Dartigues, J. (1996) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/0895-4356(96)00202-8 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Preventing β-amyloid fibrillization and deposition: β-sheet breakers and pathological chaperone inhibitors
Wısnıewskı, T., & Sadowski, M. J. (2008) · BMC Neuroscience · doi:10.1186/1471-2202-9-s2-s5 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Apolipoprotein E in neurology
Roses, A. D. (1996) · Current Opinion in Neurology · doi:10.1097/00019052-199608000-00004 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Abeta DNA Vaccination for Alzheimers Disease: Focus on Disease Prevention
Cribbs, D. H. (2010) · CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets · doi:10.2174/187152710791012080 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Is there a future for vaccination as a treatment for Alzheimer's disease?
McGeer, P. L. (2003) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/s0197-4580(02)00157-4 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Self-citation
Cerebrospinal Fluid Profiles and Prospective Course and Outcome in Patients With Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment
Okonkwo, O. C. (2011) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneurol.2010.334 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Docosahexaenoic acid supplementation of primary rat hippocampal neurons attenuates the neurotoxicity induced by aggregated amyloid beta protein42 and up-regulates cytoskeletal protein expression
Wang, P.-Y., Chen, J.-J., & Su, H. (2009) · The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2009.01.012 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
A Case-Control Analysis of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs and Alzheimer’s Disease: Are They Protective?
Wolfson, C., Perrault, A., Moride, Y., Esdaile, J., Abenhaim, L., & Momoli, F. (2002) · Neuroepidemiology · doi:10.1159/000048621 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Selective inhibition of the membrane attack complex of complement by low molecular weight components of the aurin tricarboxylic acid synthetic complex
Lee, M., Guo, J., Schwab, C., McGeer, E. G., & McGeer, P. L. (2012) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2011.12.005 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Self-citation
S- but not R-enantiomers of flurbiprofen and ibuprofen reduce human microglial and THP-1 cell neurotoxicity
Klegeris, A., Maguire, J. A., & McGeer, P. L. (2004) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2004.04.001 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Self-citation
The Perils of Alzheimers Drug Development
Schneider, L. S. S., & Lahiri, D. K. (2009) · Current Alzheimer Research · doi:10.2174/156720509787313871 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Transgenic AD Model Mice, Effects of Potential Anti-AD Treatments on Inflammation, and Pathology
van Groen, T., Miettinen, P., & Kadish, I. (2011) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-2011-101479 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Differences in the processing of anaphoric reference between closely related languages: neurophysiological evidence
Lamers, M. J. A., Jansma, B. M., Hammer, A., et al. (2008) · BMC Neuroscience · doi:10.1186/1471-2202-9-55 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Cytoskeletal protein pathology and the formation of beta-amyloid fibers in Alzheimer's disease
Wisniewski, H. M., Iqbal, K., Bancher, C., Miller, D. L., & Currie, J. R. (1989) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/0197-4580(89)90079-1 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Suspected limited efficacy of γ-secretase modulators
Kakuda, N., Akazawa, K., Hatsuta, H., et al. (2012) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2012.08.017 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
False alarms of breast cancer
Hehir, D. (1990) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/0140-6736(90)90568-p · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Effects of Rofecoxib or Naproxen vs Placebo on Alzheimer Disease Progression: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Aisen, P. S., Schafer, K. A., Grundman, M., Pfeiffer, E., Sano, M., Davis, K. L., Farlow, M. R., Jin, S., Thomas, R. G., Thal, L. J., et al. (2003) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.289.21.2819 · Cited by 5 · see citing works

Flagged first, then by citations

Sorted by citations

Florbetaben PET imaging to detect amyloid beta plaques in Alzheimer's disease: Phase 3 study
Sabri, O., Sabbagh, M. N., Seibyl, J., Barthel, H., Akatsu, H., Ouchi, Y., Senda, K., Murayama, S., Ishii, K., Takao, M., et al. (2015) · Alzheimer's & Dementia · doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2015.02.004 · Cited by 602 · see citing works
Aggregated Tau activates NLRP3–ASC inflammasome exacerbating exogenously seeded and non-exogenously seeded Tau pathology in vivo
Stancu, I.-C., Cremers, N., Vanrusselt, H., Couturier, J., Vanoosthuyse, A., Kessels, S., Lodder, C., Brône, B., Huaux, F., Octave, J.-N., et al. (2019) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-018-01957-y · Cited by 447 · see citing works
Accuracy of Brain Amyloid Detection in Clinical Practice Using Cerebrospinal Fluid β-Amyloid 42: A Cross-Validation Study Against Amyloid Positron Emission Tomography
Palmqvist, S., Zetterberg, H., Blennow, K., Vestberg, S., Andreasson, U., Brooks, D. J., Owenius, R., Hägerström, D., Wollmer, P., Minthon, L., et al. (2014) · JAMA Neurology · doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2014.1358 · Cited by 368 · see citing works
Mechanisms of Molecular Mimicry Involving the Microbiota in Neurodegeneration
Friedland, R. P. (2015) · Journal of Alzheimer's Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-142841 · Cited by 338 · see citing works
Insulin Resistance and Neurodegeneration: Progress towards the Development of New Therapeutics for Alzheimer's Disease
de la Monte, S. M. (2017) · Drugs · doi:10.1007/s40265-016-0674-0 · Cited by 331 · see citing works
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) alone or in combination regulate select immune functions of microglia-like cells
Wenzel, T. J., Gates, E. J., Ranger, A. L., & Klegeris, A. (2020) · Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.mcn.2020.103493 · Cited by 320 · see citing works
Neuroinflammation in Neurodegenerative Disorders-a Review
Schain, M., & Kreisl, W. C. (2017) · Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports · doi:10.1007/s11910-017-0733-2 · Cited by 301 · see citing works
TREM2-Ligand Interactions in Health and Disease
Kober, D. L., & Brett, T. J. (2017) · Journal of Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2017.04.004 · Cited by 284 · see citing works
“However, nearby neurons may be damaged as an off-target consequence of the complement cascade [61].”
Background
Clinical trials of new drugs for Alzheimer disease: a 2020–2023 update
Huang, L.-K., Kuan, Y.-C., Lin, H.-W., & Hu, C.-J. (2023) · Journal of Biomedical Science · doi:10.1186/s12929-023-00976-6 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
“The inadequate clearance of Aβ along with the aggregation of tau disrupts microglial defense mechanisms, resulting in sustained and harmful microglial activation [32].”
Background
Vitamin C, Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease
Monacelli, F., Acquarone, E., Giannotti, C., Borghi, R., & Nencioni, A. (2017) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu9070670 · Cited by 243 · see citing works
“The amyloid cascade hypothesis is considered the primary event of AD pathogenesis [63].”
Background
Alzheimer’s disease as an inflammatory disease
Bolós, M., Perea, J. R., & Avila, J. (2017) · BioMolecular Concepts · doi:10.1515/bmc-2016-0029 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
<scp>APOE</scp>‐modulated Aβ‐induced neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease: current landscape, novel data, and future perspective
Tai, L. M., Ghura, S., Koster, K. P., Liakaite, V., Maienschein‐Cline, M., Kanabar, P., Collins, N., Ben‐Aissa, M., Lei, A. Z., Bahroos, N., et al. (2015) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.13072 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Activated iron-containing microglia in the human hippocampus identified by magnetic resonance imaging in Alzheimer disease
Zeineh, M. M., Chen, Y., Kitzler, H. H., Hammond, R., Vogel, H., & Rutt, B. K. (2015) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2015.05.022 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Early microglial activation and peripheral inflammation in dementia with Lewy bodies
Surendranathan, A., Su, L., Mak, E., Passamonti, L., Hong, Y. T., Arnold, R., Vázquez Rodríguez, P., Bevan-Jones, W. R., Brain, S. A. E., Fryer, T. D., et al. (2018) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awy265 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Longitudinal influence of microglial activation and amyloid on neuronal function in Alzheimer’s disease
Fan, Z., Okello, A. A., Brooks, D. J., & Edison, P. (2015) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awv288 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
The Coming of Age of the Angiotensin Hypothesis in Alzheimer’s Disease: Progress Toward Disease Prevention and Treatment?
Kehoe, P. G. (2018) · Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-171119 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Early intraneuronal amyloid triggers neuron-derived inflammatory signaling in APP transgenic rats and human brain
Welikovitch, L. A., Do Carmo, S., Maglóczky, Z., Malcolm, J. C., Lőke, J., Klein, W. L., Freund, T., & Cuello, A. C. (2020) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1914593117 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Multifunctional neuroprotective effect of Withanone, a compound from Withania somnifera roots in alleviating cognitive dysfunction
Pandey, A., Bani, S., Dutt, P., Kumar Satti, N., Avtar Suri, K., & Nabi Qazi, G. (2018) · Cytokine · doi:10.1016/j.cyto.2017.10.019 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Genetic and Transcriptomic Profiles of Inflammation in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Alzheimer, Parkinson, Creutzfeldt-Jakob and Tauopathies
López González, I., Garcia-Esparcia, P., Llorens, F., & Ferrer, I. (2016) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms17020206 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Drug development for Alzheimer’s disease: Review
Lao, K., Ji, N., Zhang, X., Qiao, W., Tang, Z., & Gou, X. (2019) · Journal of drug targeting · doi:10.1080/1061186x.2018.1474361 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
APOE ε4 associates with microglial activation independently of Aβ plaques and tau tangles
Ferrari-Souza, J. P., Lussier, F. Z., Leffa, D. T., Therriault, J., Tissot, C., Bellaver, B., Ferreira, P. C. L., Malpetti, M., Wang, Y.-T., Povala, G., et al. (2023) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.ade1474 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Masitinib for the treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease
Folch, J., Petrov, D., Ettcheto, M., Pedrós, I., Abad, S., Beas-Zarate, C., Lazarowski, A., Marin, M., Olloquequi, J., Auladell, C., et al. (2015) · Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1586/14737175.2015.1045419 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Hyperactivation of monocytes and macrophages in MCI patients contributes to the progression of Alzheimer's disease
Munawara, U., Catanzaro, M., Xu, W., Tan, C., Hirokawa, K., Bosco, N., Dumoulin, D., Khalil, A., Larbi, A., Lévesque, S., et al. (2021) · Immunity & Ageing · doi:10.1186/s12979-021-00236-x · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Exercise-Induced Modulation of Neuroinflammation in Models of Alzheimer’s Disease
Kelly, Á. M. (2018) · Brain Plasticity · doi:10.3233/bpl-180074 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Tau acts as a mediator for<scp>A</scp>lzheimer's disease‐related synaptic deficits
Liao, D., Miller, E. C., & Teravskis, P. J. (2014) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.12504 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Effects of the combination of high-intensity interval training and Ecdysterone on learning and memory abilities, antioxidant enzyme activities, and neuronal population in an Amyloid-beta-induced rat model of Alzheimer’s disease
Gholipour, P., Komaki, A., Ramezani, M., & Parsa, H. (2022) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.113817 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Cornel Iridoid Glycoside Inhibits Tau Hyperphosphorylation via Regulating Cross-Talk Between GSK-3β and PP2A Signaling
Yang, C., Li, X., Gao, W., Wang, Q., Zhang, L., Li, Y., Li, L., & Zhang, L. (2018) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2018.00682 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Association of cholinergic basal forebrain volume and functional connectivity with markers of inflammatory response in the Alzheimer’s disease spectrum
Teipel, S. J., Dyrba, M., Ballarini, T., Brosseron, F., Bruno, D., Buerger, K., Cosma, N.-C., Dechent, P., Dobisch, L., Düzel, E., et al. (2022) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-215196 · Cited by 20 · see citing works

Alzheimer’s Disease Research Using Human Microglia
Lue, L., Beach, T. G., & Walker, D. G. (2019) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells8080838 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Amyloid β peptide-mediated neurotoxicity is attenuated by the proliferating microglia more potently than by the quiescent phenotype
Tsay, H.-J., Huang, Y., Huang, F.-L., Chen, C.-P., Tsai, Y.-C., Wang, Y.-H., Wu, M.-F., Chiang, F.-Y., & Shiao, Y. (2013) · Journal of Biomedical Science · doi:10.1186/1423-0127-20-78 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
A20 critically controls microglia activation and inhibits inflammasome-dependent neuroinflammation
Voet, S., Mc Guire, C., Hagemeyer, N., Martens, A., Schroeder, A., Wieghofer, P., Daems, C., Staszewski, O., Vande Walle, L., Jordao, M. J. C., et al. (2018) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-018-04376-5 · Cited by 227 · see citing works
Targeted regulation of neuroinflammation via nanobiosignaler for repairing the central nerve system injuries
Sun, X., Ruan, H., Liu, Q., Cao, S., Jing, Q., Xu, Y., Xiong, L., Cui, W., & Li, C. (2022) · Nano Research · doi:10.1007/s12274-022-5143-3 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative disorders: the roles of microglia and astrocytes
Kwon, H. S., & Koh, S.-H. (2020) · Translational Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s40035-020-00221-2 · Cited by 2,595 · see citing works

Authors: McGeer, P. L., & McGeer, E. G.
Affiliations: University of British Columbia (CA)
Corresponding author: McGeer, Patrick L.
ORCID: McGeer, Patrick L.
Venue: Acta Neuropathologica
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2013-09-20
Volume: 126
Issue: 4
Pages: 479-497
ISSN: 0001-6322 (ISSN-L)
1432-0533
DOI: 10.1007/s00401-013-1177-7
OpenAlex: W2089337215
Cited by: 467
References: 191
Citations by year: 2026: 8 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 45 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 34 · 2021: 41 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 47 · 2018: 51 · 2017: 47 · 2016: 33 · 2015: 49 · 2014: 21
FWCI: 3.78
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Acta Neuropathologica (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, amyloid hypothesis, amyloid-beta, tau aggregation, neuroinflammation, microglia, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, disease-modifying therapy, anti-inflammatory therapy, biomarkers, disease staging, amyloid PET, cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, early intervention
MeSH terms: Alzheimer Disease, Amyloid, Animals, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal, Antioxidants, Diet, Humans, Immunization, Inflammation, Mutation, Peptide Fragments, Biomarkers, Amyloid beta-Peptides, Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor, Alzheimer Vaccines, Animals, Genetically Modified, Translational Research, Biomedical

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

The amyloid cascade-inflammatory hypothesis of Alzheimer disease: implications for therapy

Abstract

Integrity signals

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Cites

Cited by

Related

Record

About these checks