The DOI matches its Crossref record; 57 of the 58 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Leadership Behavior and Employee Voice: Is the Door Really Open?
Abstract
We investigate the relationships between two types of change-oriented leadership (transformational leadership and managerial openness) and subordinate improvement-oriented voice in a two-phase study. Findings from 3,149 employees and 223 managers in a restaurant chain indicate that openness is more consistently related to voice, given controls for numerous individual differences in subordinates' personality, satisfaction, and job demography. This relationship is shown to be mediated by subordinate perceptions of psychological safety, illustrating the importance of leaders in subordinate assessments of the risks of speaking up. Also, leadership behaviors have the strongest impact on the voice behavior of the best-performing employees.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Citations
Cites
Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173 · Cited by 91,532
Multiple regression: testing and interpreting interactions
(1992) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.29-3352 · Cited by 36,647
Maslow, A. H. (1943) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/h0054346 · Cited by 21,563
The fifth discipline, the art and practice of the learning organization
Senge, P. M. (1991) · Performance + Instruction · doi:10.1002/pfi.4170300510 · Cited by 20,060
Hierarchical Linear Models: Applications and Data Analysis Methods.
Longford, N. T., Bryk, A. S., & Raudenbush, S. W. (1993) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2075823 · Cited by 18,773
External Control of Organizations: Resource Dependence Perspective
Miner, J. B. (2011) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315701967-54 · Cited by 14,229
Hierarchical Linear Models: Applications and Data Analysis Methods
Davidian, M. (2003) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.1198/jasa.2003.s288 · Cited by 13,820
Longshore, J. M., & Bass, B. M. (1987) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.2307/258081 · Cited by 12,424
Psychological Safety and Learning Behavior in Work Teams
Edmondson, A. (1999) · Administrative Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2666999 · Cited by 12,026
Axford, N. (2017) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315258324-16 · Cited by 11,329
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 58 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 7
- Bass B. M., 1985, Leadership and performance beyond expectations
- Bass B. M., 1990, Transformational leadership development: Manual for the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire
- Crant M. J., 2003, Speaking up when encouraged: Predicting voice behavior in a naturally-occurring setting
- French J. R. P., 1959, Studies in social power, 150
- Janssen O., 1998, Human Relations, 51, 945
- Morrison E. W., 2000, Academy of Management Review, 25, 706, 10.5465/amr.2000.3707697 · DOI · Paper page
- Ryan K. D., 1998, Driving fear out of the workplace (2nd ed
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–300 of 1,000
Zheng, Y., Epitropaki, O., Graham, L., & Caveney, N. (2021) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/01492063211002611 · Cited by 143
Lebel, R. D. (2016) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2016.05.001 · Cited by 118
Howard, M. C., Farr, J. L., Grandey, A. A., & Gutworth, M. B. (2016) · Journal of Business and Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10869-016-9463-8 · Cited by 107
Huang, X., Xu, E., Huang, L. V., & Liu, W. (2018) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/apl0000326 · Cited by 114
Lee, W. R., Choi, S. B., & Kang, S. (2021) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su13041901 · Cited by 153
Core Self-Evaluations and Employee Voice Behavior
Aryee, S., Walumbwa, F. O., Mondejar, R., & Chu, C. W. L. (2014) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/0149206314546192 · Cited by 113
Why and when job stressors impact voice behaviour: An ego depletion perspective
Xia, Y., Schyns, B., & Zhang, L. (2019) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.11.053 · Cited by 105
Inclusive leadership and voice behavior: The role of psychological empowerment
Younas, A., Wang, D., Javed, B., & Haque, A. U. (2022) · The Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/00224545.2022.2026283 · Cited by 114
Who speaks up at work? Dispositional influences on employees' voice behavior
Nikolaou, I., Vakola, M., & Bourantas, D. (2008) · Personnel Review · doi:10.1108/00483480810906892 · Cited by 105
Khan, N. A., Khan, A., & Gul, S. (2019) · Asian Business & Management · doi:10.1057/s41291-018-00057-9 · Cited by 109
Transformational leadership and voice behaviors
Chen, S., Wang, M.-J., & Lee, S.-H. (2018) · Personnel Review · doi:10.1108/pr-01-2017-0016 · Cited by 109
Yin, Z., Kong, H., Baruch, Y., Decosta, P. L., & Yuan, Y. (2024) · Tourism Management · doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2024.104966 · Cited by 129
The Association between Organizational Silence and Ethical Leadership through Employee Performance
Zehir, C., & Erdogan, E. (2011) · Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.09.054 · Cited by 103
Silence is not Golden: Motivating Employee Voice through Inclusive Leadership
Jolly, P. M., & Lee, L. (2021) · Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research · doi:10.1177/1096348020963699 · Cited by 102
Velázquez, A. O., den Bossche, P. V., Sánchez‐Manzanares, M., Rico, R., & Rodríguez, F. G. (2013) · Journal of Business and Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10869-013-9315-8 · Cited by 127
Paterson, T. A., & Huang, L. V. (2018) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/0149206318771166 · Cited by 119
Li, S., He, W., Yam, K. C., & Long, L. (2015) · Asia Pacific Journal of Management · doi:10.1007/s10490-015-9424-1 · Cited by 109
Mere listening effect on creativity and the mediating role of psychological safety.
Castro, D. R., Anseel, F., Kluger, A. N., Lloyd, K. J., & Turjeman‐Levi, Y. (2018) · Psychology of Aesthetics Creativity and the Arts · doi:10.1037/aca0000177 · Cited by 121
Sherf, E. N., Tangirala, S., & Venkataramani, V. (2019) · Organization Science · doi:10.1287/orsc.2018.1273 · Cited by 103
Transformational leadership dimensions and employee creativity in China: A cross-level analysis
Li, C., Zhao, H., & Begley, T. M. (2014) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2014.11.009 · Cited by 103
Ethical leadership, work engagement, and voice behavior
Cheng, J., Chang, S., Kuo, J. H., & Cheung, Y.-H. (2014) · Industrial Management & Data Systems · doi:10.1108/imds-10-2013-0429 · Cited by 102
The influence of organizational culture, climate and commitment on speaking up about medical errors
Levine, K. J., Carmody, M., & Silk, K. J. (2019) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1111/jonm.12906 · Cited by 100
Transformational leadership, innovative work behavior, and employee well-being
Sharifirad, M. S. (2013) · Global Business Perspectives · doi:10.1007/s40196-013-0019-2 · Cited by 122
Deniz, N., Noyan, A., & Ertosun, Ö. G. (2013) · Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.10.540 · Cited by 113
Allen, J. A., & Rogelberg, S. (2013) · Group & Organization Management · doi:10.1177/1059601113503040 · Cited by 80
O’Donovan, R., van Dun, D. H., & McAuliffe, É. (2020) · BMC Medical Research Methodology · doi:10.1186/s12874-020-01066-z · Cited by 124
Coutifaris, C. V., & Grant, A. M. (2021) · Organization Science · doi:10.1287/orsc.2021.1498 · Cited by 120
Marinova, S. V., Moon, H. K., & Dyne, L. V. (2010) · Human Relations · doi:10.1177/0018726709359432 · Cited by 106
Jiang, W., & Gu, Q. (2016) · Management Decision · doi:10.1108/md-07-2015-0302 · Cited by 104
Bharanitharan, K., Chen, Z. X., Bahmannia, S., & Lowe, K. B. (2018) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-018-3925-z · Cited by 101
Elsetouhi, A., Hammad, A., Nagm, A. A., & Elbaz, A. M. (2017) · Tourism Management · doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2017.09.022 · Cited by 109
Voice behavior and work engagement: the moderating role of supervisor‐attributed motives
Cheng, J., Lu, K., Chang, Y., & Johnstone, S. (2012) · Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources · doi:10.1111/j.1744-7941.2012.00030.x · Cited by 102
Frieder, R. E., Hochwarter, W. A., & DeOrtentiis, P. S. (2015) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2015.06.001 · Cited by 104
Bergeron, D. M., & Thompson, P. S. (2020) · The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science · doi:10.1177/0021886319900332 · Cited by 106
Li, C., Liang, J., & Farh, J. (2018) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/0149206318798025 · Cited by 99
Maximo, N. D. D., Stander, M. W., & Coxen, L. (2019) · SA Journal of Industrial Psychology · doi:10.4102/sajip.v45i0.1612 · Cited by 127
“Am I Next?” The Spillover Effects of Mega-Threats on Avoidant Behaviors at Work
Leigh, A., & Melwani, S. (2022) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2020.1657 · Cited by 99
Testing multidimensional models of person‐group fit
Seong, J. Y., & Kristof‐Brown, A. L. (2012) · Journal of Managerial Psychology · doi:10.1108/02683941211252419 · Cited by 105
Peng, H., & Wei, F. (2020) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-019-04114-x · Cited by 70
Revisiting How and When Perceived Organizational Support Enhances Taking Charge
Burnett, M. F., Chiaburu, D. S., Shapiro, D. L., & Li, N. (2013) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/0149206313493324 · Cited by 95
Gao, A., & Jiang, J. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01484 · Cited by 93
Wang, G., Van Iddekinge, C. H., Zhang, L., & Bishoff, J. (2019) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/apl0000345 · Cited by 92
Modeling Temporal Interaction Dynamics in Organizational Settings
Lehmann‐Willenbrock, N., & Allen, J. A. (2017) · Journal of Business and Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10869-017-9506-9 · Cited by 93
Belschak, F., den Hartog, D. D., & Kalshoven, K. (2015) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/0149206313484513 · Cited by 78
Examining the relationships among trust, silence and organizational commitment
Dedahanov, A. T., & Rhee, J. (2015) · Management Decision · doi:10.1108/md-02-2015-0041 · Cited by 91
Finding Antecedents of Psychological Safety: A Step Toward Quality Improvement
Aranzamendez, G., James, D., & Toms, R. (2014) · Nursing Forum · doi:10.1111/nuf.12084 · Cited by 101
Entrepreneur’s paternalistic leadership style and creativity
Dedahanov, A. T., Lee, D. H., Rhee, J., & Yoon, J. (2016) · Management Decision · doi:10.1108/md-11-2015-0537 · Cited by 96
Employee voice at work: the role of employees’ gender, self-efficacy beliefs, and leadership
Eibl, B., Lang, F. R., & Niessen, C. (2020) · European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1080/1359432x.2020.1733979 · Cited by 104
Wang, Y., Xiao, S. S., & Ren, R. (2021) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-020-04697-w · Cited by 90
Wang, R., & Jiang, J. (2014) · The Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/00224545.2014.990410 · Cited by 94
Insiders maintain voice: A psychological safety model of organizational politics
Li, J., Wu, L., Liu, D., Kwan, H. K., & Liu, J. (2013) · Asia Pacific Journal of Management · doi:10.1007/s10490-013-9371-7 · Cited by 90
Farh, C. I. C., Oh, J. K., Hollenbeck, J. R., Yu, A., Lee, S. M., & King, D. D. (2019) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2017.0778 · Cited by 87
When in doubt, seize the day? Security values, prosocial values, and proactivity under ambiguity.
Grant, A. M., & Rothbard, N. P. (2013) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0032873 · Cited by 95
Deploying human capital for innovation: A study of multi-country manufacturing firms
Ma, L., Zhai, X., Zhong, W., & Zhang, Z.-X. (2018) · International Journal of Production Economics · doi:10.1016/j.ijpe.2018.12.001 · Cited by 94
Proactivity despite discouraging supervisors: The powerful role of prosocial motivation.
Lebel, R. D., & Patil, S. V. (2018) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/apl0000301 · Cited by 89
Ozer, M. (2011) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0023644 · Cited by 97
What Does it Take to Break the Silence in Teams: Authentic Leadership and/or Proactive Followership?
Guenter, H., Schreurs, B. H. J., van Emmerik, I. J. H., & Sun, S. (2016) · Applied Psychology · doi:10.1111/apps.12076 · Cited by 94
Joo, B.-K. B., Yoon, S. K., & Galbraith, D. D. (2022) · Organization Management Journal · doi:10.1108/omj-07-2021-1308 · Cited by 130
Chiaburu, D. S., Smith, T. A., Wang, J., & Zimmerman, R. D. (2014) · Journal of Personnel Psychology · doi:10.1027/1866-5888/a000105 · Cited by 95
Sax, J., & Torp, S. (2015) · Management Decision · doi:10.1108/md-10-2014-0625 · Cited by 104
The Journal of Values-Based Leadership
(2017) · Journal of Values-Based Leadership · doi:10.22543/0733 · Cited by 84
Authentic leadership and creativity
Chaudhary, R., & Panda, C. (2018) · International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management · doi:10.1108/ijppm-02-2018-0082 · Cited by 103
Koopmann, J. M., Johnson, R. E., Wang, M., Lanaj, K., Wang, G., & Shi, J. (2018) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/apl0000366 · Cited by 85
Laborious but Elaborate: The Benefits of Really Studying Team Dynamics
Kolbe, M., & Boos, M. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01478 · Cited by 94
Acceptance and Strategic Resilience: An Application of Conservation of Resources Theory
Bardoel, A., & Drago, R. (2021) · Group & Organization Management · doi:10.1177/10596011211022488 · Cited by 109
Mayfield, J. R., & Mayfield, M. R. (2016) · International Journal of Business Communication · doi:10.1177/2329488416675446 · Cited by 88
Ethical Leadership and Employee Voice: Employee Self-Efficacy and Self-Impact as Mediators
Wang, D., Gan, C., Wu, C., & Wang, D. (2015) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.2466/01.07.pr0.116k29w9 · Cited by 90
D’Innocenzo, L., Luciano, M. M., Mathieu, J. E., Maynard, M. T., & Chen, G. (2015) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2013.1073 · Cited by 88
Transformational leadership and employee voice for product and process innovation in SMEs
Rasheed, M. A., Shahzad, K., & Nadeem, S. (2021) · Innovation & Management Review · doi:10.1108/inmr-01-2020-0007 · Cited by 81
Leader openness, nationality dissimilarity, and voice in multinational management teams
Tröster, C., & van Knippenberg, D. (2012) · Journal of International Business Studies · doi:10.1057/jibs.2012.15 · Cited by 81
A Framework for the Study of Positive Deviance in Organizations
Mertens, W., Recker, J., Kohlborn, T., & Kummer, T. (2016) · Deviant Behavior · doi:10.1080/01639625.2016.1174519 · Cited by 87
Li, Y., Li, N., Guo, J., Li, J., & Harris, T. B. (2018) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2016.0212 · Cited by 85
Voice resilience: Fostering future voice after non‐endorsement of suggestions
King, D. D., Ryan, A. M., & Dyne, L. V. (2019) · Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1111/joop.12275 · Cited by 90
Huang, L. V., Krasikova, D. V., & Harms, P. D. (2019) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.2423 · Cited by 84
Employee Constructive Voice: An Integrative Review and a Dyadic Approach
Kim, Y. J., Lam, C. F., Oh, J. K., & Sohn, W. (2022) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/01492063221108654 · Cited by 89
Linking Workplace Practices to Community Engagement: The Case for Encouraging Employee Voice
Milliken, F. J., Schipani, C. A., Bishara, N., & Prado, A. M. (2015) · Academy of Management Perspectives · doi:10.5465/amp.2013.0121 · Cited by 81
Leadership and member voice in action teams: Test of a dynamic phase model.
Farh, C. I. C., & Chen, G. (2017) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/apl0000256 · Cited by 88
Transformational leadership and innovation in higher education: a participative process approach
Owusu‐Agyeman, Y. (2019) · International Journal of Leadership in Education · doi:10.1080/13603124.2019.1623919 · Cited by 79
Ng, K.-Y., van Dyne, L., & Ang, S. (2019) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2018.10.005 · Cited by 69
Tucker, A. L. (2015) · Management Science · doi:10.1287/mnsc.2015.2170 · Cited by 71
Dahl, M. S., & Pierce, L. (2019) · Academy of Management Discoveries · doi:10.5465/amd.2018.0007 · Cited by 83
Knoll, M. S., Neves, P., Schyns, B., & Meyer, B. M. (2020) · Applied Psychology · doi:10.1111/apps.12242 · Cited by 92
Zhou, X., Wu, Z., Liang, D., Jia, R., Wang, M., Chen, C., & Lu, G. (2021) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1111/jonm.13306 · Cited by 78
Tucker, S., & Turner, N. (2014) · Journal of Occupational Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0037756 · Cited by 78
Afsar, B., Shahjehan, A., Shah, S. I., & Wajid, A. (2019) · International Journal of Intercultural Relations · doi:10.1016/j.ijintrel.2019.01.001 · Cited by 86
Li, J., Barnes, C. M., Yam, K. C., Guarana, C. L. O., & Wang, L. (2019) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.2370 · Cited by 76
Knoll, M. S., Wegge, J., Unterrainer, C., da Silva, S. A., & Jønsson, T. (2016) · German Journal of Human Resource Management Zeitschrift für Personalforschung · doi:10.1177/2397002216649857 · Cited by 88
Leader consultation mitigates the harmful effects of leader narcissism: A belongingness perspective
Carnevale, J. B., Huang, L., & Harms, P. D. (2018) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2018.04.003 · Cited by 66
McClean, E. J., Kim, S., & Martinez, T. R. (2021) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2019.0492 · Cited by 83
The high cost of low wages: Economic scarcity effects in organizations
Meuris, J., & Leana, C. R. (2015) · Research in Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.riob.2015.07.001 · Cited by 82
Priesemuth, M., Arnaud, A., & Schminke, M. J. (2013) · Group & Organization Management · doi:10.1177/1059601113479399 · Cited by 76
Brinsfield, C. T. (2009) · OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network) · Cited by 74
Cultures have consequences: A configural approach to leadership across two cultures
Lee, K., Scandura, T. A., & Sharif, M. M. (2014) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2014.03.003 · Cited by 83
Mao, J., Chiang, J. T., Chen, L., Wu, Y., & Wang, J. (2018) · Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1111/joop.12233 · Cited by 87
Hennel, P., & Rosenkranz, C. (2020) · Project Management Journal · doi:10.1177/8756972820933057 · Cited by 83
Entrepreneurial Leadership and Employees’ Proactive Behaviour: Fortifying Self Determination Theory
Bilal, M. Z., Chaudhry, S. A., Amber, H., Shahid, M. A. R., Aslam, S., & Shahzad, K. (2021) · Journal of Open Innovation Technology Market and Complexity · doi:10.3390/joitmc7030176 · Cited by 86
Ahmad, I., Gao, Y., Su, F., & Khan, M. K. (2021) · European Journal of Innovation Management · doi:10.1108/ejim-11-2020-0464 · Cited by 84
Persistence: Defining the multidimensional construct and creating a measure
Howard, M. C., & Crayne, M. P. (2018) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2018.11.005 · Cited by 73
Employee Learning from Failure: A Team-as-Resource Perspective
Wilhelm, H., Richter, A. W., & Semrau, T. (2019) · Organization Science · doi:10.1287/orsc.2018.1255 · Cited by 81
Kim, Y., & Lim, H. D. (2020) · Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management · doi:10.1111/1468-5973.12289 · Cited by 72
Metadata
- Authors
- Detert, J. R., & Burris, E. R.
- Affiliations
- Cornell University (US)
- The University of Texas at Austin (US)
- Venue
- Academy of Management Journal
- Publisher
- Academy of Management
- Published
- 2007-08
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 869-884
- ISSN
- 0001-4273 (ISSN-L)
- 1948-0989
- OpenAlex
- W2130265624
- Semantic Scholar
- c2ec8b14b47870e22768fc446dd240b1a520a2f6
- Cited by
- 2,250
- References
- 58
- Citations by year
- 2026: 251 · 2025: 192 · 2024: 190 · 2023: 168 · 2022: 198 · 2021: 200 · 2020: 173 · 2019: 158 · 2018: 139 · 2017: 87 · 2016: 113 · 2015: 89 · 2014: 77 · 2013: 64 · 2012: 56
- FWCI
- 35.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Academy of Management Journal (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Employee Performance and Leadership
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Strategy and Management › Leadership and Management in Organizations
- Keywords
- employee voice, transformational leadership, change-oriented leadership, psychological safety, speaking up, subordinate performance, restaurant employees, leadership behavior
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review