The DOI matches its Crossref record; 55 of the 55 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The efficacy of internet interventions for depression and anxiety disorders: a review of randomised controlled trials
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To review the outcomes, nature and quality of published randomised controlled trials of preventive and treatment internet interventions for depression and anxiety disorders, and to document the availability of effective interventions. DATA SOURCES: Previous reviews of internet interventions for mental health and related conditions were updated using an extension of the original methodology. All studies included in the original reviews and more recent eligible trials (published before June 2009) were included, together with any trials identified from a search of the health intervention web portal Beacon and the Journal of Medical Internet Research. STUDY SELECTION: A total of 29 reports describing 26 trials satisfied the inclusion criteria. DATA SYNTHESIS: All trials employed a cognitive behaviour therapy intervention program. Of the 26 trials, 23 demonstrated some evidence of effectiveness relative to controls. Effect size differences ranged from 0.42 to 0.65 for depression interventions involving participants with clinically significant symptoms of depression, and 0.29 to 1.74 for anxiety interventions involving participants with a diagnosed anxiety disorder. Of the five effective English-language programs, three are available to the public without charge and two can be accessed at a small cost through health practitioner referral. CONCLUSION: Internet interventions for depression and anxiety disorders offer promise for use as self-help applications for consumers or as an adjunct to usual care.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Online interventions addressing anxiety and depression in the general population have demonstrated similar levels of efficacy to face-to-face interventions in both the general population and cancer patients (Griffiths, Farrer, & Christensen, 2010;Jacobsen & Jim, 2008).”
From e-TC: Development and pilot testing of a web-based intervention to reduce anxiety and depression in survivors of testicular cancer (2017) · cites this paper as Griffiths, Farrer, & Christensen, 2010
In the citing paper
“Internet-based and computer-aided treatments have been shown to be effective in treating a wide range of psychological problems, and have effect sizes (ES) comparable to those found for more traditional types of psychological treatments [21-32].”
From Feasibility of a personal health technology-based psychological intervention for men with stress and mood problems: Randomized controlled pilot trial (2013) · cites this paper as [27]
In the citing paper
“However, the acceptability, effectiveness and uptake of iCBT treatment for mental disorders has not been established in older populations [5], [6].”
In the citing paper
“Reviews of iCBT for mental illness have indicated that older individuals are generally under-represented in the samples that provide efficacy data for these programs [5], [6].”
In the citing paper
“Reviews of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of internet interventions with therapist assistance for depressive and anxiety disorders have found reductions in symptoms, relevant cognitions and improvement in patients’ mental health literacy [37–39].”
From Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial of internet-based cognitive-behavioural therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder (2014) · cites this paper as [37]
In the citing paper
“These effects were somewhat smaller than those reported in other recent reviews [17, 19–22] and also smaller than the large effect sizes for Internet-based ACT (0.80 and 0.87) in the study of Fledderus et al. [40] and for Internet-based CBT for anxiety complaints in older adults (1.43) in the study of Dear et al. [26].”
In the citing paper
“Current psychotherapies for anxiety can be delivered online using a website, 47,48”
From Effectiveness of mobile technologies delivering Ecological Momentary Interventions for stress and anxiety: A systematic review (2016) · cites this paper as [48]
In the citing paper
“Four other reviews [15-18] had a wider scope than cCBT for depression.”
From Meta-review of the effectiveness of computerised CBT in treating depression (2011) · cites this paper as [15]
In the citing paper
“Four reviews did not name the packages they examined [12,15-17].”
From Meta-review of the effectiveness of computerised CBT in treating depression (2011) · cites this paper as [15]
In the citing paper
“However, few studies have compared supported and unsupported interventions in the same trial [11] and so the issue of whether support adds unequivocal benefit has not yet been resolved.”
From Internet-Based CBT for Depression with and without Telephone Tracking in a National Helpline: Randomised Controlled Trial (2011) · cites this paper as [11]
In the citing paper
“A range of software applications available on the web have also delivered effective CBT to depressed samples [11], reduced depression in school settings [12] and in general practice environments [13], [14], either with or without support from mental health professionals, paraprofessionals or teachers [11].”
From Internet-Based CBT for Depression with and without Telephone Tracking in a National Helpline: Randomised Controlled Trial (2011) · cites this paper as [11]
In the citing paper
“A range of software applications available on the web have also delivered effective CBT to depressed samples [11], reduced depression in school settings [12] and in general practice environments [13], [14], either with or without support from mental health professionals, paraprofessionals or teachers [11].”
From Internet-Based CBT for Depression with and without Telephone Tracking in a National Helpline: Randomised Controlled Trial (2011) · cites this paper as [11]
Citations
Cites
(2008) · Cited by 3,790
Assessing Risk of Bias in Included Studies
Higgins, J. P., & Altman, D. G. (2008) · Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions · doi:10.1002/9780470712184.ch8 · Cited by 3,396
Selective publication of antidepressant trials and its influence on apparent efficacy
Turner, E. H., Matthews, A. M., Linardatos, E., Tell, R. A., & Rosenthal, R. (2008) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmsa065779 · Cited by 2,435
Internet-based cognitive behaviour therapy for symptoms of depression and anxiety: A meta-analysis
SPEK, V., CUIJPERS, P., NYKLÍČEK, I., RIPER, H., KEYZER, J., & POP, V. (2007) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291706008944 · Cited by 1,586
Delivering interventions for depression by using the internet: randomised controlled trial
Christensen, H. (2004) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.37945.566632.ee · Cited by 928
Self-citationGriffiths, K. M., Christensen, H., Jorm, A. F., Evans, K., & Groves, C. (2004) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.185.4.342 · Cited by 789
Self-citationLange, A., Rietdijk, D., Hudcovicova, M., van de Ven, J.-P., Schrieken, B., & Emmelkamp, P. M. G. (2003) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.71.5.901 · Cited by 495
Shortfall in mental health service utilisation
Andrews, G., Issakidis, C., & Carter, G. (2001) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.179.5.417 · Cited by 420
GELLATLY, J., BOWER, P., HENNESSY, S., RICHARDS, D., GILBODY, S., & LOVELL, K. (2007) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291707000062 · Cited by 419
Knaevelsrud, C., & Maercker, A. (2007) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-7-13 · Cited by 398
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- Weightman AL, 2004, A systematic approach to identifying the evidence. Project Methodology 5. Health Evidence Bulletins Wales
- Christensen H, 2010, Beacon: a web portal listing high‐quality mental health websites for use by health professionals and the public, Med J Aust, 192, S40
- Lowe S, 2004, National allied health workforce report
- Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2005, Rural, regional and remote health: Indicators of health
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–200 of 303
Leitan, N. D., Michalak, E. E., Berk, L., Berk, M., & Murray, G. (2015) · Bipolar Disorders · doi:10.1111/bdi.12258 · Cited by 49
Navarro, P., Bambling, M., Sheffield, J., & Edirippulige, S. (2019) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/13152 · Cited by 55
“In comparison with the adult e-mental health literature, these findings also appear to show relatively greater variance [42-47].”
The role of technology in Australian youth mental health reform
Burns, J. M., Birrell, E., Bismark, M., Pirkis, J., Davenport, T. A., Hickie, I. B., Weinberg, M. K., & Ellis, L. A. (2016) · Australian Health Review · doi:10.1071/ah15115 · Cited by 54
Timakum, T., Xie, Q. S., & Song, M. (2022) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-022-03713-9 · Cited by 55
“It is part of a solution to directly help individuals in need by utilizing information and communication technology (ICT) via the internet [6, 7].”
BackgroundMewton, L., Sachdev, P. S., & Andrews, G. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0071825 · Cited by 48
“Reviews of iCBT for mental illness have indicated that older individuals are generally under-represented in the samples that provide efficacy data for these programs [5,6].”
BackgroundPaul, C. L., Carey, M. L., Sanson-Fisher, R. W., Houlcroft, L. E., & Turon, H. E. (2013) · Health Education Research · doi:10.1093/her/cyt053 · Cited by 51
“Reviews have suggested that web-based interventions may be effective for mental health conditions [22, 23].”
BackgroundFordham, B., Sugavanam, T., Edwards, K., Hemming, K., Howick, J., Copsey, B. J., Lee, H., Kaidesoja, M., Kirtley, S., Hopewell, S., et al. (2021) · Health Technology Assessment · doi:10.3310/hta25090 · Cited by 62
Price, M., Gros, D. F., McCauley, J. L., Gros, K. S., & Ruggiero, K. J. (2012) · Psychiatry: Interpersonal and Biological Processes · doi:10.1521/psyc.2012.75.3.267 · Cited by 49
Efficacy of depression treatments for immigrant patients: results from a systematic review
Antoniades, J., Mazza, D., & Brijnath, B. (2014) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-14-176 · Cited by 53
“Although CBT can be delivered by a therapist to an individual or a group, more recently internet and/or phone delivered CBT interventions have become increasingly popular [74].”
BackgroundEarly developmental interventions for infants born very preterm – what works?
Anderson, P. J., Treyvaud, K., & Spittle, A. J. (2020) · Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.siny.2020.101119 · Cited by 50
Farrer, L. M., Griffiths, K. M., Christensen, H., Mackinnon, A. J., & Batterham, P. J. (2014) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-013-9589-1 · Cited by 47
“Internet-delivered interventions are effective in the treatment of depression and other mental disorders (Andersson and Cuijpers 2009; Andrews et al. 2010; Griffiths et al. 2010).”
BackgroundSelf-citationOnline peer support for mental health problems in the United States: 2004–2010
DeAndrea, D. C., & Anthony, J. C. (2013) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291713000172 · Cited by 48
“In one review, Griffiths et al. (2010) looked only at randomized controlled trials of Internet interventions for anxiety and depression, noted diversity amongst various forms of Internet-based health interventions, and mentioned possible selection biases when evaluations failed to probe what…”
BackgroundGriffiths, K. M., Crisp, D. A., Christensen, H. M., Mackinnon, A. J., & Bennett, K. (2010) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-10-20 · Cited by 49
“A final limitation of available research is that the majority of randomised controlled studies of e-mental health programs have employed wait list control groups [27].”
BackgroundSelf-citationThe technology of measurement feedback systems.
Bickman, L., Kelley, S. D., & Athay, M. M. (2012) · Couple and Family Psychology Research and Practice · doi:10.1037/a0031022 · Cited by 55
Batterham, P. J., Calear, A. L., Farrer, L., McCallum, S. M., & Cheng, V. W. S. (2018) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2017.08.002 · Cited by 48
Self-citationFarrer, L. M., Gulliver, A., Chan, J. K., Bennett, K., & Griffiths, K. M. (2015) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/mental.3890 · Cited by 47
“Several reviews and meta-analyses have demonstrated that Web-based interventions are effective in reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety in both adults [12,13] and university students [14].”
BackgroundSelf-citationFelder, J. N., Segal, Z. V., Beck, A. L., Sherwood, N. E., Goodman, S. H., Boggs, J. M., Lemon, E. L., & Dimidjian, S. (2016) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2016.02.002 · Cited by 52
Telehealth and eHealth interventions for posttraumatic stress disorder
Morland, L. A., Greene, C. J., Rosen, C. S., Kuhn, E. R., Hoffman, J. E., & Sloan, D. M. (2016) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2016.12.003 · Cited by 46
“Mil Med 2014, 179:1218-1222 [14] Griffiths KM, Farrer L, Christensen H: The efficacy of internet interventions for depression and anxiety disorders: a review of randomized controlled trials.”
BackgroundEffects of core and non-dominant arm strength training on drive distance in elite golfers
Sung, D. J., Park, S. J., Kim, S.-J., Kwon, M.-S., & Lim, Y.-T. (2015) · Journal of sport and health science/Journal of Sport and Health Science · doi:10.1016/j.jshs.2014.12.006 · Cited by 45
Seekles, W., van Straten, A., Beekman, A. T. F., van Marwijk, H., & Cuijpers, P. J. (2010) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2010.11.015 · Cited by 47
“Griffiths[47] found in a study large effect sizes for Internet self-help for patients with anxiety disorders.”
Islam, S. M. S., Chow, C. K., Redfern, J., Kok, C., Rådholm, K., Stepien, S., Rodgers, A., & Hackett, M. L. (2019) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022637 · Cited by 44
“Internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy support programmes have also been shown to have potential in reducing depressive symptoms.(32) 33 With increasing use of mobile phones, text messaging has the potential to support cardiac Table 3 Difference in PHQ-9 items at 6 months”
BackgroundConsidering the therapeutic alliance in digital mental health interventions
Henson, P., Peck, P., & Torous, J. (2019) · Harvard Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/hrp.0000000000000224 · Cited by 43
Hadjistavropoulos, H. D., Thompson, M. J., Klein, B., & Austin, D. W. (2012) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506073.2011.645550 · Cited by 41
Mediating Tragedy: Facebook, Aboriginal Peoples and Suicide
Carlson, B. L., Farrelly, T., Frazer, R., & Borthwick, F. (2015) · AJIS. Australasian journal of information systems/AJIS. Australian journal of information systems/Australian journal of information systems · doi:10.3127/ajis.v19i0.1174 · Cited by 43
“There is emerging evidence that technology-based interventions, such as offering information or access to professional advice, could be effective (Griffiths et al. 2010).”
BackgroundA meta-review of Internet computer-based psychological treatments for anxiety disorders
Peñate, W., & Fumero, A. (2016) · Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare · doi:10.1177/1357633x15586491 · Cited by 41
Web-Based Psychoeducational Intervention for Postconcussion Symptoms: A Randomized Trial
Belanger, H. G., Barwick, F., Silva, M. A., Kretzmer, T., Kip, K. E., & Vanderploeg, R. D. (2015) · Military Medicine · doi:10.7205/milmed-d-14-00388 · Cited by 40
van der Zweerde, T., Lancee, J., Slottje, P., Bosmans, J. E., Someren, E. J. W. V., Reynolds, C. F., Cuijpers, P. J., & van Straten, A. (2016) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-016-0783-z · Cited by 41
“Many e-health programs have been developed for different disorders [34–36].”
BackgroundGunn, K. M., Turnbull, D. A., Bidargaddi, N. P., McWha, J. L., Davies, M., & Olver, I. (2016) · European Journal of Cancer Care · doi:10.1111/ecc.12533 · Cited by 41
González-Robles, A., Díaz-García, A., García-Palacios, A., Roca, P., Ramos-Quiroga, J. A., & Botella, C. (2020) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/18220 · Cited by 40
“Research has shown promising and compelling evidence that internet-delivered psychological interventions are effective for a variety of psychosocial problems, including anxiety and depressive disorders [51,52].”
BackgroundCalvo, R. A., Dinakar, K., Picard, R. W., & Maes, P. (2016) · CHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI EA) · doi:10.1145/2851581.2856463 · Cited by 40
Westerhof, G. J., Lamers, S. M. A., Postel, M. G., & Bohlmeijer, E. T. (2017) · The Gerontologist · doi:10.1093/geront/gnx140 · Cited by 38
E-mental health – a land of unlimited possibilities
Schmidt, U. H., & Wykes, T. (2012) · Journal of Mental Health · doi:10.3109/09638237.2012.705930 · Cited by 38
“Much research in the area of e-mental health has focused on interactive online interventions, largely based on cognitive-behavioural approaches, for the treatment and prevention of common mental disorders such as depression and anxiety disorders (Griffiths et al., 2010), substance misuse disorders (Tait & Christensen,…”
BackgroundDo non-pharmacological sleep interventions affect anxiety symptoms? A meta-analysis
Staines, A. C., Broomfield, N., Pass, L., Orchard, F., & Bridges, J. (2022) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/jsr.13451 · Cited by 43
“Other terminology: ‘Healthwatch’ is an online, interactive lifestyle website with no specific mental health or sleep-related content (Griffiths et al., 2010); *‘Mental health professionals’ included a clinical psychologist, clinical psychology postdoctoral fellows and a licensed clinical social worker; ‘BPT’ or behavi…”
BackgroundMethodNavarro, P., Sheffield, J. K., Edirippulige, S., & Bambling, M. (2019) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/15564 · Cited by 46
“issues are consistent with evidence that online counselors often underutilize goal exploration processes [41,52,55], whereas misunderstandings commonly stem from a lack of nonverbal conversational cues on text-based modalities [25,32,40,41,45,46].”
Backgrounde‐hub: an online self‐help mental health service in the community
Bennett, K., Reynolds, J., Christensen, H. M., & Griffiths, K. M. (2010) · The Medical Journal of Australia · doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.2010.tb03694.x · Cited by 37
Self-citationHeiniger, L. E., Smith, A. B., Olver, I., Grimison, P., Klein, B., Wootten, A., Abbott, J.-A. M., Price, M. A., McJannett, M., Tran, B., et al. (2017) · European Journal of Cancer Care · doi:10.1111/ecc.12698 · Cited by 32
Fletcher, K., Foley, F., Thomas, N., Michalak, E. E., Berk, L., Berk, M., Bowe, S. J., Cotton, S., Engel, L., Johnson, S. L., et al. (2018) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-018-1805-9 · Cited by 39
Rickwood, D., Wallace, A. M. R., Kennedy, V., O’Sullivan, S., Telford, N. R., & Leicester, S. (2018) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/12169 · Cited by 44
“The internet has escalated as a source of information for mental health issues in recent years [15-17].”
Mental health service system improvement: Translating evidence into policy
Whiteford, H., Harris, M., & Diminic, S. (2013) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0004867413494867 · Cited by 35
“For example, there is now strong evidence for the efficacy and real-world effectiveness of both selfguided and clinician-mediated internet-supported interventions for a range of depressive and anxiety disorders, achieving similar outcomes to conventional face-to-face therapies (Griffiths et al., 2010).”
BackgroundA review of web-based chronic disease self-management for older adults
Portz, J. D. (2017) · Gerontechnology · doi:10.4017/gt.2017.16.1.002.00 · Cited by 36
Howell, A. N., Rheingold, A. A., Uhde, T. W., & Guille, C. (2018) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506073.2018.1533575 · Cited by 40
Results from a trial of an unsupported internet intervention for depressive symptoms
Leykin, Y., Muñoz, R. F., Contreras, O., & Latham, M. D. (2014) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2014.09.002 · Cited by 34
“…of these studies have confirmed the efficacy and the usefulness of internet interventions (Andersson and Cuijpers, 2009; Andrews et al., 2010; Griffiths et al., 2010; Van't Hof et al., 2009), yet few ecologically valid studies, conducted in a manner closely resembling eventual dissemination,…”
BackgroundBrough, C., Boyce, S., Houchen‐Wolloff, L., Sewell, L., & Singh, S. J. (2014) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.3027 · Cited by 34
“Previous research has identified the benefits of using Web-based interventions for areas such as weight loss, smoking, physical activity, and reducing depression and anxiety in long-term conditions such as diabetes and asthma [19-23].”
Schröder, J., Jelinek, L., & Moritz, S. (2017) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2016.05.002 · Cited by 32
van Spijker, B. A. J., Calear, A. L., Batterham, P. J., Mackinnon, A. J., Gosling, J. A., Kerkhof, A. J. F. M., Solomon, D., & Christensen, H. M. (2015) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-015-0589-1 · Cited by 32
“It has been convincingly demonstrated that online selfhelp interventions reduce mental health problems [24-29].”
BackgroundSelf-citationVillarreal‐Zegarra, D., Alarcon-Ruiz, C. A., Meléndez‐Torres, G. J., Torres-Puente, R., Navarro‐Flores, A., Cavero, V., Ambrosio-Melgarejo, J. I., Rojas-Vargas, J., Almeida-Huanca, G., Albitres‐Flores, L., et al. (2022) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/34760 · Cited by 33
“Despite not developing such a framework, previous studies have identified critical aspects to consider within the implementation process, such as the effectiveness of digital mental health interventions [16,17], barriers and facilitators to the implementation of electronic mental health interventions [18], or long-ter…”
BackgroundKay-Lambkin, F. J., Baker, A. L., Kelly, B. J., & Lewin, T. J. (2012) · Journal of Dual Diagnosis · doi:10.1080/15504263.2012.723315 · Cited by 31
Beatty, L., Koczwara, B., & Wade, T. (2011) · E-Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.7790/ejap.v7i2.256 · Cited by 30
Johnson, S. L., Zisser, M., Sandel, D. B., Swerdlow, B. A., Carver, C. S., Sanchez, A. H., & Fernández, E. (2020) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2020.103708 · Cited by 30
Robinson, J., Hetrick, S. E., Cox, G., Bendall, S., Yung, A. R., Yuen, H. P., Templer, K., & Pirkis, J. (2014) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-14-155 · Cited by 30
“Internet-based CBT has been shown to be an effective and cost-effective form of treatment for depression and anxiety among adults [18-24], and has the potential to be more accessible and less stigmatising than traditional, face-to-face models of therapy [25,26].”
BackgroundReducing the Mental Health–Related Stigma of Social Work Students
Rubio-Valera, M., Aznar‐Lou, I., Vives-Collet, M., Fernández, A., Gil‐Girbau, M., & Serrano‐Blanco, A. (2016) · Research on Social Work Practice · doi:10.1177/1049731516641492 · Cited by 35
van Grieken, R. A., Kirkenier, A. C. E., Koeter, M. W. J., & Schene, A. H. (2014) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-014-0331-7 · Cited by 28
“Interestingly, patients did not mention internet strategies, such as e-health or online peer support, to be helpful for their coping whilst over the past 10 years there has been increasing interest in internet-based (selfhelp) interventions [24,25].”
BackgroundRahal, Z. A., Vadas, L., Manor, I., Bloch, B., & Avital, A. (2018) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2018.05.026 · Cited by 28
Wootten, A. C., Abbott, J.-A. M., Chisholm, K., Austin, D. W., Klein, B., McCabe, M., Murphy, D. G., & Costello, A. J. (2014) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2014.10.001 · Cited by 27
“Although there is considerable evidence for the effectiveness of online interventions in mental health generally (e.g., (Barak et al., 2008; Griffiths et al., 2010; Spek et al., 2007)) and for the psychosocial impact of chronic illnesses and for health behaviour change (Beatty and Lambert, 2013;…”
BackgroundStruthers, A., Charette, C., Bapuji, S. B., Winters, S., Ye, X., Metge, C., Kreindler, S., Raynard, M., Lemaire, J., Synyshyn, M., et al. (2015) · Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health · doi:10.7870/cjcmh-2015-006 · Cited by 27
Teachman, B. A. (2014) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691613512659 · Cited by 28
Feinberg, M. E., Boring, J. L., Le, Y., Hostetler, M. L., Karre, J. K., Irvin, J. B., & Jones, D. E. (2019) · Family Relations · doi:10.1111/fare.12415 · Cited by 27
Healthcare Reform, Quality, and Technology: ADHD as a Case Study
Baum, R., Epstein, J. N., & Kelleher, K. J. (2013) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-013-0369-0 · Cited by 27
“In the field of mental health, online therapies have emerged as an effective method of delivering evidenced based care for conditions such as disruptive behavior disorders in young children as well as affective disorders such as anxiety and depression in adolescents and adults [30, 31].”
Batterham, P. J., Calear, A. L., Farrer, L. M., Gulliver, A., & Kurz, E. (2020) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/22698 · Cited by 26
Self-citationWitlox, M., Kraaij, V., Garnefski, N., de Waal, M. W. M., Smit, F., Hoencamp, E., Gussekloo, J., Bohlmeijer, E. T., & Spinhoven, P. (2018) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-018-2731-3 · Cited by 23
Gunn, J., Cameron, J., Densley, K., Davidson, S., Fletcher, S., Palmer, V., Chondros, P., Dowrick, C., & Pirkis, J. (2018) · Patient Education and Counseling · doi:10.1016/j.pec.2017.07.008 · Cited by 25
About the effectiveness of telehealth procedures in psychological treatments
Peñate, W. (2012) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · Cited by 25
Alfonsson, S., Olsson, E. M. G., Linderman, S., Winnerhed, S., & Hursti, T. J. (2016) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2016.01.035 · Cited by 27
Australia's Better Access Initiative: Still Awaiting Serious Evaluation?
Hickie, I. B., Rosenberg, S. P., & Davenport, T. A. (2011) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.3109/00048674.2011.610744 · Cited by 25
Role of mHealth in overcoming the occurrence of post-stroke depression
Miranda, J. J., Moscoso‐Porras, M., Toyama, M., Cavero, V., Diez‐Canseco, F., & Ovbiagele, B. (2017) · Acta Neurologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/ane.12832 · Cited by 25
Stewart, E. M., Milton, A. C., Yee, H. F., Song, M. J., Roberts, A., Davenport, T. A., & Hickie, I. B. (2021) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/26015 · Cited by 25
“The focus on mental health tools may reflect a growing need and demand for mental health care among children and young people, increasing evidence supporting eHealth in the field of mental health, and increased funding for mental health tools [71,72].”
BackgroundChristensen, H. M., Mackinnon, A. J., Batterham, P. J., O’Dea, B., Guastella, A. J., Griffiths, K. M., Eagleson, C., Hehir, K. K., Kenardy, J. A., Bennett, K., et al. (2014) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2014.08.002 · Cited by 24
“HealthWatch is an online programdeveloped for theANUWellBeing study (Griffiths et al., 2010a).”
BackgroundMethodSelf-citationParslow, R., Lewis, V. J., & Marsh, G. (2011) · The Medical Journal of Australia · doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.2011.tb03282.x · Cited by 24
Premji, S., Dobson, K. S., Prashad, A., Yamamoto, S. S., Tao, F., Zhu, B., Wu, X., Lu, M., & Shao, S. (2021) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-020-03473-y · Cited by 28
“65) in 26 randomized controlled trials, without imposing disproportionate demands on specialized healthcare providers, or increasing costs or wait times for care [16, 17, 20].”
BackgroundRod, K. (2016) · Pain Research and Management · doi:10.1155/2016/8714785 · Cited by 24
“%) of patients reportedmuch improved results on the PGIC scale after treatment (Table 1).”
ResultCopeland, J., Rooke, S. E., Rodriquez, D., Norberg, M. M., & Gibson, L. (2017) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2017.01.009 · Cited by 25
Towards a framework for increasing help-seeking for social anxiety disorder
Griffiths, K. M. (2013) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0004867413493335 · Cited by 26
“To date, a number of trials have demon strated the efficacy of Internetbased social phobia treatments (Andrews et al., 2010; Griffiths et al., 2010).”
BackgroundSelf-citationGill, S. K., Contreras, O., Muñoz, R. F., & Leykin, Y. (2014) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2014.02.003 · Cited by 22
“…effectiveness of Internet interventions for mental disorders, such as depression and anxiety (Andersson and Cuijpers, 2009; Andrews et al., 2010; Griffiths et al., 2010; Spek et al., 2007a,b; Van't Hof et al., 2009); evidence for efficacy also exists for a variety of other conditions such as…”
BackgroundJones, B. A., Griffiths, K. M., Christensen, H. M., Ellwood, D. A., Bennett, K., & Bennett, A. (2013) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-13-265 · Cited by 22
“There is now convincing evidence that Internet-based programs based on CBT are effective for treating depression [17].”
Self-citationTait, R. J., McKetin, R., KAY‐LAMBKIN, F. J., Bennett, K., Tam, A., Bennett, A., Geddes, J., Garrick, A., Christensen, H. M., & Griffiths, K. M. (2012) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-12-67 · Cited by 21
“Internet-based interventions have already been demonstrated as effective for the treatment of depression and a range of anxiety disorders [23].”
BackgroundSelf-citationCosta, D. D., Zelkowitz, P., Bailey, K., Cruz, R., Bernard, J.-C., Dasgupta, K., Lowensteyn, I., & Khalifé, S. (2015) · The Journal of Perinatal Education · doi:10.1891/1058-1243.24.4.213 · Cited by 22
Pozza, A., Andersson, G., Antonelli, P., & Dèttore, D. (2014) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1017/s1754470x1400021x · Cited by 20
Games for the Assessment and Treatment of Mental Health
Mandryk, R. L., Birk, M. V., Lobel, A., van Rooij, M. M. J. W., Granic, I., & Abeele, V. V. (2017) · Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play · doi:10.1145/3130859.3131445 · Cited by 20
Smartphone‐based exposure treatment for dental phobia: a pilot randomized clinical trial
Arias, M. C., & McNeil, D. W. (2019) · Journal of Public Health Dentistry · doi:10.1111/jphd.12340 · Cited by 20
The acceptability of therapist-assisted, internet-delivered treatment for college students
Travers, M. F., & Benton, S. A. (2014) · Journal of College Student Psychotherapy · doi:10.1080/87568225.2014.854676 · Cited by 19
Farrer, L. M., Gulliver, A., Bennett, K., & Griffiths, K. M. (2015) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2015.07.006 · Cited by 26
“Online interventions have demonstrated effectiveness for a range of mental disorders in adults (Andersson and Cuijpers, 2009; Griffiths et al., 2010), children and young people (Ye et al., 2014; Ebert et al., 2015), and students attending university (Farrer et al., 2013).”
BackgroundSelf-citationReducing Depression Through an Online Intervention: Benefits From a User Perspective
Crisp, D. A., & Griffiths, K. M. (2016) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/mental.4356 · Cited by 19
“Importantly, as use and service options have expanded, research has demonstrated the efficacy of online programs in reducing depressive symptoms [3-10], improving depression literacy [11,12], and decreasing stigma [11-13].”
Self-citationOnline ethics: where will the interface of mental health and the internet lead us?
Cosgrove, V. E., Gliddon, E., Berk, L., Grimm, D., Lauder, S., Dodd, S., Berk, M., & Suppes, T. M. (2017) · International Journal of Bipolar Disorders · doi:10.1186/s40345-017-0095-3 · Cited by 19
“For example, available applications focusing on assessment or intervention for adults with depression or anxiety (Christensen et al. 2014; Griffiths et al. 2010) embody considerable strengths such as global accessibility, reduced cost, consumer interactivity, and potential for personalization (Lal and Adair 2014).”
BackgroundDevelopment of an Online Well-Being Intervention for Young People: An Evaluation Protocol
Antezana, G., Bidargaddi, N. P., Blake, V., Schrader, G. D., Kaambwa, B., Quinn, S. J., Orlowski, S., Winsall, M., & Battersby, M. (2015) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/resprot.4098 · Cited by 20
“Online treatments based on a psychopathology model for a range of mental disorders such as depression and anxiety have been researched widely [11-14].”
BackgroundKrebber, A.-M. H., van Uden‐Kraan, C. F., Melissant, H. C., Cuijpers, P. J., van Straten, A., Becker‐Commissaris, A., Leemans, C. R., & Leeuw, I. M. V. (2016) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-016-3393-x · Cited by 18
on behalf of the Finding My Way study investigators, Beatty, L., Kemp, E., Wade, T., & Koczwara, B. (2015) · BMC Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1322-x · Cited by 16
“Since 2000 a plethora of randomised controlled trials and systematic reviews have examined internet-based interventions for both psychological [19,20] and physical [17,18] health complaints.”
BackgroundO'Donnell, A. J., Schmidt, C. S., Beyer, F. R., Schrietter, M., Anderson, P., Jané‐Llopis, E., Kaner, E., & Schulte, B. (2021) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2021.11.039 · Cited by 18
Meyers, M., Margraf, J., & Velten, J. (2020) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/20326 · Cited by 18
Clarke, A. M., Chambers, D., & Barry, M. M. (2017) · School Psychology International · doi:10.1177/0143034317700937 · Cited by 17
Non-fatal self-poisoning in Sri Lanka: associated triggers and motivations
Rajapakse, T., Griffiths, K., Christensen, H., & Cotton, S. (2015) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-015-2435-5 · Cited by 15
“Online interventions in the West have demonstrated efficacy in reducing symptoms of depression [32].”
BackgroundSelf-citationMurray, G. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00599 · Cited by 16
Khanna, D., Hays, R. D., & Furst, D. E. (2017) · Lara D. Veeken · doi:10.1093/rheumatology/kex193 · Cited by 16
Nation, J., Wertheim, E., & Worthington, E. (2018) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.22557 · Cited by 16
Reducing Stigma Barriers to Help-Seeking Behaviors among College Students
Reichert, E. C. (2012) · Psychology · doi:10.4236/psych.2012.310134 · Cited by 15
“In an evidence-based review of online mental health programs, six out of the eight online interventions specific to depression were effective at reducing symptoms (Griffiths et al., 2010).”
BackgroundYoung, C., Mohebbi, M., Staudacher, H. M., KAY‐LAMBKIN, F. J., Berk, M., Jacka, F. N., & O'Neil, A. E. (2021) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/24871 · Cited by 14
“There is a substantial body of evidence supporting digital delivery of psychological interventions for depression as an accessible and feasible way to reach this population [16-18].”
Montague, A. E., Varcin, K. J., & Parker, A. G. (2014) · Victoria University Research Repository (Victoria University) · Cited by 14
Patient experience of supported computerized CBT in an inner-city IAPT service: a qualitative study
Perera-Delcourt, R. P., & Sharkey, G. (2019) · The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist · doi:10.1017/s1754470x18000284 · Cited by 14
Heyen, J. M., Weigl, N., Müller, M., Müller, S., Eberle, U., Manoliu, A., Vetter, S., Brown, A. D., Berger, T., & Kleim, B. (2021) · JMIR Formative Research · doi:10.2196/28055 · Cited by 14
“These can often be used anonymously, making their use lower threshold than that of in-person therapy [12-14], and are acceptable by users [15].”
BackgroundBreslau, J. A., Aharoni, E., Pedersen, E. R., & Miller, L. L. (2015) · Rand health quarterly · doi:10.7249/rhq-05-01-20 · Cited by 21
Abbott, J.-A., Klein, B., McLaren, S., Austin, D., Molloy, M., Meyer, D., & McLeod, B. (2014) · Trials · doi:10.1186/1745-6215-15-504 · Cited by 15
“In particular, online delivery of cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) has been found to be effective in reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression [36].”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Griffiths, K. M., Farrer, L., & Christensen, H.
- Affiliations
- Australian National University (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Griffiths, Kathleen M
- Venue
- Medical Journal of Australia
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2010-06
- Volume
- 192
- Issue
- S11
- Pages
- S4-11
- ISSN
- 0025-729X (ISSN-L)
- 1326-5377
- OpenAlex
- W2181769958
- Cited by
- 303
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 36 · 2014: 51 · 2013: 33 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 2.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- The Medical Journal of Australia (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Health and Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Keywords
- online intervention, depression, anxiety disorders, cognitive behavioral therapy, self-help, treatment efficacy, preventive interventions
- MeSH terms
- Anxiety Disorders, Depressive Disorder, Humans, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Telemedicine, Internet
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
