Flourish: a visionary new understanding of happiness and well-being

“These items form the measures described below and include the five elements of PERMA (Seligman 2011), a summary score that includes all five elements, and four additional measures.”

“Such deficit-based approaches to research and practice direct our collective learning toward how to diagnose organizational ills and how to fix identified issues rather than how to cultivate organizational flourishing (i.e., Bakker and Schaufeli 2008; Seligman 2011).”

“Education scholars hold different views regarding how positive education is executed in practice (Kristjánsson, 2012; Oades et al., 2011; Seligman, 2011).”

“The pursuit of well-being is arguably more compatible with the search for personally meaningful experiences instead of subjecting oneself to a set of predetermined normative standards or functional outcomes, which was endorsed by general (Seligman, 2011) and autism (Robeyns, 2016) researchers alike.”

“Additional benefits gained from high engagement (potentially created by flow experiences) are a stronger emotional connection to the workplace and increased willingness to put in discretionary effort (Maslach, Schaufeli, & Leiter, 2001), which can in turn contribute to high team performance (cf. Kirkman & Rosen, 1999;…”

“According to Seligman (2011), wellbeing is sustained by five elements: Positive emotions (including happiness and life satisfaction), Engagement (complete immersion in an activity), Relationships (being cared for and valued), Meaning (significance of life and belonging to something larger than the…”

“Although Seligman (2011) has in recent times extended the three forms of the happy life to include relationships and achievement, the eudemonic elements associated with engagement, meaning, purpose, and achievement remain recognized as core dimensions of happiness and well-being.”

“As pinpointed by Seligman (2011), this approach has three core pillars of positive emotions (i.e., positive, internal, and subjective experiences), positive character traits (i.e., features related to wellbeing), and positive institutions (i.e., workplaces that help an individual flourish).”

“Similarly, relatively simple interventions (asking people to reflect on five things for which they are thankful, or keeping a gratitude diary) lead to people scoring higher on these measures of appreciation [Emmons & McCullough, 2003; Froh et al., 2008; Seligman, 2012; Sheldon & Lyubomirsky, 2006].”

“Volunteering has been described as the “single most reliable way to momentarily increase ones well-being” (Seligman, 2012).”

“The concept of workplace flourishing is regarded as the most prominent multidimensional construct for the wellbeing models (Seligman, 2012).”

“Positive psychology does not constitute the reversal of this position, but its extension: both helplessness and happiness are learned in this formulation, and the ‘skills’ of optimism and resilience are formulated as an antidote to learned helplessness (Seligman, 2011: 170).”

“After that period, researchers tended to acknowledge that well-being is not the absence of ill-being and should be conceptualised as multi-dimensional [19, 40].”

“Such devaluation can be predominantly seen among children who have a high need for acceptance and peer relationships during childhood because children’s experiences and sense of achievement tend to be social, as opposed to adolescents who are academically oriented (Seligman, 2011; Barker, 2015).”

“His recent theory decomposes the construct of well-being into five elements, namely, positive emotion, engagement, relationships, meaning, and accomplishment, essential for people to experience lasting happiness (Seligman, 2011).”

“They are hypothesized to facilitate the fulfillment and growth of individuals and the environments in which they flourish (Peterson & Seligman, 2004) and have been associated with several positive psychological conditions such as well-being (Seligman, 2011), positive affect (Littman-Ovadia & Lavy, 2012), and coping (B…”

“Applications of normative theories in psychology that emphasize processing failure in a productive manner are particularly useful in crisis communication thought leadership (Dweck, 2012; Seligman, 2011).”

“In psychology literature, different concepts of flourishing can be found (Diener et al., 2010; Huppert & So, 2013; Keyes, 2002; Seligman, 2011), whereby affective, cognitive and goal-related behavioral components are included in distinct combinations (Hone et al.”

“In doing this, these activities contribute to happiness, as identified by Seligman (2011), by making people feel good, absorbing the maker in an activity, providing opportunity for authentic connections, contributing to a purposeful “Fiddling with Threads”: Craft-based Textile Activities and…”

“Seligman (2011) developed a positive psychology construct, and he called it five-dimensional PERMA, including “positive emotion (P), engagement (E), relationships (R), Frontiers in Psychology | www.frontiersin.org 1 June 2022 | Volume 13 | Article 880935 meaning (M), and accomplishment (A)” (p. 12).”

“Next came PERMA, defined by Seligman (2011) in Flourish, another popular book.”

“We assumed that there are two main mechanisms through which screen logs and communication information can affect wellbeing: (1) light from the screen can disrupt circadian rhythms and therefore sleep [13], and (2) the amount of social support in a person’s life is strongly linked to resilience to depression [14], [15].”

“Resembling instead theories of positive psychology, leisure is conceptualized as potentially all-consuming and reflected in the “flow” moments described by Seligman (2011) and Csikszentmihalyi (1990).”

“…positive psychologists, who initially focused on subjective aspects of happiness, began to pay attention to another dimension of happiness, that is, meaning, which seems to overcome the limitation of the previous definition of happiness that was mainly associated with hedonism (Seligman, 2011).”

“Researchers have variously defined flourishing as “a combination of feeling good and functioning effectively” (Huppert and So, 2013), “living the good life” (Seligman, 2012), and “[when] all aspects of a person’s life are good... complete human wellbeing” (VanderWeele, 2017).”

“For example, many de fi nitions focus on the notion of positive functioning (Duckworth et al., 2005; Linley et al., 2006), whereas others commonly describe PWB as fl ourishing and indicate that positive relationships and both purpose and meaning in life are essential (Diener, 2009; Seligman, 2011).”

“Furthermore, Seligman (2011) defines the construct of well-being through five key aspects forming the positive continuum of well-being known as PERMA, which stands for positive emotion, engagement, relationships, meaning, and accomplishment.”

“Positive emotion is the subjective measure of happiness and life satisfaction, engagement is the subjective measure of being highly absorbed in a task, and positive relationships are relationships with others who support well‐being (Seligman, 2012).”

“Other psychological models that align with the eudaimonic research tradition also highlight similar markers of a fully functioning life (e.g., Diener, Wirtz, et al., 2010; Ng, Tay, & Kuykendall, 2018; Seligman, 2011; Steger, 2016; Vittersø, 2003; Waterman, 1993).”

“Flourishing ( eudaimonia ) has re-emerged as a popular ideal of the good human life in contemporary virtue ethics (Annas, 2011) and positive psychology (Seligman, 2011).”

“The primacy of focusing on academic outcomes in higher education is undisputed, and yet the growing body of evidence that links wellbeing to academic outcomes and graduate capabilities suggests that universities should also be responsible for student wellbeing (Bott et al. 2017; Oades et al. 2011; Seligman 2011).”

“Finally there are also famous deployments of Aristotelian considerations when defending accounts of wellbeing in terms of character and virtues (Seligman 2012) or in terms of capabilities (Alkire et al 2015).”

“In the first group, Seligman (who recently declared his shift in interest from “happiness” to “flourishing”) contends that “the topic of positive psychology is well-being,” and “the gold-standard for measuring wellbeing is flourishing” (Seligman, 2011: 13).”

“Module 4 encouraged participants tomentally focus on the positive or naturally rewarding aspects during aday, rather than thenegative ones, and reflect onhow they influenced these (Seligman, 2012).”

“The experience of meaning has been theorized as an important component of wellbeing (Ryff 2018; Ryff and Keyes 1995; Seligman 2011; Wang et al. 2018; Wong 2012) and has received increasing attention as a study area in positive psychology (George and Park 2016; Martela and Steger 2016).”

“In order to fully investigate this emergent finding, stage two of the data analysis saw the theoretical framework proposed by Seligman (2011) used as a lens to further interrogate teachers' perspectives of their early-years of teaching (see 3.2.1).”

“…information search behaviour (Bieger & Laesser, 2004), memorable experience (Kim et al., 2012; Tung & Richie, 2011a) and positive psychology (Csikszentmihalyi & Csikszentmihalyi, 2006; Seligman & Csikszentmihalyi, 2000; Seligman, 2011) would enhance our knowledge in the area of OAET.”

“Indeed, taken from the principle of PP, and within constructive education, Seligman’s PERMA model (Seligman, 2011) was assimilated into the curriculum to improve the wellbeing of learners and assist them to flourish and improve their achievements.”

“Seligman (2011) proposed a theory of well-being stipulating that wellbeing was not simply the absence of mental illness (Keyes, 2002), but also the presence of five pillars with the acronym of PERMA (Seligman, 2002, 2011).”

“The rise of resilience has spanned across disciplines from engineering, ecology, psychology or political economy (Walker and Cooper 2011; Holling 1973; Seligman 2011).”

“Examples of included activities are ‘three good things’ (Seligman et al., 2005), ‘imagining a best possible self’ (Peters et al., 2010), ‘writing a gratitude letter’ (Seligman et al., 2005) and ‘active-constructive responding’ (Gable, Reis, Impett, & Asher, 2004).”

“Relatedness to others is considered an integral dimension of well-being (e.g., Ryan and Deci 2000; Ryff 1989; Seligman 2011), as is concern for the welfare of others (e.”

“The ASCOT and ICECAP-O have been designed in mind for European policy objec-tives—namely to establish methods of capturing the effectiveness and quality of social care services for older adults 75 —which are analogous to current policy objectives in Australia.”

“…at work is related to various positive experiences (e.g., pleasure, work engagement, meaning) and job satisfaction (Harzer and Ruch 2012, 2013; Littman-Ovadia and Steger 2010; Peterson and Park 2011; Seligman 2011) as well as behavioral outcomes (e.g., perseverance; Littman-Ovadia and Lavy 2016).”

“From a positive psychological perspective that investigates possible pathways to human flourishing (which broadly refers to optimal emotional and functional well-being), strong self-control skills and a high positivity ratio are considered indicators of adolescents’ personal flourishing, whereas high perceived availab…”

“In line with Lyubomirsky’s argument, Seligman too – when laying out the features of posttraumatic growth – almost makes the case that anybody, once provided with the adequate psychological endorsement, can overcome life challenges and even gain a new purpose in life from negative events (Seligman, 2011).”

“Notably, increasing subjective well-being leads to improvements in individuals’ lives, such as healthier relationships, more positive emotions, increased feelings of autonomy, and increased self-acceptance [21].”

“With the recent emergence of positive psychology has come a consideration of how pleasant emotions including optimism, passion, and joy can be utilized effectively in many parts of people’s lives (Seligman, 2011; Greenier et al., 2021).”

“The data were collected as part of a larger project and partly overlap with the sample of self-raters in Study 2 of Wagner et al. (2020a), which studies the relationships between character strengths and orientations to well-being (i.e., PERMA, Seligman, 2011), and one of the four samples of Ruch et al. (2020), which s…”

“Thus, the axial coding stage was guided by the five domains of well-being that form the PERMA framework (Seligman, 2011).”

“Starting with the premise that FL learners’ well-being and language success ‘require conscious effort and thoughtful action’ (88) and based upon Seligman and Csikszentmihalyi’s (2000) Three”

“However in the next step, relationships with similar concepts with a different background may be investigated, notably harmonious passion (Vallerand et al. 2003) and flourishing (Seligman 2011).”

“On the other hand, although WB has been the most studied positive response in breast cancer, researchers should consider whether Seligman's conception of this construct (PERMA) warrants further study.”

“The overall design philosophy used in ChatPal is based on positive psychology, more specifically the PERMA/H model [23,24], which includes 6 core components: positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning, accomplishment, and health.”

“More recently, perspectives from positive psychology have emerged as a source of evidence for the value of well-being (Seligman, 2012) and improving well-being is an imperative that guides much public health and social policy (Office for National Statistics, 2018).”

“One of these accounts, Seligman’s PERMA conception of flourishing, proposes five elements: positive emotion, engagement (i.e., experience of flow ; Csikszentmihalyi, 1990), meaning, accomplishment, and positive relationships (Seligman, 2011).”

“ships (Prilleltensky et al., 2015; Ryan & Deci, 2000; Ryff, 1995; Ryff & Singer, 1998; Seligman, 2012; VanderWeele, 2017), cultivating positive traits and character strengths (Niemiec, 2013; Peterson & Seligman, 2004; VanderWeele,”

“Seligman (2011) defined wellbeing as being composed of positive emotion, engagement, relationships, meaning in life, and accomplishment (PERMA).”

“The program concludes by exploring themes from the positive psychology literature relating to self-worth and personal flourishing.(30)”

“Seligman (2011) identifies having healthy relationships with others as a key element of well-being and our results consistently indicate that its absence is clearly associated with lower levels of happiness.”

“feeling of being cared for, and supported by others (Seligman 2011).”

“They bring a new approach by changing the nature of the intended “treatment” group, subscribing to the argument that everyone, regardless of mental illness symptoms, can enhance their psychological functioning (Seligman, 2011) and therefore benefit from such programmes.”

“…the notion of human relationship and its importance in the educational context, Kiński briefly discusses the concept of general life well-being, the essence of which was captured in the PERMA model (Seligman 2011) and later adapted and developed by other scholars (Kern et al. 2014; Oxford 2016).”

“…been a reliance on the use of the WEMWBS, partly due to its ease of administration, but consideration of more complex, dimensional models of wellbeing, as discussed above (e.g., the PERMA model) could increase understanding of how, and in what way, Arts on Prescription impacts wellbeing (76, 79).”

“Others argue that well-being is best understood through the PERMA model, which highlights the importance of positive emotion, engagement, relationships, meaning, and accomplishment in making life fulfilling and meaningful (Seligman, 2012; Mercer and Gregersen, 2020).”

“Seligman (2011) highlighted that well-being as a construct originated from positive psychology and focused on the study of positive human qualities, habits, and psychological models, rather than analyzing or exploring deficiencies and negative characteristics (Seligman & Csikszentmihalyi, 2000).”