Flourish: a visionary new understanding of happiness and well-being

“This concluding session overviewed Seligman’s PERMA model that argues for 5 domains of well-being that according to the field of Positive Psychology contribute to human flourishing: Positive emotions, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, and Achievement.34 There were no prescribed challenges from the session; however,…”

“And finally, the organization (supervisor) should ensure that the employee experienced that the goal was actually achieved (cf., the sense of achievements in PERMA model, Seligman 2011).”

“It is in line with the Positive Psychology which argues a supportive environment can enhance learners' positive emotions and promote their interest in learning (Seligman, 2011).”

“Research found that wellbeing is important for health and happiness [24], and therefore, increasing wellbeing can greatly benefit the mental and physical health of an individual [25].”

“…a broader view and included larger numbers of items (Keyes et al. 2002; Diener et al. 2010; Huta and Ryan 2010; Huppert and So 2013; Su et al. 2014; Seligman 2011), have relied on analytic methods to combine them that bring insufficient granularity to the question of integration—that is how…”

“Flourishing is a modern and key concept in the field of positive psychology (Huppert and So 2009; Seligman 2011), used for the first time by Keyes (2002) to describe high levels of well-being (Hone et al.”

“Although often associated with a general sense of happiness, meaning and happiness are distinct from one another (McGregor & Little, 1998), with the former representing a sense of being connected to something greater than oneself (Seligman, 2011).”

“Flourishing can be linked to several theoretical models that conceptualise flourishing aspects through research done by Keyes (2002), Diener et al. (2010), Seligman (2011), Huppert and So (2013), and Noble and McGrath (2015), as indicated in Table 1.”

“Seligman’s conceptualization of happiness and flourishing is based on five pillars: Positive emotions, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning in life, and Achievement (under the acronym “PERMA,” Seligman, 2011).”

“Several studies have shown that individuals could report both high levels of psychopathology (e.g., narcissism) and high levels of life satisfaction (Greenspoon and Saklofske, 2001; Keyes, 2002; Seligman, 2012).”

“Five areas to flourish: PEARM—posi-tive emotions, engagement, achievement, relationships, and meaning [90] What does it take to flourish?”

“Within positive psychology, resilience has been linked to flourishing (Fredrickson & Losada, 2005) and may be a component of (or precursor to) posttraumatic growth (Seligman, 2011; Tedeschi & Calhoun, 2004).”

“Authors such as Seligman (2011), Keyes (2002), Huppert and So (2013), and Diener et al. (2010) have tried to integrate these two perspectives, considering that the hedonic and eudaimonic approaches denote different yet equally important aspects of the general well-being construct.”

“Según Seligman (2011), la Psicología Positiva gira alrededor del bienestar psicológico a través de cinco elementos: las emociones positivas, el compromiso, los vínculos positivos, el logro y el significado.”

“It is an unworkable term for science” [2].”

“For illustration of this diversity, a few influential measures (e.g., Diener, Wirtz, et al., 2010; Seligman, 2011; Su et al., 2014; Tennant et al., 2007) and their dimensions are listed in Table 1.”

“On the other hand, some components such as having a life purpose, selfrealization, positive relationships, spiritual growth, and thriving are the main aspects of eudaimonic or psychological well-being (Seligman, 2011).”

“, cultivating strengths, experiencing flow) with factors such as engagement, positive relationships, meaning, and accomplishment [23], which correspond to the eudaimonic view of well-being, regardless of the presence of positive emotions more related to the hedonic view.”

“Positive relationships have been identified as a general and universal source for well-being (e.g., Seligman, 2011).”

“Recently, positive mental health has been increasingly recognized, shifting the focus to prevention, strength and well-being [2, 3].”

“…of advanced musicians, Ascenso, Williamon and Perkins (2017) have described the main components of musicians’ well-being in light of the PERMA model (Seligman, 2011), which provides a framework to understanding human well-being and flourishing: positive emotions (P), engagement (E), relationships…”

“A model is developed which draws on themes elicited from a qualitative study of long-distance walkers, together with the elements of well-being identified by Seligman (2011).”

“Moreover, the accomplishment item in the competence subscale emerged as one of the most robust items in its subdomain, consistent with eudaimonic traditions of well-being assessment focused on purpose in life [52, 53].”

“Two important contributors to positive development and protection against depression in emerging adults are well-being according to the PERMA model (Seligman, 2012) and character strengths (Peterson and Seligman, 2004).”

“This measure included subscales representing the five constructs of well-being that Seligman (2011) theorized to be most indicative of human flourishing (i.e., positive emotion, engagement, relationships, meaning, and accomplishment) as well as two subscales representing the related constructs of…”

“Seligman (2011) proposed the PERMA model, that integrates components of hedonia and eudaimonia, which includes a presence of positive affect and absence of negative affect as well as a process of living a deeply satisfying and fulfilling life (Deci and Ryan, 2008).”

“This knowledge and skills are the basis of giving carers greater skills to reduce the stress caused by negative emotions (particularly anger and sadness) and a basis for building PsyCap and wellbeing (Seligman, 2011).”

“Meaning is a central component of well-being (Seligman, 2012) with”

“Whilst having a sense of meaning in everyday life is important to experiences of wellbeing (Seligman 2012), the process of making meaning out of the illness experience might be more powerful in promoting recovery (Leamy et al. 2011).”

“Some studies (Emmons & McCullough, 2003; McCraty & Childre, 2004; McCullough et al., 2004; Seligman, 2012; Wood et al., 2009; Wood et al., 2010) have shown that the most grateful people develop a biological optimism that manifests itself in various dimensions of our physical health.”

“…to the well-being of human beings as naturally evolved creatures – for which, indeed, contemporary positive psychologists have recently claimed to find much cross-cultural evidential support (see, for example, Peterson and Seligman, 2004; Seligman, 2002, 2011; Seligman and Csikszentmihalyi, 2000).”

“…wellbeing through the lens of the PERMA model (Ascenso et al., 2017, 2018), whereby wellbeing is conceptualized as comprising five components (Seligman, 2012): (1) Positive Emotion— the affective part of feeling good, (2) Engagement—deep psychological connection and absorption in an…”

“• Vitality domain covers many emotional aspects of several individual well-being definitions, such as Fredrickson’s one and Seligman’s model of flourishing (Fredrickson, 2004; Seligman, 2012).”

“2018), the positive impact of autonomy on various domains of teachers’ profession (Teng 2018), and the centrality of emotions and engagement as two core categories of positive psychology which influence teachers’ well-being (Seligman 2011), it is surprising why inspecting whether there are ties between teachers’ immun…”

“Accomplishment refers to the application of personal skills and effort as an individual moves towards the desired goal (Seligman 2011).”

“unlikely that the exercise would have had the same effect if the teachers had done it on an individual basis; it was the collective sharing and reflecting on the experiences through the PALAR process, which enhanced the learning, and gave them a sense of belonging to the group by improving positive affect and interper…”

“Another value framework anchored in psychology has been developed by Seligman (2012), consisting of five measurable elements of subjective well-being; positive emotion, engagement, relationships, meaning and achievement.”

“Likewise, in the first graduate program in the newly christened Positive Psychology field in 2000, AI was placed immediately into the heart of the curriculum (Seligman, 2012) and, in the 2017 World Congress on Positive Psychology, AI was featured in a “Founders Symposia” where I was invited to speak about AI’s early d…”

“…inquiry, the study of what makes a life most worth living has quickly spread across a diverse range of scientific domains, impacting not only our theoretical understanding of such matters but also its practical applications (Scorsolini-Comin, Fontaine, Koller, & Santos, 2013; Seligman, 2002, 2012).”

“The themes that emerged from the analysis are similar to the Positive Emotion, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, and Accomplishment (PERMA) model (Seligman, 2011), which draws on both pleasure-focused hedonic factors and eudemonic elements that emphasize moral development and self-growth.”

“The EPOCH Measure of Well-Being (EPOCH): Based on the PERMA theory proposed by Seligman (2011), the scale aims to measure well-being in a holistic way.”

“Positive emotion (P) refers to any sensation of pleasure, enthusiasm, ecstasy, comfort, or other similar sensation associated with past, present, or future events (Seligman, 2002, 2011).”

“…integrated approach is applied in the popular Positive Emotion, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning and Accomplishments (PERMA) model developed by Seligman (2011), which is a multidimensional model of wellbeing (also labelled ‘flourishing’) that encompasses aspects that relate to both hedonic…”

“For instance, how is leadership development mediated by psychological, physical, and socio-cultural well-being (Lomas, Hefferon, & Ivtzan, 2015; Seligman, 2011)? This study has produced some encouraging early results on the relationship between grit and positive leadership.”

“Although mindfulness is not an explicit part of the PERMA model (Seligman 2011), there has been discussion in the literature about the overlapping nature of mindful-”

“From the positive psychology perspective, wellbeing is conceptualized as a positive emotion, engagement, relationships, meaning and achievement (referred to as the PERMA model from the acronym of the components) (Seligman, 2011).”

“Personality traits, emotions (both positive and negative), and institutions act as three fundamental pillars in positive psychology, promoting the development of an individual (Seligman, 2012).”

“For emotions, we taught how to cope with negative emotions and how to collect positive emotions, two skills meaningfully associated with overall well-being (Seligman 2011).”

“To visually represent the data distribution, violin plots were generated using the Flourish online tool [53].”

“Several models of well-being have stemmed from these theoretical foundations, such as Ryff’s six-factor model of psychological wellbeing (Ryff, Singer, Keyes, & Haidt, 2003) and Seligman’s five-factor model (Seligman, 2011).”

“One of the leading positive psychology theories is the PERMA-model of wellbeing, posited by Martin Seligman (Seligman, 2012).”

“In working towards re-establishing equilibrium in one’s life, people are advised to adopt an optimistic view of the future (Seligman, 2006, 2011).”

“Human flourishing is a comprehensive assessment of holistic well-being, and it is a complex and multidimensional concept that goes beyond psychological well-being [35,36].”

“Martin Seligman is the author of two books – Authentic Happiness (Seligman, 2002), later changed into Flourish (Seligman, 2013).”

“Disruption to everyday life as we know, along with academic challenges, has potentially compromised the concept of flourishing as students do not have the ability to fulfil the five pillars of the PERMA Model: positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning in life and accomplishment (Seligman, 2011).”

“In its contemporary version, positive psychology focuses on Seligman’s PERMA model— encouraging positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning, and accomplishments (PERMA, n.d.; Seligman, 2011).”

“” It might be assumed that the use of signature character strengths leads to better relations, positive emotions and meaning (Seligman, 2011).”

“As a theoretical perspective, positive psychology has been used to explore psychological strengths by focusing on optimal human functioning (Frazier, Lee, & Steger, 2006; Lopez, Pedrotti, & Snyder, 2015; Seligman, 2011).”

“bases in existing theory [39, 40, 53, 54] and previous empirical research [29, 31, 48, 55] was tested.”

“The results indicated that neuroticism was equally correlated with SWB and PWB; agreeableness was more strongly associated with SWB than PWB; openness was more strongly associated with PWB than SWB; and extraversion and conscientiousness were slightly more strongly associated with PWB than SWB.”

“Numerous researchers rank meaning in life among the key aspects of well-being (e.g. Ryff and Singer 2006; Seligman 2011; King et al. 2006; de Muijnck 2013).”

“Mirroring the emergence of positive psychology in the past 20 years (Seligman 2011), research involving college students has recognized the limitation of a primarily deficit grounded conceptualization of mental health.”

“Despite the different philosophical origins of the works by Lawrence and Nohria (2002) and Seligman (2011, 2012), Money et al. (2015) see the practical implications of the work for business as complementary rather than contradictory.”

“…conceptualized to cover the hedonic (i.e., emotional) well-being such as demonstrating positive affect or happiness and life satisfaction (e.g., Seligman, 2011; VanderWeele, 2017) and the eudemonic (i.e., psychological and social) well-being such as having positive social relationships,…”

“After nearly two decades of studies on what contributes to a good life, Seligman (2011) captured in the acronymous PERMA (Positive emotions, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning in life, and Accomplishment) the characteristics that make life worth living.”

“What constitutes wellbeing was a serious discussion among social scientists (Brunetto et al., 2021; Fisher, 2010; Ryan & Deci, 2000; Seligman, 2011).”

“In addition, the concept of savoring mirrors to a great extent the concept of engagement from the PERMA model of positive psychology (Seligman, 2011) and Csikszentmihalyi’s (1990) construct of flow, which are related to the development of a heightened state of awareness, and higher self-control and meaningfulness of o…”

“Diener (1984) suggested affective and evaluative components, and other theorists add eudaimonic elements, such as meaning and purpose, self-acceptance, engagement, and optimism (e.g., Ryff, 1995; Seligman, 2011).”