Extensive transmission of microbes along the gastrointestinal tract
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Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is abundantly colonized by microbes, yet the translocation of oral species to the intestine is considered a rare aberrant event, and a hallmark of disease. By studying salivary and fecal microbial strain populations of 310 species in 470 individuals from five countries, we found that transmission to, and subsequent colonization of, the large intestine by oral microbes is common and extensive among healthy individuals. We found evidence for a vast majority of oral species to be transferable, with increased levels of transmission in colorectal cancer and rheumatoid arthritis patients and, more generally, for species described as opportunistic pathogens. This establishes the oral cavity as an endogenous reservoir for gut microbial strains, and oral-fecal transmission as an important process that shapes the gastrointestinal microbiome in health and disease.
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Enrichment of bacterial species from oral cavity is characteristic of CRC GOMS, along with enrichment in invasive polymicrobial bacterial biofilms in patients with right-sided tumours.
“The enrichment of bacterial species from the oral cavity is characteristic of the CRC GOMS50,76–79, along with an enrichment in invasive polymicrobial bacterial biofilms in patients with right-sided tumours76,80,81.”
From Gut OncoMicrobiome Signatures (GOMS) as next-generation biomarkers for cancer immunotherapy (2023) · cites this paper as [78]
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- Authors
- Schmidt, T. S., Hayward, M. R., Coelho, L. P., Li, S. S., Costea, P. I., Voigt, A. Y., Wirbel, J., Maistrenko, O. M., Alves, R. J., Bergsten, E., de Beaufort, C., Sobhani, I., Heintz-Buschart, A., Sunagawa, S., Zeller, G., Wilmes, P., & Bork, P.
- Affiliations
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (DE)
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard (US)
- Fudan University (CN)
- Novo Nordisk Foundation (DK)
- Heidelberg University (DE)
- Université Paris-Est Créteil (FR)
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
- ETH Zurich (CH)
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LU)
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
- ORCID
- Venue
- eLife
- Publisher
- eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd
- Published
- 2019-02-12
- Volume
- 8
- ISSN
- 2050-084X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6424576
- OpenAlex
- W2950245396
- Cited by
- 596
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 96 · 2025: 78 · 2024: 120 · 2023: 80 · 2022: 91 · 2021: 80 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 14
- FWCI
- 18.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- eLife (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- MDC Repository (Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine) (acceptedVersion)
- Open Repository and Bibliography (University of Luxembourg) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Online Publication Service of Würzburg University (Würzburg University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Repository for Publications and Research Data (ETH Zurich) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- ETH Zürich Research Collection (cc-by)
- Funders
- Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg (CORE/15/BM/10404093)
- H2020 European Research Council (ERC-AdG-669830)
- H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (661019)
- German Network for Bioinformatics Infrastructure (de.NBI #031A537B)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Keywords
- fecal-oral transmission, oral microbiota, gut microbiota, microbial colonization, large intestine, opportunistic pathogens, colorectal cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, salivary microbiota, fecal microbiota
- MeSH terms
- Bacteria, Feces, Humans, Intestine, Large, Mouth, Saliva, Cluster Analysis, Metagenomics, Microbiota
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